Objective To study the diagnosis,treatment and therapeutic results of 11 patients who suffered from mucinous tumor of the bile duct.Methods Eleven patients who were diagnosed to suffer from mucinous tumor of the bile duct were retrospectively studied.Three patients who presented with obstructive jaundice were diagnosed on ERCP,and 8 patients who had extra-and intrahepatic cholangiolithiasis were diagnosed by biopsy during choledochoscopy.Results One of the 3 patients who underwent ERCP died from obstructive jaundice after failed drainage of bile using endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD).The remaining two patients underwent laparoscopic common bile duct exploration and T tube drainage.The eight patients who had extra-and intrahepatic cholangiolithiasis were diagnosed by biopsy during choledochoscopy.Conclusions The clinical presentation of mucinous tumor of bile duct is non-specific and the preoperative misdiagnosis rate is high.Common bile duct exploration,T tube drainage and long-term T tube drainage is a good way to treat mucinous tumor of the bile duct.

Objectives：To observe the effect of eukaryotic expression vectors coding IL-2 and IL-12 on immune responses induced by DNA immunization of HBV surface antigen（pCR3.1-S）in BABL/c(H-2d) and the protection against P815 mastocytoma cells stable expressing HBV surface antigen in mice after immunized with HBV gene vaccine.Methods：The immunization was performed by intramuscular injection,three weeks later,we directly inoculated P815-HBV-S into mice by subcutaneous injection .Tumor growth was measured every five days.Anti-HBs in serum was detected by ELISA and HBsAg specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) activity was measured by 51 Chromium release assay.Results：Eight weeks after immunization,the A value of mice serum in 450 nm and CTLs activity of mice codiog IL-2 and IL-12 eukaryotic expression vectors were significant higher(P<0.05) than that of mice intramuscular injected HBV-S DNA vaccine,these values are significant higher than that of mice injected pCR3.1(P<0.05).The spleen cells CTLs activity have decreased obviously after treated with anti-CD8+ monoclonal antibody and have no significant change after treated with anti-CD4+ monoclonal antibody.The HBV-S gene vaccine could evidently inhibit the tumor growth,prolong the survival period (>38.2 days) and improve the survival rate in mice.Conclusions：The DNA vaccine of HBV ( pCR3.1-S) had strong antigenicity in cellular and humoral immunity and had marked killing effect on HBV infected cells in vivo，which could be promoted by vector coding murine IL-2 or IL-12.CTLs activity was performed by CD8+ cells.

The clinical data of 143 patients with type Ⅱ a hepatolithiasis with normal function of the sphincter of Oddi were analyzed.The patients were divided into two groups at random.The data of the 2 groups of patients were compared on the operating time,hospitalization,rates of complication,residual stone rates and recurrence rates.The A group patients underwent laparoscopic video choledochoscopic hepaticocholangiolithotomy,T-tube drainage and choledochoscopic lithotomy.The B group patients underwent laparoscopic video hepatectomy and choledochoscopic lithotomy.For most of the patients in the A group,the treatment had the advantages of less trauma,less complications and quicker recovery.There was no significant differences in residual stone rates and recurrence rates between the two groups.As it was difficult to remove stones in the caudate lobes of Ⅱ a type patients in A group due to the sharp angle between the hepatic duct and bile ducts of the caudate lobe,individualized programs should be adopted according to the location of stones on individual patients.

etabolic response to radiotherapy may predict the prognosis of paitents with locally advanced NPC. The prognosis is poor for patients with high FDG uptake before and after radiotherapy or SUV max-NSUV max-P .