Objective To investigate the effect of triamcinolone acetonide(TA) with different dosage and place of production on retina.Methods Twenty-four rabbits were divided into 6 groups(A:untreated as a blank control;B: normal sodium;C:10mg imported TA;D:10 mg domestic-made TA;E:25 mg imported TA;F:25 mg domestic-made TA).Excepting group A every right eyeball underwent vitrectomy before intravitreal injection triamcinolone acetonide.All the eyeballs were extirpated on the 21st day after the intravitreal injection,and then pathological examinations were performed.Results Ganglion cell's light edemata had been seen in group B,C,D,E,F.Cell hyperplasia and vacuolar degeneration had been seen in the internal granular layer or external granular layer in some animals of group E,F.Two samples(1 in group E,1 in group F)observed there were a great amount of fibrinoid materials in cavum vitreum and cavum between amphiblestroid membrane and choroid membrane.Pathological changes in group E,F were severer than in group C,D.Conclusions Intravitreous injection TA at 25 mg can cause photoreceptor cells hyperplasia in rabbits,while there are no toxic effects at 10 mg.No obvious difference is observed between the groups of imported TA and domestic-made TA.

ObjectiveTo study the influence of humanized management mode for infection consciousness and control effect of infection of medical staff. Methods90 medical staff from June 2010 to March 2011 were selected as research object,and they were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 45 cases in each group,then the infection consciousness,grasping situation of related knowledge and infection control effect of two groups before and after the management on the third and sixth month were analyzed and compared.Results The infection consciousness,grasping situation of related knowledge and infection control effect of the observation group after the management on the third and sixth month were all better than those of the control group,there were significant differences. ConclusionsThe humanized management mode plays an active role in improving infection related evaluation indices of hospital staff,and is also effective in control of infection.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of evidence-based nursing model on improvement of the quality of life and emotional state of parturients with natural childbirth during perinatal period. Methods 120 cases of parturients with natural childbirth from November 2009 to November 2010 in our hospital were chosen.They were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 60 cases in each group.The control group was taken conventional methods of nursing care,and the observation group was given evidence-based nursing.The anxiety and depression scores and quality of life score,pain score of the first labor stage of the two groups were compared.The clinical effect of evidence-based nursing on improvement of the quality of life and emotional state of parturients with natural childbirth was evaluated comprehensively. Results After observation,the quality of life prenatal and postnatal for the two groups were compared,the observation group had obvious advantages than the control group,the difference between the two groups was significant.The anxiety and depression scores antepartum and postpartum for the two groups were compared,the observation group was lower than the control group,and the difference between the two groups was significant.The labor pain of the first stage was compared,the rate of the third-grade pain in the observation group was significantly lower than the control group. Conclusions Evidence-based nursing has been applied effectively into the clinic.It has been proven that effective measures can prevent and improve the questions that have arisen or prone to arise for perinatal stage.It can improve the quality of life and improve the emotional state for maternal perinatal period.It is conducive to maternal and child health,and is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To establish reference values for blood pressure in cynomolgus monkeys in different ages.Methods The blood pressures and blood lipids indexes were detected in 521 cynomolgus monkeys using an American BECKMAN-CX4 automatic biochemical analyzer and a wrist electronic blood pressure monitor.Statistical tests were performed to analyze the data.Results Significant differences were found in blood pressure values of cynomolgus monkeys in different ages.Blood pressure values in the elderly group were higher than those of other groups.The morbidity of hypertension in the elderly group was higher than those of the other groups.Body mass index (BMI) in the hypertension group was higher than that of normal group in the same age.The incidence of hypertension in the elderly group with hyperlipemia was higher than that of other groups.Logistic regression analysis showed that age, BMI and hyperlipidemia in the hypertensive group were 1.435, 1.218, and 2.337 times higher than those of the normal group when predicting the risk of hypertension.Conclusions We have initially established reference values of blood pressure in cynomolgus monkeys in different ages.Age, BMI and hyperlipidemia are risk factors of spontaneous hypertension in cynomolgus monkeys, and the measurement of blood pressure may provide a basis for the screening of cynomolgus monkey model of spontaneous hypertensive and related research.

Objective To investigate MRI characteristics of subacute combined degeneration(SCD)with secondary spinal canal stenosis.Methods The clinical and MRI imaging data of 56 patients with SCD were collected to analyze the performance characteristics between spinal cord lesions and spinal canal stenosis,which depended on the synergism of lumbar disc bluge or herniation,degenerative thickening of the ligament flavum and posterior longitudinal ligament.Results Among 56 SCD cases underwent MRI scan,45 cases were combined with spinal cord lesions which showed typical signs of SCD.37 patients were secondary spinal canal stenosis with typical signs,but 2 showed no typical signs.8 patients were no secondary spinal canal stenosis and showed typical.9 cases showed neither spinal cord lesions nor secondary spinal canal stenosis.There was significant difference (P <0.05)between relative secondary spinal canal stenosis and spinal anomaly signal.The course of 1 5 cases were shortened after treated by physical in 37 cases of SCD with secondary spinal canal. Conclusion The secondary spinal canal stenosis can cause microcirculation dysfunction of the spinal cord,which is a key factor contributing to the imaging manifestation.

Objective To explore the apphcation of the integrated teaching method of PBL and TBL based on cases in pharmacology teaching.Method Ninety-two students majored in Pharmaceutical Preparations were selected into the control group,and 184 students majored in pharmacy were enrolled into the experimental group.The teaching effect was comprehensively evaluated by using the combination of theoretical examination and student feedback.Results In the experimental group,the average score of students in Pharmacology (73.68 ± 9.40) was significantly higher than that of the control group (67.34 ± 7.18),and the feedback of the students in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group.Conclusion Compared with the traditional teaching method,the integrated teaching method can significantly improve the students' theoretical examination results and students' learning interest.

Objective To assess the preoperative detection of hepatic arterial anomalies in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy using multi-slice computed tomographic angiography (MSCTA).Methods Between January 2014 and December 2017,60 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy were included in this retrospective study.The clinical and imaging data were analyzed.The types of hepatic artery found by preoperative MSCTA based on the Michels classification were compared with the actual hepatic arterial anatomy detected during surgery.Results Hepatic arterial anomalies were detected by MSCTA in 12 of 60 patients (20.0％).Using the Michels classification,there were 3 patients with type Ⅱ (25.0％),6 patients with type Ⅲ (50.0％),1 patient with type Ⅵ (8.3％),and 1 patient with type Ⅸ (8.3％).One patient (8.3％,1/12) had an anomaly which was not included in the Michels typing.All the hepatic arterial anomalies detected by MSCTA corresponded to those found in surgery (12 patients).The rates of accuracy,sensitivity,and specificity of MSCTA were all 100％.Conclusions MSCTA provided a high accuracy in diagnosing hepatic arterial anomalies.MSCTA should be routinely used before pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Aim To observe the effect of eplerenone(EPL) and Chinese decoction on cell apoptosis in obstructive nephropathy rats.Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham group, UUO group, EPL group and ZY group(n=15).Except sham group, the rats in the other groups were ligated with unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO) for renal interstitial fibrosis model.The rats were treated with eplerenone at 100 mg·kg-1·d-1 added to diet in EPL group, and orally 13.7 g·kg-1·d-1 decoction of Chinese medicine in ZY group.The kidneys were harvested on 14th day, the number of renal cell apoptosis were detected by TUNEL, and serum aldosterone and 8-OhdG were detected with radioimmunoassay and ELISA.Caspase-12, caspase-9, Bax and Bcl-2 were examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results The levels of serum aldosterone, serum and urine 8-OhdG and the number of positive apoptotic cells increased significantly in UUO rats compared with Sham group.The overexpression of caspase-9, caspase-12 and Bax and down-regulated Bcl-2 were obvious in UUO group(P<0.01).The level of 8-OhdG, expression of caspase-9, caspase-12 and Bax were down-regulated, and Bcl-2 expression was up-regulated in eplerenone and Chinese decoction treated rats(P<0.01).Conclusion Eplerenone and Chinese decoction could inhibit cell apoptosis induced by oxidative damage after UUO via caspases and(or) Bax pathway.

Objective The application of flash glucose monitoring ( FGM) in type 1 diabetes could diminish the frequency of hypoglycaemia, however, how FGM improving the glycaemic control target (e.g. HbA1C) is waited to be investigated. Methods Seventy type 1 diabetic patients were recruited from December 2017 to July 2018 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Their demographic data, use of FGM and HbA1C level were collected. Results We observed that type 1 diabetic patients wearing the FGM showed lower insulin dose [(0.562± 0.059)U/kg vs (0.772±0.049)U/kg, P=0.008)], shorter diabetic duration[2.0(0.8-6.0) vs 6.0(2.5-10), P=0.013], lower HbA1C value [6.8％(6.2％-7.7％) vs 8.0％(6.9％-9.4％), P=0.001]. Nevertheless, after adjusting the potential confounders, the level of HbA1C in patients wearing FGM was significantly lower than those without FGM. Moreover, it was independent of other factors, such as the dose of insulin and the insulin delivery method. Conclusion Type 1 diabetic patients wearing FGM had lower HbA1C value but it needs further follow-up to confirm the improvement of glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes with the use of FGM.

Carbon nanotubes have become a kind of superior antitumor drug and gene carrier due to their special cylindrical structure with high loading capacity and easy penetration into the cell membrane. With the gradual development of researches on carbon nanotubes, their applications in tumor photothermal therapy and diagnosis have also become current research hotspots. However, chemical inertness and aggregation of carbon nanotubes have limited their clinical application. To overcome their drawbacks, researchers would functionalize the carbon nanotubes before further researches. In this article, applications of functionalized carbon nanotubes in cancer chemotherapy and gene therapy, photothermal therapy and cancer diagnosis are summarized.