Through the Introduction of the visualization technology based on VREL and its application in ultrasound teaching,the teaching means has been changed,the teaching content enriched and the contact between basic and clinic knowledge enhanced,which indicates that the visualization technology exerts an important role in ultrasound teaching.

Objective To describe the design and application of a new fork interlocking in-tramedullary nail(FLN).Methods The anti-compression,anti-bendin g,anti-torsion and rigidity of the FLN were compared with those of recta ngle nail(RN),plum blossom nail(PBN),Ender nail(EN),GK nail(GK)and 8-hole plate biomechanically an d 169case of tibial fractures treate d with the FLN from September1998to May 2001were reviewed.Results The anti-compression,anti-bendin g,anti-torsion and rigidity of the FLN were similar to those of GK and significantly stronger than those o f RN,PBN,EN and 8-hole plate.Of 169cases,147were followed up for more than 3months.Among them,97nails have been removed.The average healing period was 19.6week s(11-31weeks)and the complications include 5exte rnal rotation deformities(from 10?to 15?),4valgus deformities,2varus deform ities,6shortening-displacements,16pain at the nail-entry points,1common peroneal nerve injury(healed 3months later)and 3delayed postoperative infection(1case one month later,2cases five mo nths later).The infection rate was 1.6%.Based o n Johner and Wruhs standard,the excellent ra te was 96.5%,fair 1.3%and failure 2.2%respectively.Conclusion1)FLN is an effective and convenient im plant to treat tibial fracture.2)In severely comminuted fractures an d distal shaft fractures,the distal h ole could be inserted with two transv erse screws similar to GK,which can widen its indication.[

This article introduces the way of making and using ultrasound multimedia courseware,which can improve teaching means,enrich teaching contents,activate classroom atmosphere and enhance the connection of basic and clinical knowledge.Meanwhile,the environment request of the demonstration courseware and interaction courseware as well as the necessity and significance of multimedia in ultrasound teaching are discussed.It is suggested that computer assisted instruction(CAI) plays an important role in ultrasound teaching.

Objective To explore clinical characteristic of metal-on-metal hip joint prosthesis with large heads(ASRTMXL).Methods Total hip arthroplasty(THA)with ASRTMXL was performed in 14 patients including two with ankylosing spondylitis combined with hip amalgamation,three with avascular necrosis,two with secondary osteoarthritis and seven with femoral neck fractures.Based on shortterm follow-up results,we analyzed its design characteristic and clinical properties.Results All patients walked with crotches one week after operation and began weight bearing without support six weeks later.An improvement was seen on the average range of motion of the hip including anteflexion,retroextension,internal rotation,external rotation,adduction and abduction.The mean Harris score was increased from precperative 30 points(13-50 points)to postoperative 90 points(75-100 points),with statistical difference.Postoperative X-ray showed right positions of the prostheses,normal abduction angle and anteversion angle,without complications cccurred.Condusion Short-term follow-up results show that metal-on-metal hip joint prosthesis with large heads has advantages of lower wearing,large range of motion,few dislocation and small deformation of acetabular cup.

Objective To study a rehabilitation nursing menus for neurogenic large intestine dysfunction.Methods Various nursing approaches were used for defecation dysfunction.Results and Conclusion 94.60% patients improved in the second week,which including gained more awareness,control,and spend less time of defecation.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of ocular movement disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO), and explore the clinical application of videonystagmograph (VNG) exami?nation in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MS. Methods Sixteen MS ,10 NMO and 30 control ( sudden deafness ) patients were enrolled prospectively. Ocular movement disorders including saccades, gaze fixation, smooth pursuits, opto?kinetic nystagmus and spontaneous nystagmus were evaluated by using VNG. Results The positive rate of ocular motility disorders in MS patients detected by VGN was 68.75%. The incidences of abnormalities in saccades, smooth pursuits and optokinetic nystagmus were significantly higher in MS than in control groups (P= 0.000, 0.001 and 0.001, respectively). The positive rate of ocular motility disorders in NMO patients detected by VGN was 80.00%. The incidences of abnormal?ities in saccades, gaze fixation, smooth pursuits and optokinetic nystagmus were significantly higher in NMO than control groups (P=0.000, 0.012, 0.000 and 0.002, respectively). The positive rate of ocular motility disorders was not significant? ly different in MS and MS patients (68.5%vs. 80%,P>0.05). Compared with bedside physical examination, VNG showed a notable higher sensitivity in the detection of ocular motility disorders(68.75% vs. 37.50%). Furthermore, VNG disor?ders might indicate brain lesions undetected by MRI. Conclusion This small sample research indicates that VNG is a valuable tool in the detection of ocular motility disorders as well as brain lesions in MS and NMO patients. However, its role in the differential diagnosis between MS and NMO is not confirmed.

BACKGROUND: Nasal mucosa fibroblasts are reported to involve in inflammation and wound repair of various nasal diseases by secreting a variety of cytokines and chemokines. Guinea pig is a most suitable experimental animal for the study of allergic diseases. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effective methods of isolation, culture, purification and identification of guinea pig nasal mucosa fibroblasts. METHODS: Guinea pig nasal mucosa fibroblasts were isolated by collagenase digestion, and purified by differential velocity adherence. The morphology of fibroblasts was observed by inverted phase contrast microscope, fibroblasts were identified by vimentin immunocytochemical staining, and the cell growth was detected by MTT assay to draw the growth curve. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under inverted phase contrast microscope, there were cells with different shapes in the primary nasal mucosa fibroblasts, most of which showed spindle-like and applanate shape, and cells were scattered distribution in cluster. The purified fibroblasts were homogeneous, mainly were long spindle-shaped, and distributed in fish shoal-like and radial-like. (2) Immunocytochemical staining indicated that fibroblasts were positive for vimentin. (3) The cell growth curve appeared to be typical S-shaped. (4) To conclude, the isolated and cultured cells exhibit typical biological characteristics of fibroblasts.

Atherosclerosis(AS)is a common cardiovascular disease,and its treatment and prevention have been the focus of medical research.AS an emerging technology,nanotechnology has unique advantages and plays an important role in the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of AS.This paper reviews the latest research on the application of nanotechnology in AS diseases,systematically discusses the role of nanotechnology in the diag-nosis and treatment of AS,and comprehensively analyzes the effects of nano-drug carriers based on different sur-face trimmers,loading diagnostic and therapeutic drugs so as to monitordisease progression of AS and its targeted treatment.The aim is to provide new thought for the clinical treatment of AS.