Objective To explore the change of plasma D-dimer (DD),lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 3 (LDH3),tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) in the early stage of acute pulmonary embolism and their clinical significance.Methods Forty-six patients with acute pulmonary embolism of early stage (pulmonary embolism group) and 50 cases of normal person (control group) were enrolled in this study.The patients in pulmonary embolism group were divided into low-risk(18 patients),middle-risk(15 patients) and higher-risk (13 patients).The levels of DD,LDH3 and t-PA were detected and compared.Results The levels of DD,LDH3 and t-PA in pulmonary embolism group were (2.95 ± 0.73) mg/L,(421.42 ± 63.29)U/L and (0.85 ±0.02) U/L,and significantly higher than those in control group [(0.03 ±0.01) mg/L,(198.17 ± 23.37) U/L and (0.59 ± 0.02) U/L] (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of DD,LDH3 and t-PA in low-risk patients [(1.49 ± 0.04) mg/L,(315.47 ± 38.24) U/L and (0.63 ± 0.01) U/L] were significantly lower than those in middle-risk patients [(2.22 ±0.27) mg/L,(382.41 ±54.36) U/L and (0.79 ±0.02) U/L] and higher-risk patients [(3.38 ± 0.98) mg/L,(583.93 ± 117.21) U/L and (0.92 ± 0.03) U/L] (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of LDH3 and t-PA in middle-risk patients were significantly lower than those in higher-risk patients (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the levels of DD,LDH3 and t-PA were significantly decreased [(2.95 ± 0.73)mg/L vs.(1.03 ±0.11) mg/L,(421.42 ±63.29) U/L vs.(223.24 ±25.04) U/L,(0.85 ±0.02) U/L vs.(0.62 ± 0.02) U/L] (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The levels of DD,LDH3 and t-PA in the early stage of acute pulmonary embolism are increased significantly,and with the remission of the patient's condition,the levels of DD,LDH3 and t-PA are decreased.United detection conduces to the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between the levels of CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and periostin (POSTN) in serum and alveolar lavage fluid of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complicated with respiratory virus infection and lung function.Methods:From March 2020 to March 2023, 96 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD admitted to our hospital were collected. Among them, 34 patients with concurrent respiratory virus infection were included in the infected group, and 62 patients without respiratory virus infection were included in the uninfected group. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect the expression levels of CCL2 and POSTN in serum and alveolar lavage fluid. Pearson method was applied to analyze the correlation between CCL2 and POSTN levels in serum and alveolar lavage fluid of infected patients and lung function indicators.Results:The levels of CCL 2 ( t=12.633, 9.253 2, 2) and POSTN ( t=12.370, 7.383) were significantly increased in the infected group compared with the uninfected group ( P<0.05). Compared with the uninfected group, the 6-minute walking test (6 MWT), peak expiratory flow rate (peak expiratory flow, PEF), forced expiratory volume at the first second (forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV 1), and the forced lung capacity (forced vital capacity, FVC), FEV 1/FVC, and maximum middle breath mean flow rate (maximal mid-expiratory flow curve, MMEF) were significantly lower ( t=14.141, 24.165, 22.421, 21.223, 5.278, 29.456, P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the levels of CCL2 and POSTN in the serum and alveolar lavage fluid of the infected group were negatively correlated with the levels of 6MWT, PEF, FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and MMEF ( P<0.05). Conclusions:CCL2 and POSTN levels were highly expressed in serum and alveolar lavage fluid of patients with respiratory virus infection during acute exacerbation of COPD, which were closely related to lung function.