Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of propofol on the platelet function.Methods Thirty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients undergoing elective minor surgery were allocated into two groups: propofol group (n=20) and control group (n=10). The mean age of the patients was (37?8)yr. Patients who had blood disease or had been exposed to any medication with known platelet effects were excluded. The patients were premedicated with phenobarbital sodium 2mg?kg -1 and atropine 0.01 mg?kg -1. In propofol group anesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg?kg -1, fentanyl 4?g?kg -1 and vecuronium 0.1 mg?kg -1 and maintained with 0.8%-1.2% isoflurane inhalation supplemented with fentanyl and vecuronium. The duration of operation averaged (85?15)min. Blood samples were taken from peripheral vein before induction of anesthesia, 5 and 30 min after induction and 1h after termination of propofol infusion for the assessment of CD62P,CD63 and CD41/CD61 on the platelet membrane surface by flow cytometry. Platelet count, bleeding time and ACT were also determined at the same time.Results Following the administration of propofol the expressions of CD62P and CD63 on the platelet membrane surface were significantly decreased, whereas the expression of CD41/CD61, platelet count, bleeding time and ACT did not change significantly.Conclusions Propofol inhibits the expression of platelet membrane glycoproteins CD62P and CD63 and may contribute to the impairment of platelet function.

Objective To investigate the spectrum of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in Chinese patients with Leber′s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). Methods The primary mtDNA mutations (G3460A?G11778A and T14484C) of 140 patients with LHON were detected by mutation-specific priming polymerase chain reaction (MSP-PCR), heteroduplex-single strand conformation polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (HA-SSCP), restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) and measurement of DNA sequence. The transmissibility of the patients′ stirps was analyzed. Results In the 140 patients with LHON, G11778A mtDNA primary mutation was found in 130 (92.9%), including 113 males and 17 females; G3460A mutation was found in 2 (1.4%) including 1 male and 1 female; G14484A mutation was found in 8 (5.7%) including 6 males and 2 females. Conclusion In Chinese patients with LHON, the incidence of G11778A mtDNA mutation is higher than that of G3460A and T14484C.

Objective To explore the value of CD+4T lymphocyte count in laboratory diagnosis of AIDS complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods Forty-three patients with acute tuberculosis were selected as the subjects.Among them,14 patients had typical tuberculosis(X-ray or chest CT),29 cases were atypical tuberculosis(X-ray or chest CT).43 patients were examined by CD+4T lymphocyte count,sputum smear tuberculosis acid-fast bacilli test and T-SPOT.TB(interferon-γ release test),and the results of various methods were compared.Results The The number of CD+4T lymphocytes in patients with typical pulmonary tuberculosis was (151.26±59.47)/μL,and that in atypical pulmonary tuberculosis was (69.11±19.65)/μL,the difference was statistically significant(t=5.124,P<0.05);and with the reduction of CD+4T lymphocytes,AIDS patients showed more atypical pulmonary tuberculosis.The positive detection rates of CD+4T lymphocyte count,T-SPOT.TB and sputum smear were 86.05%,16.28% and 51.16% respectively.The positive rate of combined detection of three methods(90.70%) was significantly higher,the differences were statistically significant(x2=5.123,6.023,7.125,all P<0.05).Conclusion CD+4T lymphocyte count is of great value in the laboratory diagnosis of AIDS complicated with tuberculosis,and it is worthy to be widely carried out in clinical practice.

Objective　To determine the sensitivity and specificity of using the computer-photoscreener and non-cycloplegic retinoscopy in the detection of amblyopiogenic factors in nine to fifty months old infants.Methods　Three hundred children whose ages range from nine to fifty months were screened with the computer-photoscreener and non-cycloplegic retinoscopy. With a masked standardized clinical assessment as the standard, an overall comparison of the results obtained with the two techniques revealed a sensitivity and specificity. Photoscreen images on the computer monitor screen were reviewed and analyzed immediately by two independent observers for indicators of amblyopiogenic risk factors. Simultaneously, the results were compared to the findings of a full ophthalmologic examination.Results　The computer-photoscreener revealed a sensitivity of 94.2% and specificity of 90.1%, and the non-cycloplegic retinocopy revealed a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 81.1% for the detection of amblyopiogenic risk factors, including hyperopia (+2.75 D or more), myopia (-1.50 D or more), astigmatism (2.00 D or more),anisometropia (2.00 D or more), ocular misalignment (5 degrees or more), and media opacity (1.5mm or more). Conclusion　The computer-photoscreener offers an opportunity to identify problems that limit vision, and could provide a feasible and sufficiently reliable screening technique in infants and preschool children who can be screened successfully for amblyopiogenic risk factors.

Objective To explore the genuineness of Exocarpium Citri Grandis(ECG) from Huazhou city of Guangdong province.Methods We used the method of high performance liquid chromatography to detect the naringin content in ECG from different producing areas of Huazhou city.Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis was used for the examination of genetic distance,and plasma-atomic emission spectrometry for the detection of soil elemental abundance of 8 elements such as aluminium(Al),kalium(K),calcium(Ca),ferrum(Fe),titanium(Ti),boron(B),magnesium(Mg),and manganese(Ma).The correlation of the above three parameters was analyzed by statistical software SPSS 11.5.Results Ca abundance in the surface soil layer had an obvious effect on the content of naringin,and the difference of Al and K abundance in subsoil layer was correlated with the genetic distance of ECG.Conclusion The genuineness of ECG is probably related with the abundance of phlopopitum in the soil of producing areas of Huazhou city.

AIM: To understand the effect of the RB1 gene mutation on the function of pRB (the protein product of the RB1 gene) in the patients with retinoblastoma (RB). METHODS: The genomic DNA from retinoblastoma patients was extracted. After amplification, the promoter and all 27 exons were screened by SSCP-heteroduplex method. The mutation was cloned and identified by sequencing. The effect of the mutation product on the function of pRB was analyzed. RESULTS: One missense mutations of the exon 4 of the RB1 gene was identified in the genomic DNA from RB patients. This mutation was outside the large pocket of the pRB. No mutation of the RB1 gene was found in the genome DNA of the patient's parents. This is the fourth report that there was a genome mutation located outside the large pocket of pRB in the RB patients. CONCLUSION: The amino-terminus of the pRB may be essential for growth suppression.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of thoracic electrical bioimpedance(TEB)in monitoring the cardiac function of peritoneal dialysis patients.Methods One hundred and one patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and 30 healthy persons (control group)were included in the study.Thoracic electrical bioimpedance (TEB) noninvasive hcmodynamic monitoring and echocardiography were taken to analyze the correlation between indexes.Results Echocardiography showed that left atrial diameter (LAD),left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVDd),left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVDs),interventricular septal thickness （IVST),interventricular septal thickness (PAP),left ventricle weight index (LVMI) of CAPD group were higher than that of the control group (all P ＜ 0.05),early and late wave of mitral valve flow (E/A) of CAPD group was lower than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05).TEB monitoring showed that cardiac output (CO),stroke volume (SV),acceleration index (ACI),ejection fraction (EF),velocity index (Ⅵ) of CAPD group were significantly lower than that of control group (all P ＜ 0.01),systolic time ratio (STR),SVR,TFC of CAPD group were significantly higher than that of control group (P ＜ 0.01).Correlation analysis show that left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was negatively correlated with BNP (r =-0.467,P ＜ 0.01),LVMI was positively correlated with BNP (r=0.416,P ＜ 0.01),PEP,STR and TFC were positively correlated with BNP (r =0.404,P ＜ 0.01; r =0.572,P ＜ 0.01; r=0.471,P ＜ 0.01),EF was negatively correlated with BNP (r =-0.664,P ＜ 0.01).Correlation analysis between echocardiogaphy and TEB monitoring index showed there was significant correlation between EF and LVEF (r =0.451,P ＜ 0.01),SVR and TFC were positively correlated with LVMI (r =0.232,P ＜ 0.05; r =0.284,P ＜ 0.05),SV was positively correlated with E/A (r =0.285,P ＜ 0.05),pre-ejection period (PEP) and STR were negatively correlated with LVEF (r =-0.389,P ＜ 0.01; r =-0.446,P ＜ 0.01),TFC was positively correlated with LAD (r=0.279,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion TEB monitoring can accurately evaluate the cardiac function with the advantage of dynamic monitoring and simple operation.It can partly replace the echocardiography test.

AIM: To investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the METTL4 gene which was mapped to 18p11.31, and the relationship between the SNPs and high myopia. METHODS: Genomic DNA was collected from 71 control subjects and 177 individuals with high myopia. Among them, there were 59 autosomal dominant high myopia probands (AD group), 46 autosomal recessive probands (AR group) and 72 patients non-transmitted (SF group). The exons of METTL4 gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, heteroduplex-single strand conformation polymorphism (HA-SSCP) and sequencing. RESULTS: There were 2 SNPs of METTL4 gene in high myopia individuals and control subjects: SNP7438A→C, Glu230Asp, which hadn't been reported in GenBank;and SNP131C→A, Gln310Lys. SNP7438A→C genotypes between controls and high myopia groups were not different. SNP131C→A genotypes between controls and AR or SF groups were not different, while SNP131C→A genotypes showed a significant difference between AD group and control subjects. CONCLUSION: In METTL4 gene, SNP7438A→C is not responsible for high myopia. Further studies are needed to confirm whether SNP131C→A is responsible for autosomal dominant high myopia.

We developed the recombinant green fluorescent protein gene yeast cell to screen estrogenic compounds based on two episomal vectors. In the expression vector the expression of human estrogen receptor alpha(hERalpha) was driven by 3-glyceraldehydephosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) promoter; in the reporter vector the expression of the yeast enhanced green fluorescent protein (yEGFP) gene was under the control of the estrogen response element (ERE). The vectors were transformed into yeast cell (W303-1A) to construct GFP recombinant yeast cell. Incubation of the yeast cell with various concentrations of the estrogenic compounds led to expression of the reporter gene product GFP in a dose dependent manner. Compared to other yeast bioassays, the yeast cell for environmental estrogen bioassay based on yEGFP reporter gene did not need cell wall disruption or the addition of a substrate or reagent. This yEGFP assay was performed completely in 96 well plates. So this test system can be used as a rapid and high throughput system for screening estrogenic chemical products, which has the characteristics of the sensitivity, reproducibility and cheapness.
Biological Assay ; methods ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; genetics ; metabolism ; Estrogens ; analysis ; Genes, Reporter ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effect ofhypoxia on endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in vascular intimal smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and function of VSMC of swine models of brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVM).Methods The stable swine models of BAVM were established;separation of cerebral microvascular network (RM) was performed and VSMC was selected and primarily cultured.VSMC from the above models and normal swines were divided into four groups: group A, VSMC from normal swines cultured at 21％ O2;group B, VSMC from models cultured at 21％ O2;group C, VSMC from normal swines cultured at 1％ O2;group D, VSMC from models cultured at 1％ O2.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to validate the mRNA and protein VEGF expressions in VSMC;TUNNEL was used to detect the apoptosis of VSMC, and Transwell assay was used to determine the VSMC invasion.Results (1) VSMC density in the four groups was 71.65±4.22, 158.24±9.87, 95.33±7.21 and 299.80±13.23 cells/field in group A-D, with significant differences (F=119.351, P=0.000).(2) VEGF mRNA expression quantity in the four groups was 1.93±0.77, 4.51±1.25, 2.87±1.94 and 8.03±1.74 in group A-D, with significant differences (F=119.351, P=0.000);that in group B-D was significantly higher than that in group A (P＜0.05), and that in group D was significantly higher than that in group B and C (P＜0.05).(3) The VEGF protein expression quantity of the four groups was 3.83±0.63, 6.99±1.77, 5.02±1.23 and 8.27± 1.50, with significant differences (F=117.420, P=0.000);that in group B, C and D was obviously higher than that in group A, and that in group D was obviously higher than that in group B and C (P＜ 0.05).(4) At the 24 and 48 h of culture, VSMC apoptosis and invasion number showed no statistical difference among the four groups (P＞0.05);at the 72 h, the number of apoptosis and invasion cells in group A was significantly decreased as compared with those in group B, C and D (P＜0.05).Conclusion Hypoxia can increase the VEGF expression, aggravate the apoptosis and invasion of VSMC, and accelerate the formation of vascular malformation in BAVM models.