The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) in erythrocyte of 17 patients with NIDDM and 14 healthy controls were evaluated, and the relationship between SOD and G-6-PD activities and renal functions and urinary protein excretion was studied. The results showed: (1) the activities of SOD and G-6-PD were obviously lower in NIDDM group than in control (P

Objective To investigate the protective effect of Quercetin on kidneys in diabetic rats. Methods STZ induced diabetic rats were given quercetin 100 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 for 8 weeks. Urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) was measured by radioimmunoassay. The changes of creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) and glomerular protein kinase C (PKC) activities were determined. The expression of TGF ? 1 mRNA of renal cortex in diabetic rats were determined by RT PCR analysis. The glomerular changes were also observed morphologically. Results In untreated diabetic rats, Ccr, UAER, kidney weight/body weight and PKC activity in renal glomeruli were significantly increased, the expression of TGF ? 1 mRNA in renal cortex was elevated, and glomerular hypertrophy existed. After Quercetin treatment, Ccr, UAER, PKC activity and the expression of TGF ? 1 mRNA were markedly reduced as compared with those of untreated diabetic rats in 2 and 8 weeks, no significantly abnormal changes in kidney morphology were observed in Quercetin treated group. Conclusion Quercetin ameliorates early diabetic renal hyperdynamic abnormality via inhibiting PKC activity, in which inhibiting of TGF ? 1 production seems to be involved. Reduction of the PKC activity is important in preventing or delaying the development of diabetic nephropathy.

AIM:We investigated the effects of Danshen Dripping Pill(DSP) on the glucose metabolism in rats during the insulin resistant(IR) statue. METHODS:HOMA-IR was used to show the degree of insulin resistant and Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups,normal control,IR control,Pioglitazone(PIO),Danse Injection(DSZ) and DSP groups,and the model rats were given dexamethasone to induce the insulin resistant statue.After being treated for 8 weeks,the serum adiponectin concentration and the relative expression amount of Glut-4 mRNA in skeletal muscles were detected by ELISA and real time PCR,respectively. RESULTS:The insulin resistant model rats induced by dexamethasone had a series of characters with the high level of HOMA-IR,and the serum adiponectin concentration was decreased,the Glut-4 mRNA relative expression amount in skeletal muscle cell and its translocation on the plasma membrane were inhibited.The effects of dexamethasone were significantly reversed by PIO,DSZ and DSP,respectively(P

Silymarin 100mg?kg~(-1)/d was given to streptozotocin induced diabetic rats for 9 weeks. The results showed that LPO,fructosamine and the fluorescence intensities of AGEs,pentosidine,MDA adducts,HNE adducts in renal cortex of diabetic rats were significantly higher than in normal control rats. After being treated with Silymarin,LPO and the fluorescence intensities of AGEs,pentosidine,MDA and HNE adducts in renal cortex were significantly reduced than in untreated DM group.The albumin excretion in Silymarin group was significantly decreased than in untreated DM group.Silymarin may inhibit nonenzy- matic glycation and oxidation in kidneys of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and control the diabetic chronic complication.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of Quercetin treatment on diabetic nephropathy.Methods Quercetin 100mg/(kg?d) was given to diabetic rats.Urinary albumin excretion was measured by radioimmunoassay.The expression of TGF ? 1 protein and TGF ? 1 mRNA in renal cortex of diabetic rats were determined by immunohistochemical staining and RT PCR analysis.Results Quercetin treatment decreased urinary albumin excretion in diabetic rats.TGF ? 1 immunohistochemical staining and TGF ? 1 mRNA levels in Quercetion treated group was significantly decreased than untreated DM group ( P

Objective To investigate the effects and the mechanism of Danshen dripping pill(DSP,复方丹参滴丸) on the lipid metabolism in rats under insulin resistant(IR) status.Methods Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into normal control(n=8),IR control(n=8) and DSP groups(n=8).The rats were given dexamethasone(1 mg/kg) intramuscular injection once every other day to induce the IR status in the latter two groups,and the rats in DSP group were administered intra-gastrically with DSP 0.5 g/kg dissolved in normal saline once a day in the morning at 9 o′clock,and in the mean time,the rats in the normal and IR control groups were given intra-gastrically with equal amount of 0.9% NaCl. After 8 weeks of treatment,fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting insulin(FINS),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),nitric oxide synthase(NOS),nitrogen monoxidum(NO),smooth muscle depth/wall thickness of thoracic aorta were detected,and serum adiponectin concentration was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),respectively.Results After IR model was successfully established,the insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR),TC and TG were increased,the serum NOS production and NO were decreased, smooth muscle depth/wall thickness of thoracic aorta was increased significantly,and the secretion of adiponectin concentration was decreased(P

To investigate the inhibitory effects of silymarin on diabetic blood vessels chroniccomplication. Methods:Silymarin was given to streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. Rats were killed 9 weeksafter treatment. Plasma LPO, fructosamine and RBC-SOD were measured. LPO, fruct0samine, fluores-cence intensities of AGEs, pentosidine and liperperoxide adducts in aorta were also measured. Results:The early nonenzymatic glycation products-fructosamine were not inhibited, however, LPO and f1uores-cence intensities of AGEs, pentosidine,MDA and HNE adducts in aorta were more significantly reducedthan DM group. Conclusion: The results suggest that silymarin may inhibit nonenzymatic glycation andoxidation in aorta of streptozocin-induced diabetic rats and control the diabetic chronic complication.

To evaluate the prevalence and incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and associated risk factors with CHD in the elderly, a survey was conducted among old subjects aged 60 to 90 who had health examination in PLA General Hospital from 1996 to 1997. A cohort population without CHD had been followed up until 2000, and the incidence of CHD was calculated as the baseline. The incidence of CHD was calculated by person year method. The risk factors of incidence in CHD of different groups were analyzed with multiple logistic regression at the end of four observation years. The incidences of CHD and myocardial infarction (MI) of IGT and DM group were significantly higher than that of NGT group( P

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of azithromycin on ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods Sixty-four AS patients with active disease were enrolled in this study. Among them, thirty-two AS patients (treatment group)received Azithromycin treatment at a dose of 0.5 g once a day for a period of 5~7 days , and another thirty-two patients receiving conventional treatment served as control (control group). BASDAI, CRP and ESR served as the disease activity evaluation index. Results Activity indexes in two groups of in the first 4~ 20 weeks of the treatment were decreased compared with those before the treatment (P < 0.05), while a rise was found in the 20 ~ 24 week and activity indexes gradually returned to pretreatment levels. At 0 ~ 16 weeks , the disease activity index of treatment group was below normal levels but that of control group was higher than the normal level with significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion The treatment of Azithromycin can control the disease activity of AS in the long term, which would be a new proposal in AS treatment.

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and the specificity of WHO and American Diabetes Association (ADA) diagnosis criteria for diabetes mellitus (DM) in senile population and to assess the use of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) alone for the screening of DM as defined by a 2 hour plasma glucose (2hPG)≥11.1 mmol/L during oral 75 g glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and to determine optimal FPG cut point for DM diagnosis. Methods One thousand two hundred and four subjects without DM aged 60 to 90 year, who had resided in Beijing for over 5 years, were recruited, and grouped into different glucose levels by WHO or ADA criteria and analyzed the concordance and the discordance between these subpopulations. The WHO criterion for DM (2hPG≥11.1 mmol/L) was taken as the gold standard. The variations of sensitivity and specificity on ADA criterion for DM (FPG≥7.0 mmol/L) were assessed and determined the optimal FPG cut point in the seniles. Results The prevalence of DM was 3.16% and 16.28% by ADA (FPG) criterion and WHO(2hPG) criterion respectively. The sensitivity of diagnosed DM was 15.3% and the specificity was 99.2% according to ADA criterion. The coincidence percentage under the two criteria was only 15.3%. The coincidence percentage under impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was only 4.5%. The optimal FPG cut point of diagnosed DM was 5.5 mmol/L in the seniles, which was affected by gender, age, body mass index and the presence of hypertension. Conclusion There is lack of concordance between WHO and ADA criteria for DM diagnosis in the seniles. The ADA IFG criterion is not able to replace WHO criterion for DM diagnosis. The senile people with FPG≥5.5 mmol/L but