BACKGROUND:The traditional repair methods for laryngeal cartilage defect are restricted by donor source, rejection, which are difficult to be popularized. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold in repair of laryngeal cartilage defect. METHODS: A total of 20 Wistar rats were randomly divided into polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold and polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer scaffold groups. Polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold and polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer scaffold were respectively used for repair after the establishment of laryngeal cartilage defect models. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The laryngeal cartilage defect diameter of rats at 3, 5 and 7 days after modeling in the polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold group was significantly smaler than that in the polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer scaffold group. The laryngeal cartilage defect of rats in the polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold group was basicaly repaired and presented with a smooth surface, and there were no clear boundaries with surrounding tissues; however, the laryngeal cartilage defect of rats in the polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer scaffold group had indentations with a rough surface, and there were obvious boundaries with surrounding tissues. These results demonstrate that polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold can promote the repair of laryngeal cartilage defect part, and its repair effect is more ideal.

Objective To investigate the advantages of DR images produced by tissue equalization(TE)technique in chest digital radiography(DR) compared with standard technique.Methods 100 images collected from DR chest images taken in our hospital in May,2003 were processed by TE technique and compare with standard DR images.Results The details in different thickness area of body could be revealed clearly in the same image produced by TE technique,while the display parameters should be adjusted repeatedly to reveal the details in standard chest digital radiography.Conclusion The visualization of image details can be obviously improved by using the TE technique and other details are not lossed.

BACKGROUND:Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures can result in many complications, such as bone cement leakage and adjacent-level fractures.
OBJECTIVE:To verify the possibility of biodegradable mesh-like microporous polymer bal oon for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.
METHODS:Biodegradable mesh-like microporous P(DLLA-CL) bal oons were fabricated by electrospinning technique. Coated bal oons with the same specification was fabricated by coating P(DLLA-CL) onto the same mould. Morphology of the bal oons was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The bal oon leakage was observed by eyes after the injection of water or cement. The initial strength and stiffness were measured by a universal testing machine. The proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cel s on the bal oons was determined by laser confocal microscope and cel counting kit-8 assays. The biodegradation of bal oons in simulated body fluid, porcine pancreatic lipase, and fresh human serum was studied by residual weighing and scanning electron microscopy observation. Burst pressure of bal oons was measured after the bal oon was placed into a hole in the vertebral bone. For the in vitro calcium release tests, the bal oons were fil ed with calcium cement, tied, placed into 6atm ultrapure water, and then the calcium concentration was regularly determined.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mesh-like microporous bal oons presented with good fiber morphology, thickness distribution, and the presence of pores;on the coated bal oon surface, there was absence of specific morphology and porosity. Compared with the coated bal oon, the mesh-like microporous bal oon showed better mechanical properties, liquid permeability and burst pressure, to prevent leakage of bone cement and promote osteoblast adhesion and proliferation. In addition, the degradation of the mesh-like microporous bal oons was more uniform and stable than the coated bal oons, which may increase the calcium concentration in the injured vertebrae and wil be beneficial to the new bone growth and fracture healing.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of Shuo Tong ureteroscopy in the treatment of upper ureteric stones.Methods The data of 832 patients,who underwent Shuo Tong ureteroscopy combined with holmium laser for the treatment of upper ureteric stones were collected between July 2014 and February 2017.The patients accepted general anesthesia under lithotomy position.After dilating the ureter,a ureteral access sheath was inserted along the guide wire.Finally,stones were broken and clean up by Shuo Tong ureteroscope.According to the stone size,823 patients were divided into ≤2.0 cm group (n=112,13.6％),2.1-3.0 cm group (n =395,48.0％),3.1-4.0 cm group (n =257,31.2％),＞ 4.0 cm group (n =59,7.2％)The stone free rate(SFR) and post-operative complications were observed.Results Among 983 operations,663 cases accepted one-stage operations and 160 cases accepted second stage operations.the operative time and postoperative hospital stay were 23-145 min(mean 74.8 ± 35.3) and 1-5 days(mean 1.9 ±0.8),respectively.The SFR in the first day and one month after operation was 75.6％ and 83.8％,respectively.The stone free rate in each group were 89.3％,82.5％,61.1％,52.5％ at first day after operation respectively(P ＜ 0.05).While,the SFR after one month were 95.5％,87.6％,72.0％,61.0％ in each group,respectively(P ＜ 0.05).Fever rate after operation was 11.1％,ureteral injury rate was 1.9％,severe hematuria rate was 0.6％,stone street formation rate was 1.2％,perirenal hematoma rate was 0.4％.All patients were improved after conventional treatment.Conclusion Shuo Tong ureteroscopy is a safe treatment with high stone free rate for upper ureteric stones.

Objective:To study the results of using a sequential menagement of conservative treatment, percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage(PTCD), laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) combined with laparoscopic common bile duct exploration(LCBDE) and primary duce closure(PDC) in patients with cholecystolithiasis and common bile duct stone(CBDS) who presented with acute cholangitis.Methods:The clinical data of 397 patients with CBDS and cholecystolithiasis who presented with acute cholangitis from January 2015 to August 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, including 230 patients from the West Campus, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 patients from the Second People's Hospital of Binzhou and 72 patients from Rizhao Central Hospital. Conservative treatment, PTCD and LC+ LCBDE+ PDC were used sequentially. The interval between PTCD and LCBDE, the decrease of serum total bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase after PTCD, the operative time of LC+ LCBDE+ PDC, and the intraoperative blood loss were analyzed. Postoperative indwelling time of abdominal drainage tube and PTCD tube time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complications, etc.Results:These were 15 males and 18 femals with the mean age of 57.5 years old. The mean serum total bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase levels decreased from (148.3±36.8) μmol/L and (172.6±26.9) U/L before PTCD to (32.6±5.9) μmol/L and (45.7±7.2) U/L after PTCD, respectively. The interval between PTCD and LCBDE was (25.3±2.6) d. The operation time of LC+ LCBDE+ PDC was (95.4±14.2) min. The intraoperative blood loss was (35.2±9.5 )ml and the mean postoperative hospital stay was (12.4±3.5) d. The postoperative indwelling time of abdominal drainage tubes and PTCD tubes were (10.6±2.3) d and (25.8±4.7) d, respectively. After surgery, bile leakage occurred in 3 patients (9.1%), abdominal hemorrhage in 1 patient (3.0%), biliary bleeding in 1 patient (3.0%), navel incision infection in 1 patient (3.0%), lower common bile duct stenosis in 2 patients (6.1%). All complications responded well to conservation treatment.Conclusions:Sequential treatment using conservative treatment, PTCD combined with LC+ LCBDE+ PDC in patients with cholecystolithiasis and CBDS who presented with acute cholangitis was safe, and efficacious using the minimally invasive approach. This approach is worth promoting to other centers.