The dynamic diversity in gastrointestine of the severe aute pancreatitis (SAP) is a relatively scarce area of clinical research. During SAP, it is very common to see the phenomenon of the dynamic disorder of gastrointestine such as the paralysis of intestine, the distension of abdomen.It is complicate that the mechanisms of the dynamic diversity in gastrointestine have been secondary to the severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). It can be elucidated partly as follows: the disorder of gastrointestinal hormone, the drop of the plasma calcium levels, the release of the inflammatory factors, the formation of intra-abdominal high-pressure (IAH) and the abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) , the pancreatitisassociated ascites fluid(PAAF) and the apoptosis of the gastrointestinal epithelial cell during SAP. To investigate the mechanism of The dynamic diversity in gastrointestine of the severe aute pancreatitis (SAP), it is beneficial to promote further research to the phenomenon and to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of SAP. The review is refered to the concept, mechanism, clinical significance of the dynamic diversity in gastrointestine during SAP.

Objective To explore influence of hypertriglyceridemia on serum NO ET-1 and the grade of the pathology severity in rats with severe acute pancreatitis. Methods 36 SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups, group A (HLSAP group) , group B (SAP group). Severe acute pancreatitis was constructed by retrograde injection of 5% na-taurocholate. Blood samples were taken from all subjects to measure triglyceride, ET-1 and NO, pancreatic tissue samples were taken from head of pancreas and stained with H. E. , the degree of pancreatic damage was observed according to the point score of Schmidt and Pozsar's methods. Results In group A, the concentration of ET-1 increased more obviously than that in group B at 4 hour and 8 hour period(P ＜0. 05). The concentration of NO declined both in group A and group B at 12 hours period,but it had a great decline in group A. Animals with hyperlipidemia and severe acute pancreatitis developed significantly higher(P ＜0. 05) ET-1 than the animals of the non-hyperlipamic severe acute pancreatit group in 4 hours and 8 hours period. NO declined in group A and group B at 12 hours period, group A have significantly higher(P ＜0. 05) decline than group B in NO. The histological degree of pancreatic damage were significantly higher in group A than that in the group B at all times. Conclusions Mircrocirculation disorder had existed disorder in the early of SAP. Hypertriglyceridemia could incrase ET-1 and NO earlier and higher in severe acute pancreatitis, and then decline in the late stage. Hypertriglyceridemia intensified the pathologichistological degree of pancreatic damage.

Objective: To investigate molecular mechanism involved in nicotine in combination with Porphyromonas gingivalis ( P.g ) caused monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion .Methods: The effect of nicotine, P.g-lipopolysaccharide (P.g-LPS) and their combination on the proliferation of U 937 cells was determined by CCK-8 method .Interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) expression was investigated by Real-time PCR after U937 cells were treated with nicotine , P.g-LPS and their combination .In human umbilical vein endothe-lial cells ( HUVECs ) , the expressions of monocyte chemoattractant protein CCL-8 and adhesion mole-cules including vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 ( Vcam-1 ) , very late antigen 4 alpha ( VLA4α) , tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 ( OX40) and OX40 ligand ( OX40L) were detected by Real-time PCR or Western blotting assays after HUVEC cells were treated with nicotine , P.g-LPS and their combination .Adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells was detected after the HUVECs and U 937 cells were stimulated with nicotine , P.g-LPS and their combination, respectively.Results:P.g-LPS did not affect the proliferative ability of nicotine in U 937 cells.However, the ability of P.g-LPS induced IL-6 expression was inhibited by 100 μmol/L nicotine in U937 cells.In HUVECs, the expressions of CCL-8, Vcam-1, VLA4α, OX40 and OX40L were significantly up-regulated by nicotine and P.g-LPS combi-nation compared with nicotine alone , P.g-LPS alone and the untreated control .Adhesion of monocytes to HUVECs results showed that the two types of cells treated with nicotine in combination with P.g-LPS could markedly increase the adhesion ability of monocytes to HUVECs .Conclusion:P.g-LPS in combi-nation with nicotine could recruit monocytes to endothelial lesion through up-regulation of CCL-8, and promote adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells through enhancement of Vcam -1/VLA4αand OX40/OX40L interactions, which could be involved in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis .

BACKGROUND: Denddtic cells (DCs) constitute the dominant population of antigen presenting cells (APCs) by possessing potent ability to initiate T cell immunity. The ultrastructure study of DCs is less reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ultrastructure of DCs from mice bone marrow at different maturation stages, and the morphology of DCs between CD40 ligation and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) stimulation in vitro. METHODS: Mice myeloid DCs were generated from bone marrow in vitro using granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)and interleukin-4 (IL-4). Immature DCs were loaded with apoptotic tumor cells (AP-DC), and AP-DC was then stimulated with CD40L-CHO cells and TNF-α for 48 hours, respectively. DCs were routinely sectioned, and ultrastructure was observed under transmission electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Immature DCs showed a few short and blunt cytoplasmic processes, there were specific morphology lysosomes that liked earphone in some cells; DCs engulfing the apoptotic bodies were observed; sub-cellular structures between CD40 ligation and TNF-α stimulated DCs were different, the former had typical morphology of mature DCs which exhibited many dendritic protrusions, however, some DCs displayed apoptosis and autophagy after TNF-α stimulation. In a conclusion, CD40 ligation plays an essential role in myeloid DCs differentiation and maturation, TNF-α can mediate apoptosis and autophaqy of DCs.

BACKGROUND:Numerous studies have confirmed that neovascularization plays an important role in the growth, invasion and metastasis of tumors. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the features of CD133+ ovarian cancer stem-like cels differentiating into vascular endothelial cels. METHODS:CD133+ ovarian cancer stem-like cels were successfuly harvested from A2780 ovarian cancer cel lines using serum-free culture method, and incubatedin vitro onto 96-wel plates with or without Matrigel. Then, we observed the capacity of CD133+ ovarian cancer stem-like cels and human umbilical vein endothelial cels to form tube-like structures at different time points. Through xenograft experiments, the role of CD133+ ovarian cancer stem-like cels in the angiogenesis of ovarian cancer was observed using immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:CD133+ovarian cancer stem-like cels and human umbilical vein endothelial cels cultured with no Matrigel had no corresponding lumen formation, and could not express CD31. But those cultured with Matrigel had lumen formation and expressed CD31 significantly. After tumor formation, human-derived CD31 expression was observed in the tumors. These findings indicate that CD133+ ovarian cancer stem-like cels can differentiate into vascular endothelial cels, and be involved in tumor revascularization.

Objective To discuss the features of the alcoholic liver disease complicated with chronic subdural hemetoma and the use of neuroendoscopy in the disease’s treatment.Methods Clearing the hemetome by neuroendoscopic operation,hemostatic was injected through vein during the operation,the treatment of hemostasis and the liver’s protection were implied in postoperation.Results All of the patients were cured without death and complications correlated the liver disease and hemetoma.Conclusion Neuroendoscopy has a unique advantage in the treatment of the alcoholic liver disease complicated with chronic subdural hemetoma,it is worth promoting.

AIM: To investigate and optimize the technology of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of arctiin and arctigenin from Fructus arctii.METHODS: The effects of ultrasonic power,particle size,ratio of liquid to solid,extraction time,extraction temperature and duty factor on the extraction rates of arctiin and arctigenin were investigated,and optimized with orthogonal experiments.RESULTS: The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were as follows: particle 80 ～ 100 mesh 14 mL/g,ratio of liquid to solid 400 W ultrasonic power,50 ℃ of extraction temperature,and 10 min of extraction time.CONCLUSION: The optimized conditions are reasonable and reliable.

Objective To study the effect of Qing Yi Tang(QYT) on bacterial and endotoxin translocation from intestine in acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis(AHNP) in rats.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: AHNP group,AHNP +QYT treatment group and sham operation(SO) group.AHNP models were set up in the former two group,while the pancreas was only mobilized in SO group.After setting up the model,QYT was gavaged in the QYT group,while normal saline was gavaged in the SO group and AHNP group.The concentration of endotoxin(ET) and the DNA of E.coli expressoin in portal vein blood in three groups of rats were measured 24h later.Results The concentration of ET and amount of E.coli DNA in portal vein of QYT group were lower than those of AHNP group.Conclusions QYT can reduce significantly the concentration of ET and E.coli DNA in portal vein blood and decrease bacterial and endotoxin translocation from intestine in the AHNP rats.

Objective To detect the physical and psychological function of traditional Chinese emotional nursing versus normal nursing on coronary heart disease patients. Methods Searching the major clinical databases of Cochrane library, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database and VIP database to collect the relevant randomized controlled trial (RCT) about routine nursing combined with traditional Chinese medicine emotion care on coronary heart disease. After study selection, assessment and data extraction for RCT according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, Meta-analysis were performed by using the RevMan5.2 software. Results Fourteen relevant studies as much as 1 164 patients were included in the study. Compared with the normal therapy, the figures support that the Chinese medicine emotional care group had a better curative effect (Z=6.74, P<0.01, OR=0.21, 95%CI:0.15-0.26), and the score of Hamilton Depression Scale (Z=8.84, P<0.01, MD=6.64, 95%CI:5.11-8.18), Self-Rating Depression Scale (Z=4.79, P<0.01, MD=8.21, 95%CI:4.89-11.66), and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (Z=11.15, P < 0.01, MD=8.23, 95%CI:6.79-9.68) were all significantly decreased. Conclusions Compared to the conventional nursing combined with traditional Chinese emotional nursing and coronary heart diseaseroutine nursing care, the degree of depression and anxiety in patients is decreased significantly, and the total clinical efficacy is dramatically increased. However, the original study of quality constraints, muchmore high-quality, large sample of RCT is needed for further demonstration.

By taking American Penn State University Medical Center as an example, the paper introduced the current American radiology resident education training situation and elaborated the radiology resident rotation system, multiform teaching model and academic research training. Medical education in American sheds light on how to reasonably arrange rotation, mobilize students' subjective initiative and improve scientific research ability, which radiology resident medical education in China can draw lessons from.