Objective To analyze the status of Huangshui River water pllution by chromium(Cr6+)and define the pollution source. Methods Water samples were collected from 5 monitoring points closely located at the bank of Huangshui River from the upper reaches to the lower reaches including A spring,Huanghai canal,Duoba water source well,Zhamalong,Xigangqiao,and also from the location of the upper reaches of Halejian River in the area of source of Huangshui River established as the control monitoring point during 1996-2003. The contents of Cr6+ in the water samples from above sampling points were determined. Results During 1999-2003,the average content of Cr6+ in the water samples from A spring was 45.192 mg/L,and those from Huanghai canal in the upper reaches of Huangshui River Zhamalong and Xigangqiao increased year by year gradually.By the end of 2003,Cr6+ hadn't been found in the water samples from the upper reaches of Halejian River,but Cr6+ had been found first in the water samples from Duoba water source well with a concentration of 0.007 mg/L. Conclusion Haibei Chemical Industrial Works near A spring was the main source for the Cr6+-pollution of water body of the upper reaches of Huangshui River.

Objective To explore the significance of activated protein C resistance (APCR) and antiphospholipid antibody(APA) in patients with neuropsychiatric lupus erythematosus(NPLE). Methods APCR, anticardiolipid antibody (ACA)(IgG, M, A), lupus anticoagulant (LA) were measured with APTT? APC, ELISA, PTT－ LA methods, respectively, in 21 NPLE patients and 88 SLE patients without NPLE(NNPLE). Results The positive rates of APCR and ACA(IgG) in NPLE group were 78.9％ (15/19) and 52.4％ (11/21), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in NNPLE group: 44.3％ (39/88) and 22.7％ (20/88), respectively (P

Objective To investigate the relationship between the anti-phospholipid antibodies (APLs)and activated protein C resistance (APCR). Methods The response to activated protein C (APC) was studied by an APTT-based (clotting) assay with a Stago autoanalyzer and expressed as the ratio between the APTT obtained in the presence and absence of exogenous APC. APC sensitive ratio higher than 2 was regarded as APCR. Anti-?2-glycoprotein Ⅰ (?2GP-Ⅰ) antibody and anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACL) were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Lupus anticoagulant (LA) was tested by activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Results The existence of LA and acquired APCR showed significant correlation (?2=16.332, P=0.008). Acquired APCR was significantly associated with the presence of anti-?2GP-Ⅰ antibody (?2=6.179, P=0.012), but not ACL. The presence of APCR was associated with an increased frequency of history of thromboembolic events and/or recurrent abortions (?2=7.347, P=0.01). Conclusion This study suggests that APCR is linked to the presence of LA and anti-?2GP-Ⅰ antibody. APLs may interfere with the activation of protein C. APCR phenotype may be a major risk factor for thrombophilia in patients with APLs. Combined detection of APLs has the potential value for predicting thrombosis.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the HPLC fingerprint for Blumea balsamifera and its fake B. riparia. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Uitimate-C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid(gradient elution)at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min,detection wavelength was 270 nm,column temperature was 25 ℃,and injection volume was 7 μL. Using quercetin as a reference,Similarity Evaluation Software for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2004 A edition)was used for the common peaks identification and similarity analysis of 16 batches of B. balsamifera and 5 batches of B. ri-paria. RESULTS:There were 61 common peaks in the 16 batches of B. balsamifera,similarity degree was 0.931-0.995,which was higher than the similarity degree of 5 batches of B. riparia. CONCLUSIONS:The established fingerprint can provide reference for the identification and quality evaluation of B. balsamifera.

Objective To study the expressions of Toll-like receptor 9 protein (TLR9) in peripheral B and T lymphocytes in newly diagnosed, untreated patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their relationship with clinical parameters. Methods Blood samples were obtained from 35 newly diag-nosed, untreated patients with SLE and 16 healthy human controls. B, T lymphocytes and TLR9 protein were labeled with fluorescent antibodies, and the expressions of TLR9 protein were detected by flow cytometry in peripheral B and T lymphocytes. The relationship between TLR9 expression and clinical parameters was assessed. Results The proportions of B and T lymphocytes expressing TLR9 in newly diagnosed, untreated patients were (53.94±17.95)% and (49.33 ± 23.30)%, respectively, compared to (29.40 ± 10.54)% and (29.18 ± 14.78)%, respectively, in healthy controls (t = 6.11,3.73, respectively, both P < 0.01). Additionally,the proportion of B lymphocytes expressing TLR9 correlated negatively with SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI)(r = -0.39, P < 0.05), but positively with the level of serum IgA antibody (r = 0.74, P < 0.01).Condnsions The expression of TLR9 is elevated in peripheral T and B lymphocytes from patients with newly diagnosed, untreated SLE, and the proportion of TLR9-expressing B lymphocytes negatively correlates with SLEDAI, but positively correlates with the serum level of IgA antibody.

AIM:To establish HPLC fingerprint for the root and rhizome of Clematis uncinata Champ and to compare the differences of clematis and Clematis uncinata in fingerprint. METHODS:Based on 10 batches of Clematis unciuata Champ,its chromatographic seperation was performed on Diamonsil C18 (250 mm ? 4. 6 mm,5 ?m)with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile -0.05% phosphoric acid,gradient eluent,at the flow rate of 0. 8 mL/min. The UV detection was set at 210 nm. RESULTS:The mutual mode to HPLC-UV fingerprints was set up,and the 23 mutual peaks were indicated. The similarities were compared among Cleuatis uncinata Champ and substitutes collected from different sources there were apparent difference in fingerprint. CONCLUSION:The method is stable and reliable with a good reproducibility and provides a reference standard for identifying medicinal clematis.

Objective:To investigate the expression of B lymphocyte induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp-1) in peripheral blood CD4 + T cells, CD19 + B cells and labial glands of patients with primary Sj?gren′s syndrome (pSS) and the correlation of Blimp-1 with clinical features. Methods:Expression of PRDM1 at mRNA level in CD4 + T cells, CD19 + B cells and labial gland tissues were detected by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to observe the distribution of Blimp-1. Correlation of PRDM1 expression at mRNA level with clinical indicators was analyzed. Results:PRDM1 expression at mRNA level in CD4 + T and CD19 + B cells were significantly higher in pSS group than in healthy control (HC) group ( P<0.01). Based on European League Against Rheumatism Sj?gren′s Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI), the patients were classified into two groups: active group (ESSDAI≥5) and inactive group (ESSDAI<5). PRDM1 expression at mRNA level in CD4 + T and CD19 + B cells were also higher in the active group than in inactive group ( P<0.05). Blimp-1 protein accumulated around the acinus and duct of labial gland and in the germinal center in pSS patients. PRDM1 expression at mRNA level in labial gland tissues of pSS patients was positively correlated with lymphocyte infiltration ( r=0.781, P<0.001). Conclusions:pSS displayed high expression of Blimp-1. Blimp-1 might affect pSS disease activity and have clinical significance in pSS treatment.

OBJECTIVE：To esta blish a method for determining the contents of lupenone and stigmasterol in the rhizome ，stem and leaf of Mosa basjoo from the same plant ，and to provide reference for the substitute resource for the effective components of M. basjoo . METHODS ：UPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Zorbax Rrhd Eclipse Plus C 18 column （100 mm×2.1 mm，1.8 μm）with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-methanol （78.5∶21.5，V/V）. The detection wavelength was set at 210 nm；the flow rate was 0.15 mL/min；the column temperature was 30 ℃ and the sample size was 1 μL. The results of content determination of lupinone and stigmasterol in the rhizome ，stem and leaf of 9 batches of M. basjoo from the same plant were analyzed by the methods of comparative analysis between groups ，principal component analysis and cluster analysis. RESULTS：The mass concentration of lupenone and stigmasterol had a good linear relationship with the corresponding peak area within the range of 11.16-357.10 and 8.83-160.40 g/mL（R2 were 0.999 2 and 0.999 1，respectively）. RSDs of precision ， repeatability and stability tests were all less than 3％. The average recovery rates of lupenone and stigmasterol were 101.44％ and 98.32％，and the RSDs were 1.77％ and 1.81％（n＝6），respectively. The average contents of lupenone and stigmasterol in stems of M. Basjoo were significantly higher than those of rhizome and leaves of M. basjoo （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the contents of lupenone and stigmasterol between stem and leaf of M. basjoo from same plant （P＞0.05）. Results of principal component analysis showed that the contents of lupanone and stigmasterol were different in rhizome ，stem and leaf of M. basjoo from the same plant. Rhizome ，stem and leaf of M. basjoo were divided into three types through cluster analysis ，among which the rhizome had significant difference with the other two parts. CONCLUSIONS ：The method is simple ，rapid，specific， reproducible and accurate. It can be used for the content determination of lupenone and stigmasterol in different parts of M. basjoo . The stem of M. basjoo can replace the rhizome of M. basjoo as the source of lupinone and stigmasterol.

OBJECTIVE： To establish a UPLC fingerprint of Ficus tikoua. METHODS： UPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEF C18 column with mobile phase consisted of 0.2％ aqueous acetic acid-acetonitrile （gradient elution）； the detection wavelength was 254 nm； the flow rate was 0.1 mL/min； the column temperature was 25 ℃， and sample size was 2 μL. UPLC fingerprints of 10 batches of samples and 2 batches of adulterants were determined by using No. 14 peak as reference. The similarity evaluation was carried out by using the TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System （2012 edition） so as to determine common peak. The cluster analysis was performed by using SPSS 20.0 software. SIMCA 13.1 software was used to conduct the principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA）. RESULTS： There were 28 common peaks in UPLC fingerprint of 10 batches of F. tikoua. The similarity of 10 batches of F. tikoua was between 0.839 and 0.935， and the similarities of the 2 batches of adulterants were 0.503 and 0.173 respectively， which indicated that F. tikoua could be distinguished from adulterants. 10 batches of F. tikoua could be divided into 2 categories by cluster analysis and principle component analysis， and S3-S5， S9 and S10 were grouped into one category， and the remaining batches were grouped into one category. 7 components with a variable importance in projection （VIP） value ＞1 were screened by OPLS-DA analysis. These 7 components may be the main components that caused the quality difference of 10 batches of F. tikoua samples. CONCLUSIONS： Established fingerprint， cluster analysis， principle component analysis and OPLS-DA can be used for the identification and quality control of F. tikoua.

OBJECTIVE To study the anti-ulcerative colitis(UC) effect of Sargentodoxae Caulis and explore its mechanism. METHODS The UC mice model induced by dextran sodium sulfate was used to evaluate the anti-UC effect of Sargentodoxae Caulis. The ingredients of Sargentodoxae Caulis were obtained according to the CNKI and PubMed website, component targets were screened by SwissTargetPrediction database, GEO gene chip was used to extract UC differential genes, then a network of "ingredients-targets-disease" of the Sargentodoxae Caulis was constructed. After screening the core targets, protein interaction and cluster analysis, biological process and pathway enrichment analysis were performed, and the reliability of network analysis was preliminarily verified by molecular docking and literatures. RESULTS Sargentodoxae Caulis could significantly improve the disease activity index score, colon shortening and colonic histopathological changes of UC mice, and had a good anti-UC effect. The network analysis found that the core components of the anti-UC of Sargentodoxae Caulis include (+)-Dihydroxyurearetic acid, Isorhaponigenin and Pinosylvin, and 63 core targets, such as EGFR, STAT1 and LCK, regulating PI3K-Akt signal pathway and cancer proteoglycan and other related signal pathways of immune anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer, and it could affect the biological processes such as amino acid modification, kinase activity regulation, cell reaction and oxidative stress to treat UC. Molecular docking and literature showed that the constructed network had high reliability. CONCLUSION Sargentodoxae Caulis has a good anti-UC effect, and its mechanism may be closely related to the regulation of intestinal immune inflammation and cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. It has the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target and multi-way.