BACKGROUND:The traditional repair methods for laryngeal cartilage defect are restricted by donor source, rejection, which are difficult to be popularized. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold in repair of laryngeal cartilage defect. METHODS: A total of 20 Wistar rats were randomly divided into polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold and polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer scaffold groups. Polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold and polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer scaffold were respectively used for repair after the establishment of laryngeal cartilage defect models. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The laryngeal cartilage defect diameter of rats at 3, 5 and 7 days after modeling in the polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold group was significantly smaler than that in the polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer scaffold group. The laryngeal cartilage defect of rats in the polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold group was basicaly repaired and presented with a smooth surface, and there were no clear boundaries with surrounding tissues; however, the laryngeal cartilage defect of rats in the polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer scaffold group had indentations with a rough surface, and there were obvious boundaries with surrounding tissues. These results demonstrate that polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold can promote the repair of laryngeal cartilage defect part, and its repair effect is more ideal.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and its underlying mechanis m of bisphenol-A (BPA)exposure on spine and synapse formation in detate gyrus (DG)area of hippoca mpus during criti-cal develop mental period.METHODS Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were injected intraperitoneally with BPA (50,250 and 500 μg·kg -1·d -1 )fro m postnatal day 7 (PND7)to PND14.Dendritic spine morphol-ogy in DG area was exa mined using Golgi-Cox staining method and determined with I mage J software. Western blotting method was e mployed to test the Wnt related proteins.RESULTS The spine density and the average spine head size in BPA exposed groups significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner when co mpared to control group(P<0.05).Meanwhile,Wnt related proteins were affected dur-ing BPA exposure.Specifically,the percentage of phosphorylated β-catenin increased following BPA ex-posure (P<0.05),whereas Wnt7a expression level was significantly decreased and Wnt5a expression level increased (P<0.05).CONCLUSION Wnt signaling pathway plays an i mportant role in BPA-in-duced i mpairments in spine and synapse formation.

To investigate the immunological enhancement effects of IL-2 with different doses in chicken Shigella vaccine on the duodenum mucosa in Gushi chicken,parental line Gushi chicken were grouped and inoculated with Shigella vaccines including different dose of IL-2.And then the distribution and change of SIgA positive cells and its secretion in the duodenum of the chicken were observed with the immunohistochemistry technology using the Qwin image analysis system.SIgA postive cells were distributed and located primarily in inhesion membrane and enteraden cavity of the duodenum mucosa,additive IL-2 in the Shigella vaccine could increase secretion of SlgA positive cells and strengthen the immunity of the birds,in some degree.The 50 μg IL-2 in the vaccine could display a optimal immunological enhancement effect.

Objective To make a Meta-analysis of the effectiveness and safety of Shenling Baizhu Powder (SBP) for the treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC),thus to provide evidence for the clinical treatment of ulcerative colitis.Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of SBP combined with western medicine vs western medicine in treating ulcerative colitis were included.The quality of RCTs was assessed by the Cochrane scale.A Meta-analysis was performed for the clinical efficacy,improvement of disease activity index (DAI) levels of the included trials.Results A total of 19 RCTs were included,involving 1498 cases.The results of Metaanalysis showed that compared with the western medicine group,the combined risk ratio(RR) of clinical efficacy in the SBP combined group was 1.55,95％ confidence interval (CI) being (1.39,1.72).The subgroup analysis based on control medicine showed that the combined RR of combined use of sulfasalazine or mesalazine/Olsalazine was 1.46,1.59 [95％CI (1.19,1.77) vs 95％CI (1.40,1.80)].The subgroup analysis based on different treatment courses showed that the combined RR of 1-30 days,31-60 days,61-90 days was 1.42,1.69,1.47 [95％CI (1.18,1.70) vs 95％CI (1.44,1.97) vs 95％CI (1.15,1.88)] respectively.The differences were significant (P ＜ 0.05).(2) The differences of the two groups on the improvement of DAI and inflammatory factors levels of interlekin-17(IL-17),IL-23,tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),C-reactive protein(CRP) were statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).(3)The sensitivity analysis of the primary outcomes showed a higher homogeneity in the literatures and the funnel plot analysis showed no evidence of publication bias.Conclusion Compared with western medicine,SBP combined with western medicine has better clinical efficacy for the treatment of UC,and the combined use of mesalazine/Olsalazine medicated for 30-60 days is more effective on improving DAI and inflammatory factors levels.However,for the low quality of the included literatures and insufficient experimental design,the conclusion needs more evidence from large sample-size randomized double-blind controlled trials.

Objective To evaluate neurovascular anatomical relationship in patients with trigeminal neuralgia.Methods 49 patients with neuralgia were examined by MRI 3D-CISS in combination with 3D-TOF and MPR technique.The MRI findings were compared to the partial operative results.Results 13 patients who underwent surgery were considered as a responsible compression of vessel on 3D-CISS and 3D-TOF imaging,the compression caused by artery and vein was seen in operation in 10 cases and 3 cases respectively.18 (90%) of 20 patients with the symptom of maxillary division had neurovascular compression at the medial site of the root of trigeminal nervus,while 15(79%) of 19 patients with the symptom of mandibular division had compression at the lateral site.Conclusion 3D-CISS MR imaging is useful in the detection of neurovascular relationship and correlation between the region of neuralgic manifestation and the site of trigeminal nerve compression.

Objective KG1This study is to evaluate defectography in postoperative defecation function of Hirschsprung′s disease (HD). KG2MethodsKG1 Between 1979 and 1993, 30 HD cases were treated operatively and followed-up by defectography. KG2ResultsKG1 Thirty cases were classified into 3 groups, according to the standard quantitative clinical scoring systems with the stooling score from 0 to 14. There were 4 cases (13%) graded as excellent (maximum score of 14) with normal bowel habit, 21 cases (70%) as good (score between 10～13) with minor continence problems, 5 cases (16 7%) as fair (score between 5～9) with marked limitations in social life. Anorectal manometry study showed that the anal resting pressure and voluntary sphincter force (maximal queeze pressure minus resting pressure) in fair group were significantly lower than that in control group( P

Interactions between FMDV and cardiac cells are multifaceted and complex ,these interactions leads to pro-teins alterations in cardiac cells inevitably .To understand the pathogenesis of myocarditis after FMDV infection in mice ,the suckling mouse model for myocarditis induced by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) was established in this study .Suckling mice within 3 days old was selected to infect by FMDV .Myocarditis caused by FMDV in suckling mice was confirmed with clinical symptom monitor .The observation of Hematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E stain) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed after samples processing .According to conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods ,prim-ers of VP1 gene was designed ,synthesised and specific FMDV VP1 gene was amplified from the heart muscle of suckling mice . The results indicated that suckling mice appeared low spirit condition ,dyspnea ,and dull reaction within 36 hours after chal-lenge with FMDV .Infiltration of inflammatory cells and dissolution of myocardial fibers were observed with H&E stain and TEM .Special target gene of FMDV was amplified from the heart of infected group .Obvious inflammation in the heart of suck-ling mice caused by FMDV was observed .It's suggested that suckling mouse model for myocarditis induced by FMDV was es-tablished successfully ,which would lay the foundation for researches of myocarditis mechanism in young cloven-hoofed ani-mals .

BACKGROUND:Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures can result in many complications, such as bone cement leakage and adjacent-level fractures.
OBJECTIVE:To verify the possibility of biodegradable mesh-like microporous polymer bal oon for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.
METHODS:Biodegradable mesh-like microporous P(DLLA-CL) bal oons were fabricated by electrospinning technique. Coated bal oons with the same specification was fabricated by coating P(DLLA-CL) onto the same mould. Morphology of the bal oons was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The bal oon leakage was observed by eyes after the injection of water or cement. The initial strength and stiffness were measured by a universal testing machine. The proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cel s on the bal oons was determined by laser confocal microscope and cel counting kit-8 assays. The biodegradation of bal oons in simulated body fluid, porcine pancreatic lipase, and fresh human serum was studied by residual weighing and scanning electron microscopy observation. Burst pressure of bal oons was measured after the bal oon was placed into a hole in the vertebral bone. For the in vitro calcium release tests, the bal oons were fil ed with calcium cement, tied, placed into 6atm ultrapure water, and then the calcium concentration was regularly determined.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mesh-like microporous bal oons presented with good fiber morphology, thickness distribution, and the presence of pores;on the coated bal oon surface, there was absence of specific morphology and porosity. Compared with the coated bal oon, the mesh-like microporous bal oon showed better mechanical properties, liquid permeability and burst pressure, to prevent leakage of bone cement and promote osteoblast adhesion and proliferation. In addition, the degradation of the mesh-like microporous bal oons was more uniform and stable than the coated bal oons, which may increase the calcium concentration in the injured vertebrae and wil be beneficial to the new bone growth and fracture healing.

In this study,a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),named as 8C9 and4B4,were produced by fusing SP2/0 myeloma cells and spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with the PRRSV (TCID50=5.5),screened by the indirect ELISA and subjected to several limiting dilutions.mAbs were then identified by biological characterization.Among the two fusion cell strains,8C9 belonged to the IgG1 subclass and 4B4 belonged to the IgG2a subclass.The titers in cell culture supernatant and abdomen liquor reached to 1:104and 1:105,respectively.The specificity test indicated that the two cells had specific reactions for the PRRSV and GP5 protein respectively,and no reaction with Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) or Swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV).The molecular weights of the heavy chain and light chain were about 45.0 kDa and 25.0 kDa,respectively.In neutralization activity tests,the results showed that the prepared mAb 4B4 can protect 50% of cells with no CPE in dilution up to 1:512,but mAB 8C9 has no neutralization activities to PRRSV.

BACKGROUND:It has become a focus to look for new vertebral body fil ing materials which have the biomechanical property, biological activity and low cement leakage rate.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biomechanical characters and cement leakage rate of the vertebral bodies implanted with biodegradable reticulated bal oon and calcium phosphate.
METHODS:Thirty-two vertebral bodies from pigs were randomly divided to four groups. For A group, 2.5-3.0 mL polymethacrylate cement was injected into the body through a unilateral thoracic pedicle pathway;for B group, 2.5-3.0 mL calcium phosphate cement were injected by the same protocol;for C group, the biodegradable reticulated bal oons fil ed with 2.5-3.0 mL calcium phosphate cement were implanted;D group, including normal vertebral bodies, was designed as controls. Leakage of bone cement was observed in each group. The load-shift curves were recorded by an electronic universal testing machine (SCHENCK RSA-250).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The stiffness and strength of A group were significantly higher than those of D group (P<0.05), and the stiffness and strength of B group were statistical y lower than those of D group (P<0.05). The stiffness and strength of C group, otherwise, were similar with those of D group (P>0.05). Cement leakage rate of C group was lower than that of A or B group (P<0.05). Vertebral bodies implanted with biodegradable reticulated bal oons may lead to similar biomechanical characters as the normal vertebral bodies and reduce the cement leakage rate.