Objective: To improve the traditional preparation procedure of effervescent tablets in order to raise stabilization. Methods: The orthogonal design was used for improvement of process. Results: The optimum procedure condition was A 3B 2C 1. That is adding 7.5% citric acid, 11.25% sodium bicarbonate encapsulated by 5% PEG. Conclusion: The new procedure is superior to the traditional procedure, and it is suitable for the requirement of production on a large scale.

Objective To study the effect of specific immunotherapy (SIT) with purified humulus pollen allergens for asthma patients. Methods The humulus pollen allergens were purified partially by gelatin filtration. A double-blinded study was carried out. Eight-six patients with seasonal humulus pollen allergic asthma were divided randomly into two groups: observation group (group A) and control group (group B), which were administered SIT with purified or crude humulus pollen allergens, respectively, before the allergic season for half a year. The clinical effect and side effects were observed. The laboratory observation norms included T lymphocyte subpopulation, the wheals’diameter of IT, the average index of HBDT and the specific IgE before and after SIT . Results The general effect of SIT with purified allergens in group A was 90.7% (39/43), and that with crude allergens in group B was 79.1% (34/43) (P

Objective To purify and identif y Platanus acerifoli wild pollen. Methods We carried out intracutaneous test with Platanus pollen extract in 30 patients with allergic as thma who visited our hospital from March to May 2003. Seven subjects who had bee n diagnosed as having Platanus pollen-induced asthma were enrolled. Platanus po llen proteins were separated by gel filtration with Sephadex-G-100. To charact erize allergenic components, Platanus pollen extract was analyzed by means of so dium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblotti ng. Results To purity the pollen we separated Platanus poll en extract in a first purification step by using gel filtration with Sephadex G -100. Two elution peaks were observed. Twelve percent SDS-PAGE analysis showed more than 10 protein bands whose molecular mass (Mr) ranged from 16 ku to 71 ku. Six bands abundant with protein at 71, 50, 35, 39, 22 and 16 ku were observed. On SDS-PAGE, the proteins of the first peak whose Mr we re 71, 50, 35, 39, and 22 ku and that of the second peak was 16 ku. SDS-PAGE and IgG-immunoblotting analysis with seven sera showed 4 IgG-binding component s whose Mr was 50, 39, 22 and 16 ku. The protein bands whose Mr was 50 ku and 22 ku had the highest binding capacity. Conclusion The strongest activity exists in the first peak which can be the major sensiti zing components and there is mild allergic activity in the second peak which is the minor sensitizing components.

Objective To investigate the efficacy observation of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)for improving the attention in patients with infarction in basal ganglia area. Methods Sixty consecutive patients with basal ganglia infarction admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from May 2015 to May 2016 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into either a control group or a test group according to the random number table (n = 30 in each group). The patients in both groups received routine rehabilitation training,and those in the test group received tDCS therapy synchronously,and the control group received the sham tDCS stimulation. The evaluations and analyses were conducted with the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA),d2 test of attention,and event-related potential-P300 (ERP-P300),respectively in all patients before intervention and 4 weeks after intervention,and they were compared between the groups. Results There was no significant difference before intervention between the two groups (all P > 0. 05). Compared with before intervention,the ERP-P300 latencies were reduced,the amplitudes were increased after intervention in the patients of the test group and the control group (all P < 0. 05). The MoCA total scores (the test group:22. 7 ± 2. 7 vs. 15. 5 ±
2. 4;the control group:17. 2 ±2. 5 vs. 15. 6 ±2. 3),attention dimension scores (the test group:4. 6 ± 1. 2 vs. 2. 4 ± 1. 6;the control group:3. 6 ± 1. 5 vs. 2. 5 ± 1. 5),and the total completion of d2 attention test task, total scores,and concentration degree scores (the test group:295 ± 31 vs. 250 ± 45,279 ± 38 vs. 223 ± 52, 97 ± 22 vs. 75 ± 25;the control group:276 ± 33 vs. 247 ± 45,257 ± 39 vs. 211 ± 56,84 ± 23 vs. 71 ± 24) were all increased (all P < 0. 05),and all the indexes of the test group were better than those of the control group (all P < 0. 05). Conclusion tDCS contributes to the improvement of the attention in patients with infarction in the internal capsule-basal ganglia region.

Objective To observe the expression of fibroblast specific protein-1 (S100A4) in human lung cancer,and investigate roles of S100A4 in the infiltration and metastasis of lung cancer. Methods Immunohistochemical S-P method was used to detect the expression of S100A4 in 50 lung cancer tissues and 6 normal lung tissues. Results The expression of S100A4 was up-regulated in lung cancer tissues.Significant differences of the expression rates of S100A4 was found between lung cancer and normal groups (P

Objective To analyze the genotypes and homology of MSP?1 and CSP gene of Plasmodium vivax in Shandong Province,so as to provide the evidence for case traceability. Methods A total of 12 blood samples were collected from P. vivax?infected cases in Shandong Province in 2011. Parasite genomic DNA was extracted. Primers were designed according to MSP?1 and CSP gene sequences of P. vivax. Then Nested PCR,enzyme digestion,sequencing and sequence alignment,and homolo?gous analysis were performed. Results The MSP?1 gene of all the 12 samples from P. vivax?infected cases were detected with a 470 bp PCR amplification band,and 350 bp and 120 bp enzyme digestion fragments,which were identified as type Sal?1. An analysis of phylogenetic tree of MSP?1 gene showed that the sequences of 9 indigenous case samples in Shandong Province were located in the same branch,one case sample infected from India was located in the same branch with India strains. All the 12 P. vivax?infected samples covered GDRA(D/A)GQPA sequences in CSP gene,which were identified as type PV?Ⅰ. Of the CSP gene among 12 P. vivax?infected samples,10 samples of indigenous case in Shandong Province and one sample of the case in?fected in Guangdong Province were detected with both 560-840 bp and 150-230 bp PCR amplification bands,which were iden?tified as temperate zone family strain of type PV?Ⅰ. However,one sample from the case infected in India was detected only with a 560-840 bp band,which was identified as tropical zone family strain of PV?Ⅰ. An analysis of phylogenetic tree of CSP gene showed that the sequences of 10 samples from the indigenous cases in Shandong Province and one sample from the case infected in Guangdong Province were located in the same branch,one sample from the case infected in India was located in the same branch with India and Indonesia strains. Conclusion Of all the indigenous isolates in Shandong Province,MSP?1 gene is geno?typed type Sal?1,CSP gene is genotyped temperate zone family strain of type PV?Ⅰ,with a high homology found among the in?digenous isolates.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of tinnitus and provide evidence for tinnitus prevention. METHOD: Retrospectively analyzed the audiograms and the risk factors of 462 tinnitus victims who never perceived hearing loss, find the relationship between every risk factor and tinnitus. RESULT: The rate of tinnitus victims with high frequency hearing loss was the 46.1%, with low frequency hearing loss was 15.8%, with single middle frequency notch was 11.04%, with an audiogram like upset-basin was 7.58%, with normal audiogram was 14.07%, with other type of audiograms was 5.41%. The age distribution in the high frequency hearing loss group was mainly between 30 and 40 years, in the upset-basin hearing loss group was mainly older than 50 years, and in the other groups, mainly between 20 and 30 years. In the high frequency hearing loss group, male to female ratio was 158/55, in the low frequency hearing loss group and single middle frequency notch group ,male to female ratio was 14/59 and 12/39 respectively. In another three groups, the male to female ratio was nearly 1. Risk factors for high frequency hearing loss group, low frequency hearing loss, single middle frequency notch group and in the upset-basin hearing loss group were noise, fatigue, long-time musical instrument contact and ageing respectively. CONCLUSION Among the tinnitus victims who never perceived hearing loss, 86% of them have hearing impairment in high frequency area, low frequency area or single middle frequency. The rate of high frequency hearing loss was 46.01%, the major risk factor was noise, most of victims were men. The rate of low frequency hearing loss was 15.8%, the major risk factor was fatigue and nervous, most of the victims were women. The rate of single middle frequency notch was 11.04%, the major risk factor was long-time musical instrument contact. The rate of upset-basin hearing loss was 7.58%, ageing was the major risk factor.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Auditory Threshold ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hearing Loss ; complications ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Tinnitus ; complications ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether there is gender difference in the incidence and severity of tinnitus in medical staff (including doctors, nurses, and technicians). METHOD: A total of 354 people (all are medial stuff from hospitals in Guangzhou) were invited to be involved in the investigation and granted a self-reported questionnaire of tinnitus (designed by the authors; based on the scoring method of severity of tinnitus (Liu et al.). Statistical analysis on the data was performed using SPSS Statistics 17.0. RESULT: (1) The incidence of tinnitus of the sample was 43.22%, with that in female higher than in male (P < 0.05), and that in nurses higher than in doctors or technicians (P < 0.01). (2) The effect of working position factor on the incidence of prolonged tinnitus was significant (P < 0.01). However, no statistically significant gender difference was detected in the incidence of prolonged tinnitus. (3) There was no statistically significant difference of tinnitus severity scores between different genders or among different positions (P > 0.05). (4) There was statistically significant difference among the four sub-items of the questionnaire (P < 0.01), with the mean score of "occurred environment" higher than "the impact on sleeping", "the impact on everyday life", and "the impact on emotion". CONCLUSION (1) The effort-reward imbalance might be the key factor of the gender difference in the incidence of tinnitus. (2) For patients of tinnitus, improving the knowledge about their symptoms as well as levels of psychological resilience would be helpful to relieve the mental impairment of tinnitus.
Adult ; Emotions ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Medical Staff ; Middle Aged ; Sex Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tinnitus ; epidemiology ; psychology

OBJECTIVE: To probe the factors that affect the pure-tone threshold glycerol test and the distribution of frequencies in positive glycerol test. METHOD: We tested the pure-tone threshold before and after glycerol intake in patients with Meniere's disease, and then analyzed the positive rates,distribution of positive frequencies and the time when the maximum threshold changes appeared. RESULT: The positive rate of pure-tone glycerol test was 72.09%, of which the threshold descending rate was 47.67%, and the threshold rebounding rate was 24.42%; the pure-tone threshold changes of descending group and rebounding group were (17.41 +/- 9.92) dB, (13.53 +/- 4.64) dB respectively, and the differences were significant. The distribution of positive frequencies were 250 Hz, 125 Hz, 500 Hz, 1 kHz, 4 kHz, 2 kHz, 8 kHz in descending order. The maximum pure-tone threshold changes mostly appeared within 2 or 3 hours after glycerol intake. CONCLUSIONS Patient selection, test occasion and the judgement criteria may affect the positive rate of glycerol test; the positive frequencies distribute in the low-frequency region mainly; the maximum pure-tone threshold changes mostly appeared within 2 or 3 hours after glycerol intake.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Auditory Threshold ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meniere Disease ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics, pathological mechanism, diagnose, differential diagnosis and the treatment of vascular compressive vestibular neuropathy. METHOD: The authors retrospectively studied 2 cases of vascular compressive vestibular neuropathy about clinical characteristics, auditory tests, vestibular tests and imaging examine results, pharmacotherapy results and reviewed the related documents. RESULT: There were some common clinical characteristics: (1) Vertigo and disequilibrium could be elicited by any physical activity and head movement and abated with complete bed rest; (2) Symptoms and signs can't be improved by vestibular suppressant medications; (3) When taken Dix-Hallpike test, true vertigo or a spinning sensation appeared during head movement, when head skilled at any position,the symptoms disappeared; (4) The suffering lateral often showed high frequency sensorineural hearing loss ,the ABR of the suffering lateral showed prolonged inter wave latency of I-III wave; (5) Vestibular tests showed central lesion; (6) Occupying lesion can be ruled out by CT and MRI, MRI showed neurovascular compression of vestibular nerve; (7) Taking carbamazepine plus baclofen or only Tegretol orally can alleviate symptoms. A great deal of surgeries confirmed neurovascular compression of cranial nerve U as a disease entity, the offending artery mainly anterior inferior cerebellar artery. Microvascular decompression of cranial nerve VIII can successfully relieve vertigo. CONCLUSION Neurovascular compression of cranial nerve VIII is a disease entity beyond question. It's major characters were vertigo and disequilibrium which elicited by any physical activity and head movement, magnetic resonance tomographic angiography can give valuable information for diagnosis and treatment. Microvascular decompression can effectively relieve vertigo.
Adult ; Decompression, Surgical ; Female ; Humans ; Microsurgery ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Compression Syndromes ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Vertigo ; etiology ; Vestibular Nerve ; pathology ; Vestibular Neuronitis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Vestibulocochlear Nerve ; pathology