A high-yield arachidonic acid producing strain (mortierella alpina) was selected with ion implantation. After treating the dry-thallus of high-yield arachidonic acid-producing strain with BF3-CH3CH solution, the fatty acid in dry-thallus of arachidonic acid producing strain were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The result showed that there were saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the dry-thallus. The relative content of arachidonic acid is 70.2% in the all fatty acids. In addition, there were oleic acid, linoleic acid and γ-linolenic acid in the dry-thallus.

AIMTo investigate the effects of prostaglandin E 1 on apoptosis induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocy tes. METHODSThe models of hypoxia/reoxygenation were made with t he first generation of cultured cardiomyocytes. Hypoxia/reoxygenation apoptosis in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes was studied by agarose gel electrophores is and Tdt-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL). Bcl-2 and bax mRNA were det ected by in situ hybridization. RESULTSThe results of DNA electr ophoresis in the H/R group showed the typical DNA ladder. And the DNA ladder decreased gradually corresponding to the increased dose of PGE 1. The TUNEL staining showed that the total number of apo ptotic cells in the H/R group was much biger than that in PGE 1(0 127 ?mol?L -1 ) group. The results of in situ hybridization showed that the conten t of bcl-2 mRNA in H/R group was lower than control. And the content of bax mRN A showed a reverse result as bcl-2 mRNA. Compared with H/R group, the content o f bcl-2 mRNA was significantly higher after treatment with PGE 1(0 014 ?mol ?L -1 , 0 042 ?mol?L -1 , 0 127 ?mol?L -1 ). But the content of bax mRNA in PGE 1(0 014 ?mol?L -1 , 0 042 ?mol?L -1 , 0 127 ?mol?L -1 )groups was significantly lower than H/R group. CONCLUSI ONH/R injury can induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis. PGE 1 has obvious an ti-apoptotic effects on cardiomyocyte and the mechanisms are possibly by inhibi ting the expression of bax and increasing the expression of bcl-2.hein creaseddoseofPGE1 .TheTUNELstainingshowedthatthetotalnumberofapoptoticcellsintheH

Objective T o explore the effectiveness of direct am plification for the ST R analysis of carti-lage, and to accelerate the effectiveness of disaster victim identification. Methods E ighty-eight cartilage sam ples w ere directly am plified by Pow erPlex誖21 kit, and the results of genotyping w ere com pared w ith that obtained by the m agnetic beads m ethod. Results In 88 cartilage sam ples, the ST R genotypes w ere successfully detected from 84 sam ples by direct am plification and m agnetic beads m ethod, and both the results of genotyping by tw o m ethod w ere consistent. Conclusion D irect am plification w ith Pow er-Plex誖21 kit can be used for ST R genotyping of cartilages. T his m ethod is operated easily and prom ptly, w hich has a potential application in the individual identification of m ass disasters.

Objective To compare the classification rate of three classifications of epilepsy syndromes proposed by International League Against Epilepsy(ILAE),and analyze their stuctural changes.Methods All patients with epilepsy who consecutively visited the epilepsy center of Peking Union Medical College Hospital between Aug.1st,2007 and Mat.31st.2008 were included.Thtee classifications of epilepsy syndromes were used in order.Results In this study,we could categorize 75.5 % of 1356 patients by applying the 1989 international classification of epilepsy syndromes.89.0 % of them by the 2001 proposed diagnostic scheme and 88.1 % of them by the 2006 report.In this aspect,the 2001 and 2006 classifications were better than the 1989 classification(x2=116.3,P<0.01).However,only 11.6 % (157),12.O % (162)and 11.9 % (160)of patients with specific epilepsy syndromes were identified from the 1356 epileptic patients by three classifications.respectively.This data based on the 2001 and 2006 classifications did not change markedly in comparison with the 1989 classification(x2=0.09,P>0.05).Conclusions The 2006 report involve mole scientific mode of classification and systematic evaluation,and can classify more patients with epilepsy.It can be ased in clinical and scientific research.which can not only accumulate data for developing more scientific classification but also stimulate research especially in the fields of genetics and functional morphology.

Objective This paper explored the effect of the early clinical exposure in im-proving medical students' cognitive aspects of the doctor-patient relationship. Methods (1)From 280 undergraduate students of Grade 2010 who participated in early clinical exposure of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine and 280 undergraduate students of Grade 2011 who did not participate in the early clinical exposure, we selected 140 students respectively to conduct a simple random sam-pling survey. The results were analyzed by SPSS after using Microsoft Excellsoftware for entry. Statis-tical methods selected χ2-test/Fisher exact test(P<0.05). (2)We had an interview to students,teachers leading the project, instructor,experts engaging in the study of the doctor-patient relationship by using focus group discussion and in-depth interview, and then using thematic analysis to analyze the data. (3)The main aspects of questionnaires and interviews were: details, activity participation/interest, general cognitive on the doctor-patient relationship, passion for profession, choice of career, the effect in improving medical students' cognitive aspects of the doctor-patient relationship and the suggestions and comments. Results The effective questionnaires collected from Grade 2010 were 134, and124 from Grade 2011.The participation rate of the undergraduates of Grade 2010(participating group) was 94.0%(126/134), while the interest rate of undergraduates of Grade 2011 (control group) was only 76.6%(95/124). Participating group had a better cognitive understanding of doctor-patient relationship than control group(P=0.0192). The activities had significant effects on choice of career(P=0.0002), and no effect on passion for profession(P=0.7372). There was statistically significant difference on their views of employment(P=0.0002). The key words for the interview were: not enough preparation before activity, not reasonable timing, teachers leading the project, stimulation of professional pride. Conclusions Early clinical exposure activities can be effective in improving medical students' awareness of the current doctor-patient relationship. Still we have some shortages in the activity, some more exploration and amelioration should be made in late stage.

Objective : To explore the effects of“radiotherapy assistant”application on lung cancer patients who receive radiotherapy. Methods : A total of 120 patients with lung cancer who received radiotherapy in Hangzhou Cancer Hospital from March to September 2017 were recruited and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. The patients in the control group received the routine health education,while the ones in the experimental group performed the“radiotherapy assistant”application focused on interactive guidance. Before and after the intervention,the scores of treatment-nursing compliance and self-management efficacy between the two groups were compared. Results : After the intervention,the compliance scores of radiotherapy treatment,health behaviors,regular review,moderate exercise,medication and diets in the experimental group were 2.77±0.43,2.67±0.51,2.68±0.50,2.45±0.75,2.77±0.43 and 2.65±0.55;the ones in the control group were 2.62±0.49,2.42±0.59,2.55±0.50,2.37±0.64,2.67±0.48 and 2.37±0.69. The scores of the six items of compliance in the two groups were all improved compared to the ones before the intervention,but the interaction between the groups and intervention time was not statistically significant（P>0.05）. The scores of positive attitude,self-decompression,self-decision and total self- management efficacy in the experimental group were 52.48±7.69,10.51±3.31,36.88±6.15 and 97.62±12.87,respectively;the ones in the control group were 37.38±10.44,5.70±1.51,27.58±9.41,and 92.17±11.19. The scores of the two groups were all improved compared to the ones before the intervention,and the ranges of the scores improved in the experimental group were wider than those in the control group. Conclusion The“radiotherapy assistant”application can significantly improve the self-management efficacy of patients who receive the lung cancer radiotherapy,but its effect on the improvement of treatment compliance requires long-term intervention to verify.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in combination with flow cytometry (FCM) in lymphoma.Methods From January 2011 to December 2011,the cases of suspicious lymphoma with EUS-FNA examination at Shanghai Ruijin Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The final diagnosis was according to pathological diagnosis of specimen from the surgery and follow up results.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of EUS-FNA combined with FCM in lymphoma diagnosis were initially analyzed.Results A total of 14 suspicious lymphoma patients were collected,eight cases were diagnosed as lymphoma by pathological examination of specimen from the surgery or.tissue from aspiration,four cases were non-lymphoma lesions and two cases still had no final diagnosis.The sensitivity and specificity of FCM alone in lymphoma diagnosis were 4/8 and 4/4 respectively.Six cases of lymphoma were detected by EUS-FNA with FCM.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of EUS FNA combined with FCM were 6/8,6/6 and 10/12 respectively.Conclusion EUS-FNA combined with FCM has better diagnostic value in lymphoma,especially for gastrointestinal lymphoma and those surrounding deep lesions.

OBJECTIVEThe molecular targets of ginsenoside Rg1-induced neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiation were screened by genechip.

METHOD7th day following ginsenoside Rg1 induced human neural stem cells to neurons the gene expression was observed by genechip. The purpose gene and signal transduction pathways were selected by the data calculations, and then confirmed by western blot and immunohistochemical method.

RESULT7th day following Rg1-induced NSCs differentiation, there were about 675 different genes, 255 genes of which were up-regulated and 420 genes down-regulated obviously. Meanwhile the ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase) in MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway was related with the NSCs differentiation. The Western blot and immunohistochemistry detection confirmed that ERK 1/2 protein and its phosphorylation were significantly increased, which can be blocked by PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor). In addition, differentiation rate of NSCs was also decreased obviously in ginsenoside Rg1-induced differentiated NSCs when ERK blocker PD98059 was used.

CONCLUSIONERK1/2 is an important molecular target in ginsenoside Rg1-induced NSC differentiation. The selected differentially expressed genes by genechip may provide new clues to study of ginsenoside Rg1-induced NSCs differentiation.

Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Down-Regulation ; drug effects ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; drug effects ; genetics ; Neural Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Time Factors

Objective Lab color mode can be used to digitize the color.This study explores the possibility of using Lab model to measure facial pigmentations.Methods Lab color model was used to measure the normal skin and three common clinical pigmentations (Ota nevus,freckles and melasma).We also analyzed the characteristics and assessed the data changes after the treatment.Results Average L,a and b values were 54.4,13.8 and 19.0 in normal skin,34.6,5.17 and 6.9 in Ota nevus,43.25,16.15 and 23.05 in freckles and 40.5,16.8 and 23.35 in melasma,respectively.The Lab values of freckles and melasma were close.The order of L value was:normal skin ＞ freckle ＞ melasma ＞Ota nevus;the order of value of a and b was:melasma ＞ freckle ＞ normal skin ＞ Ota nevus.After treatment,the Lab values gradually tended to be the values of normal skin.Conclusions The Lab color mode can be used as a digital description method for skin color and facial pigmentation,which provides an objective measure for clinical research.