Objective To study the effects of using the nursing intervention during the course of cure patients with depression after the stroke. Methods Divided 127 patients with depression after stroke into the treatment group(63 cases) and the control group(64 cases) randomly,the general nursing intervention and the traditional nursing measures were adopted respectively in the two groups.Compared the effects of treatment between the two groups by the questionnaires. Results Results The effects of treatment in the treatment group were significant better than those of in the control group. Conclusion The general nursing intervention can effective improve the depression of patients with stroke,and then ameliorate their quality of life,shorten the time of recovery.

Objective To explore the potential mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods Forty-five C57/BL6 male mice were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, IRI group, and IRI+MSCs group, with 15 mice in each group. The IRI-induced AKI model in mice was reproduced by clamping both renal pedicles for 35 minutes. In the sham group, both kidneys were exposed, but their pedicles were not clamped. Six hours after reperfusion, mice in IRI+MSCs group received 100 μL of MSCs (1×104 /μL) isolated from the bone marrow from C57/BL6 mice via tail vein, while the mice in the IRI group received same amount of normal saline. Blood samples were harvested at 48 hours after reperfusion, and levels of serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined. The changes in renal pathology were observed by microscopy with PAS staining, and the tubular injury and acute tubular necrosis (ATN) scores were calculated. The number of leukocytes (CD45+) infiltrated in kidney at 24 hours and 72 hours after reperfusion was measured with flow cytometry. The number of neutrophils (Ly-6G+) and macrophages (F4/80+) infiltrated in kidneys at 24 hours and 72 hours after reperfusion was determined by immunofluorescence. Results There was significant increase in the related parameters in IRI group compared with those of sham group. The levels of SCr (μmol/L) and BUN (mmol/L) were 180.3±8.8 vs. 9.7±3.5, and 1 121.1±8.3 vs. 9.4±2.3, both P < 0.01. The score of tubular injury was 4.80±0.55 vs. 0 at 48 hours after reperfusion. The quantity of leukocyte (CD45+) infiltration in kidney at 24 hours and 72 hours after reperfusion was increased (×105 cells/g: 60.50±2.56 vs. 19.46±4.83, 42.00±1.87 vs. 14.70±3.74, both P < 0.01), and the number of neutrophils (Ly-6G+) and macrophages (F4/80+) infiltrated in kidney at 24 hours and 72 hours after reperfusion was also increase although the number of leukocytes infiltrated in kidney was significantly lower at 72 hours after reperfusion than that at 24 hours. There was significant lowering of the levels of SCr and BUN [SCr (μmol/L): 99.0±8.0 vs. 180.3±8.8, BUN (mmol/L): 84.5±7.6 vs. 112.1±8.3, both P < 0.01] in IRI+MSCs group, compared to IRI group. For the degree of tubular necrosis in two groups, the tubular injury scores were 2.60±0.55 vs. 4.80±0.55 (P < 0.05). The number of leukocytes infiltrated in kidney at 24 hours and 72 hours after reperfusion (×105 cells/g) were 24.20±4.53 vs. 60.50±2.56, 31.70±3.15 vs. 42.00±1.87 (both P < 0.01). The number of neutrophils was lowered despite (the number of macrophages was increased). However, the number of infiltrated leukocytes was significantly more in IRI+MSCs group at 72 hours than that at 24 hours (×105 cells/g: 31.70±3.15 vs. 24.20±4.53, P < 0.05). Conclusion MSCs could protect against IRI induced AKI by reducing the total number of leuckocytes, especially that of the neutrophils infiltrating into ischemic kidney and by recruiting macrophages into ischemic kidney.

To investigate the cellular immunity abnormalities of patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA), peripheral blood lymphocytes subpopulations, interleukin 2 (IL-2) production and natural killer (NK) cell activity were determined in 9 patients with RA. The results showed that there were a remarkable decrease in NK cell activity and poor response to IL-2 stimlulation. IL-2 production and.the expression of membrane-bound IL-2 receptor were increased in RA patients. The percentage of T4 positive cells and the ratio of T4/T8 were also increased in patients with RA. The results indicate that there are severe cellular immunity abnormalities in patients with RA.

Objective To strengthen the training effect of the neuro-interventional surgeons using staged target teaching method. Methods A total of 39 neurosurgeons from all over the country were trained at the Department of Interventional Radiology,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University from March 2012 to March 2013. In the one-year training period,the training was divided into 4 stages (each stage for 3 months). All the learning contents were phased to focus on teaching and set the target at each stage,which had a clear purpose. Questionnaires were sent to the refresher doctors at 6 months and 12 months after they returned to their original work in order to obtain the conditions about their independent work after training. Results All the 39 neurosurgeons achieved their desired goal from theory to practical operation. They mastered the holistic treatment principles of ischemic cerebrovascular disease and were familiar with and mastered the whole brain DSA and stenting techniques. At the fourth stage,as an operator, everyone had finished at least 5 extracranial artery stentings. The recovered questionnaires after the end of training showed that 95. 8%(23/24)neurosurgeons were able to perform whole brain DSA independently and held≥5 surgeries monthly;87. 5%(21/24)neurosurgeons could complete stenting independently (1 patient/month). Conclusion The staged target teaching method is a practical and effective teaching means for special technical training of neurointervention.

Objective To clarify the role of syk kinase in inflammasome activation in mouse peritoneal macrophages during Listeria monocytogenes (LM) infection. Methods Murine peritoneal macrophages were randomly divided into BAY treatment group, SB treatment group, WO treatment group, no treatment group and negative control group (NI). There were three wells in each group. The syk inhibitor BAY 117082, P38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 and PI3K inhibitor wotamine were used to treat murine peritoneal macrophages for 1h in BAY treatment group, SB treatment group and WO treatment group. Murine peritoneal macrophages were infected with LM for 24 h except NI group. The protein level of interleukin (IL)-18 in the supernatant was detected by ELISA kit. The activation condition of key molecule ASC in the infected-macrophages cyto-plasm was observed under fluorescence microscope. The phosphorylation levels of syk protein kinase at different time points during LM infection were determined by Western blot assay. Results There was no significant difference in IL-18 protein level before and after BAY treatment in NI group (P>0.05). The IL-18 protein level was significantly lower after LM infec-tion in BAY treatment group compared with that in no treatment group (P<0.05). In contrast, there was no significant differ-ence in IL-18 production between SB treatment group, WO treatment and no treatment group (P>0.05). Meanwhile, the per-centage of ASC-speck positive cells was obviously diminished in BAY treatment group compared with that in no treatment group (P<0.01). The phosphorylation levels of syk were significantly increased in 5 min, 15 min and 30 min post-infection. Conclusion Syk kinase signaling is involved in the inflammasomes activation upon Listeria monocytogenes infection in mu-rine macrophages.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of serum SCC, NSE, CEA, and CYFRA21-1 for lung cancer patients.Methods" The levels of SCC, NSE, CEA, and CYFRA21-1 were detected by electrochemoluminescence immuno-assay in 132 lung cancer patients, 48 patients with benign lung diseases and 92 healthy people.Results: The levels of NSE, CEA, and CYFRA21-1 in patients with lung cancer were higher than those in patients with benign lung diseases and in.normal controls.The level of SCC in patients with lung cancer was higher than that in normal controls.The levels of CEA and CYFRA21-1 in patients with benign lung disease were higher than those in normal controls.Patients with adenocarci-noma had the highest level of GEA and patients with small cell lung cancer had the highest level of NSE.Patients with squamous cell carcinoma had the highest levels of SCC and CYFRA21-1.The sensitivity sequence of the tumor markers in lung cancer was: NSE>CEA>CYFRA21-1>SCC.CEA showed the highest sensitivity of about 58.8% in adenocarcinoma.CYFRA21-1 showed the highest sensitivity of about 71.4% in squamous cell carcinoma.NSE showed the highest sensitivi-ty of about 50% in small cell lung cancer.ROC curves showed that the under-curve area of NSE, CEA, and CYFRA21-1was 0.928±0.034, 0.957±0.026, and 0.964±0.023, respectively.The combination of NSE, CEA, and CYFRA21-1 presented with the highest sensitivity (75.6%) and good specificity (90.7%) for the diagnosis of lung cancer.The combination of SCC, NSE, and CEA detection presented with the highest sensitivity (73.5%) for the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma.The combina-tion of NSE, CEA, and CYFRA21-1 showed the highest sensitivity (87.5%) for the diagnosis of squamous call carcinoma.The combination of SCC, NSE, and CYFRA2.1-1 showed the highest sensitivity (75.0%) for the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer.Conclusion: The assay of SCC, NSE, CEA and CYFRA21-1 is useful for the diagnosis of lung cancer and the ex-pression of the four tumor markers is closely correlated with pathological types.The suitable combination of tumor markers is helpful for differential diagnosis of lung cencar.

AIM: To study the effects of over-expression of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates transporter NaDC3 (high affinity sodium-dependent dicarboxylate transporter) on energy metabolism and ROS generation in human renal tubular cells. METHODS: Recombinant retrovirus vector containing NaDC3 gene was constructed and used for infecting human renal tubular epithelial cell HKC. Control vector containing Neo gene was also constructed and infected cells. Liquid scintillation method was used to determine the level of [~3H]-succinate (as a transport substrate of NaDC3) in the cells. Clark electrode method and reverse phase HPLC were used to detect oxygen consumption and ATP content intracellularly, respectively. Mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in HKC were determined with laser confocal microscope after treatment with fluorescent probe JC-1 and CM-H_2DCFDA, respectively. RESULTS: Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of NaDC3 protein in uninfected- and control vector-infected cells was at lower level. After infection with recombinant NaDC3 vector, expression level of NaDC3 protein in HKC cells was increased markedly. Transport assay revealed that the level of [~3H]-succinate in NaDC3-infected cells was noticeably increased. Oxygen consumption and ATP content in NaDC3-infected HKC were significantly higher than those in uninfected- and control vector-infected cells. Laser confocal analysis revealed that mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS level in NaDC3-infected HKC were increased, compared with uninfected- and control vector-infected cells. CONCLUSION: Over-expression of NaDC3 accelerates the speed rate of energy metabolism and increases intracellular ROS generation by transporting an overdose of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates in human renal tubular epithelial cells.

Objective To explore the mechanism of protecting cells from ischemic reperfusion injury by constructing specific small interference RNA (siRNA) to inhibit Na+-H+exchanger-1 (NHE-1) expression in human renal tubular epithelial cell (HKC). Methods The siRNA was designed and synthesized based on human NHE-1 complete sequence,and was transfected into HKC.The irrespective siRNA transfected group was used as control.The cells were treated with 10 μmol/L antimyein A to induce ischemia and anoxyaemia environment.NHE-1expression was examined by RT-PCR and Western blot.The intraeellular pH (pHi),Ca2+ or Na+ concentrations were detected by BCECF/AM,Fluo-3/AM and SBFI-AM,respectively,combining with laser eonfocal assay system.Nucleic morphology was determined by Hoechst 33342.Cellular apoptosis was examined by Annexin V/PI staining and flow eytometry.Fluorescent probe JC-1 was used to detect the change of mitechondrial transmembrane potential. Results The specific siRNA could efficiently inhibit NHE-1 expression in HKC.Compared with the irrespective siRNA transfected group,the mRNA and protein expression of NHE-1 was significantly down-regulated in NHE-1 siRNA transfeeted group (all P＜0.05).After treatment with antimyein A,the mRNA and protein expression of NHE-1 was significantly up-regulated in both groups,however,it was less than that in irrespective siBNA transfected group.At the same time,the ratio of apoptosis decreased (8.9% +2.9% vs 18.8%±3.2% , 17.4%±3.6% ,P＜0.05) and mitochondrial transmembrane potential rose significantly in NHE-1 siRNA transfected group as compared to irrespective siRNA transfected group and antimycin A group.The intracellular Na+,H+ and Ca2+concentrations increased in NHE-1 siRNA transfected group treated with antimyein A,but their levels were lower than those in irrespective siRNA transfected group with the same treatment(P＜0.05). Conclusions The synthesized siBNA can inhibit the expression of NHE-1 and can protect HKC from isehemia reperfasion injury induced by antimyein A.The mechanism might be via suppressing the expression of NHE-1 to delay intracelluar Na+ accumulation,attenuate intracellular Ca2+ overloading,and inhibit the decrease of mitechondrion transmembrane potential and reduce cellular apoptosis.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of physical violence against children (PVAC)by parents and to explore possible related factors.Methods:In two primary schools in Liaoning Province,1164 parents of pupils in grade 1 to 6 were surveyed by a self-administered questionnaire anonymously to analyze situation about PVAC and related factors.PVAC was defined as having one or more following parent-to-child behaviors in the past three months:push,or shook a child;pinch,screw,or scratch a child;hit child's buttocks with hand;hit child's hand,foot,arm,leg or back with hand;hit child's buttocks with an object;hit child's face or head with hand;hit elsewhere (not buttocks)with an object;kicked a child with a foot or hit with a fist.Results:Of 1164 parents,53.1% reported that they had minor PVAC (51.0%)or/and severe PVAC (19.8%).Multivariate logistic regres-sion analysis indicated that following factors increased the risk of PVAC:child's male gender (OR =1.49),younger age of children (OR =1.38),poor school performance of children (OR =1.85 ),mother (OR =2.09),parents'childhood physical violence victimization experiences (OR =1.53),parents'supportive or tolerant attitudes towards corporal punishment (OR =3.15),parents'lower awareness of the harmfulness of physical violence against children (OR =2.31),and lower social economic status (OR =1.47).Conclusion:The PVAC by their parents may be com-mon in the present study.Parents'supportive or tolerant attitudes toward corporal punishment and low awareness of the harmfulness of physical violence is the main risk factors of PVAC.

Objective To review the experience of multiple modality endovascular treatment for intracranial venous thrombosis, and to evaluate the efficacy and risk of endovascular thrombolysis for intracranial venous thrombosis.Methods From October, 2000 to October, 2001, 12 patients with intracranial venous thrombosis confirmed by CT, MRI, MRV, and/or DSA were treated with multiple modality endovascular thrombolysis including intravenous thrombolysis, mechanical thrombus maceration, intraarterial thrombolysis, and stenting.After thrombolysis, treatment aimed at the primary diseases was continued and warfarin was used for 6 months.The patients were followed-up for 17-29 months, averaged 23 months.Results Of the twelve patients, all underwent transvenous thrombolysis, ten underwent combined transvenous thrombolysis and clot maceration, seven underwent transvenous infusion of urokinase combined with transarterial infusion of urokinase.Two underwent transvenous infusion of urokinase combined with transarterial infusion of urokinase.The thrombolysis duration was from one to three days.The infusion dose of urokinase was 800 000 to 2 900 000 IU, the averaging dosage of urokinase was less than 1 000 000 IU per day.All patients achieved from recanalization of sinuses as confirmed on postprocedural angiography, MRI, and MRV studies prior to hospital discharge.At discharge, all the patients improved neurologically, and GCS improved from averaged 12 of pre-operation to 14 of post-operation.During the averaging 23 months follow-up, no patient recurred. Conclusion Combined multiple modality endovascular treatment is an effective and safe procedure for potentially catastrophic intracranial venous thrombosis.