The conventional treatment options for advanced gastric carcinoma patients remain unsatisfactory in terms of response rate and overall survival benefit. Targeted therapy plus systemic chemotherapy now becomes a new promising therapeutic option. In this review we profiled important trials of international multicenter phase Ⅲ clinical studies in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma, including ToCA trial, EXPAND trial, LOGIC trial, AVAGAST trial, REAL3 trial, and granite-1 trial. These trials warrant the role of molecular targeted therapy in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that cancer stem cels play an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis, but studies on the role of gastric cancer stem cels in invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cels were rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of gastric cancer stem cels CSC-G on invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cels.
METHODS: Gastric cancer stem cels CSC-G and gastric cancer cels SGC7901 were culturedin vitro for 10 days folowed by spherical colony formation assay, western blot assay for detecting OCT4, SOX2, E-cadherin and CD44 protein expression levels in gastric cancer stem cels CSC-G and gastric cancer cels SGC7901, and Transwel assay for detecting the invasion and migration of gastric cancer stem cels and gastric cancer cels SGC7901.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Gastric cancer cels SGC7901 in RPMI1640 medium presented with adherent growth and were quadrilateral or polygonal after passage; gastric cancer stem cels CSC-G in serum-free medium presented with suspension growth, and adherent gastric cancer stem cels were spindle-shaped or round. Compared with gastric cancer cels SGC7901, the protein expressions of OCT4, SOX2 and CD44, the number of cancer cel spheres and the number of trans-membrane cels were significantly increased in the gastric cancer stem cels CSC-G (P < 0.05), and the expression of E-cadherin protein was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the gastric cancer stem cels CSC-G can be successfuly cultured in vitro, and have enhanced invasion and migration compared with the gastric cancer cels SGC7901, which play an important role in gastric cancer invasion and metastasis.

Objective To investigate the effect of Kang' ai injection and Shenqifuzheng injection on liver function of patients with advanced primary liver cancer after being performed transcatheter arterial chemomembolization (TACE).Methods 120 patients with advanced primary liver cancer were randomly divided into three groups:a control group,a Kang'ai injection group,and a Shenqifuzheng injection group,with 40 patients in each group.All three groups were treated with TACE,and after TACE the control group was treated with anti-infection,inhibiting-acid,protecting-liver function and Shuganning tablets,20 ml/day.On this basis,the Kang'ai injection group was additionally injected with Kang'ai injection,40ml/day,and Shenqifuzheng injection group was additionally injected with Shenqifuzheng injection,250ml/day.All three groups were treated for 15 days.Liver function was tested and compared at the 3rd day,the 7th day and 14th day after TACE in all three groups.Results At the 14th day after TACE,ALT,AST,TBiL,and TBA of the Kang' ai group and Senqifuzheng group [(40.35 ± 10.10) μmol/L、(37.52 ± 10.57) μmol/L、(40.13 ± 8.36) μmol/L、(45.19 ± 19.65) μmol/L in Senqifuzheng group; (40.11 ±7.31) μmol/L,(34.99±9.38) μmol/L,(32.15±6.58) μmol/L,(40.75 ± 6.79) μmol/L in Kang'ai group] were greatly improved than the control group [(61.28 ± 13.38) μmol/L,(57.53 ± 13.36) μmol/L,(68.69± 7.25) μmol/L,(67.75 ± 17.88) μmol/L],with statistical significance (P＜ 0.01).Conclusion Kang'ai injiection and Shenqifuzhcng injection both can reduce liver function damage caused by TACE,thus they can be used together with TACE for treating advanced primary liver cancer.

Objective To establish the quality control method for Bushenbanlong Tablet. Methods The content of astragaloside was determined by HPLC-ELSD. Results The linearity range was 1.44～4.32 ?g with a correlation coefficient r=0.999 9, and the average recovery was 99.69% with RSD=1.16%. Conclusion The method was simple, convient, quick and sensitive. It provide an effective method for quality control of Bushenbanlong Tablet.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of Tacrolimus(FK506)and Neoral CsA in conjunction with MMF(2.0g/d)and steroid in preventing renal allograft rejection.Methods 98 cases of renal transplant recipients were randomly divided into two groups:FK506 group(n=40),receiving tacrollimus,MMF and prednison(Pred);CsA group(n=58),receiving CsA,MMFand Pred.Results The mean follow-up time in both two groups Was 12.5 months.Acute transplanted renal rejection occurred in 2 cases in FK506 group and 9 cases in CsA group respectively.The one-year person/kidney survival rate was 100%/100%in FK506 group and 100%/94.8%in CsA group respectively.The dosage of Pred in FK506 group was lower than in CsA group.12 cases in FK506 group had stopped using Pred.Hypergly cermia occurred in 7 cases in FK-506 group.Polytricosis,gingival hyperplasia and liver function disorder dominantly occurred in CsA group.Infection Was found in 9 cases of FK506 group and 11 cases of CsA group respectively.Conclusion FK506 combined with MMF could decrease the occurrence of acute trans planted renal rejection and the dosage of Pred.The good adjustment of the dose of FK506 iS helpful for re ducing the side effects and preventing rejection.

Thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignancy in the endocrine system.Most patients cannot be cured with operation alone.The concept and implementation of multidisciplinary team (MDT) in clinical oncology attributes to improved diagnosis and treatment of cancer.MDT plays an important role in diagnosis,treatment,and post operational management of thyroid carcinoma,as well as in the application of novel techniques and translational medicine.MDT can maximize the expertise of various disciplines,strengthen inter disciplinary cooperation,and provide standardized and individualized comprehensive treatment for patients with thyroid cancer.The most important benefit of MDT is that individual patient gets the most appropriate treatment decision made by a team of experts,including endocrinologists,nuclear medicine specialists,pathologists,radiologists,radiation therapists,and surgeons.This will be of great significance to improve quality of life and prognosis,at the same time,avoid over-treatment of thyroid cancer.

(0.05). The CsA dosage and C 2 concentrations were lower in group II than in group I.Conclusion Neoral C 2 monitoring are beneficial to clinical outcomes in elderly Chinese renal transplant recipients and C 2 (concentration) is lower in elderly recipients than in young ones.

Objective To evaluate the effect of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) and pregnancy ending.Methods 27 cases of HG were treated with TPN and 30 cases with the routine infusion to adjust water electrolyte and acid base balance for the purpose of observation of vomiting stopping,time of turning ketonic negative and pregnancy ending.Results After 3 day treatment with TPN,stopping vomiting rate was 55.6%,time of turning ketonic negative was (3.1?0.84) days and neonatal weight was (3.4?0.38) kg,which was 13.3%,(5.2? 1.06) days and (2.9?0.45) kg respectively in control group.There was significant difference between the two groups (P

Objective To investigate the adjunctive therapeutic effects and safety of intravenous immunoglobin (IVIG) for treating pneumonia following kidney transplantation.Methods Sixteen cases of pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation were divided into two groups.Twenty-eight cases were subjected to IVIG therapy (0.2 g·kg-1 ·day-1) for 7-10 days besides the standard specific anti-bacterial,anti-fungal,and anti-virus treatment and regular immunosuppressive regimen with dose adjustment (IVIG group),and the control group was only treated with standard specific anti-pathogen therapy.The incidence and mortality ofsevere pulmonary infection,levels of serum IgG,T lymphocyte subsets,and creatinine in the two groups were observed.Results The effective power of IVIG group and control group was 100 ％ and 93.75 ％ (P＜0.05).The incidence of severe pneumonia in IVIG and control groups was 0 and 12.5％,respectively (P＜0.05),with the mortality being 0 and 6.25％,respectively (P＜ 0.05).The levels of serum IgG were significantly increased in IVIG group as compared with that before treatment and in control group.There were no significant adverse reactions associated with IVIG infusion.Conclusion As an adjunctive therapy,IVIG treatment for pulmonary infection can reduce the incidence of severe pulmonary infection and mortality after kidney transplantation,further increase the survival rate of patients after kidney transplantation.

Objective To investigate the influence of immunosuppression strategy optimization on the outcomes of the renal transplant recipients in the last decades. Methods Data from 404 renal transplant recipients from Jan. 1st, 2001 to Dec. 31st, 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into early transplant group (n = 260) and late transplant group (n= 144). The change of immunosuppression strategy included a low dose antithymoglobin (ATG) induction, a quick corticosteroid reduction and mycophenolate mofetil therapeutic monitoring with calcineurin inhibitor minimization. Recipients' gender,age, donor type, induction therapy, immunosuppression regime, occurrences of biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR), severe pulmonary infection and patient/allograft survival were compared between groups. A Cox regression model was used to investigate the factors that influenced the allograft survival. Results The follow-up rate was 98. 3 % in this study. The median follow-up period was 65 month (1-112 months). The proportion of ATG induction in late transplant group was significantly higher than in early transplant group (78. 5 % versus 31. 9 %, P<0. 01). The severe pulmonary infection rate was lower in late transplant group, while the BPAR rate was comparable between two groups. The allograft survival rate was significantly higher in late transplant group. Severe pulmonary infection was correlated with patient/allograft survival in Cox regression model. Conclusion The improvement of outcome in renal transplant recipients in our center is related to the optimization of immunosuppression strategy that reduces the severe pulmonary infection rate with no increase in BPAR.