Objective To evaluate the value of the StealthStation neuronavigation in the operation of intracranial lesions. Methods 22 patients with different intracranial lesions, including 14 cases of glioma, 2 cases of meningioma,4 cases of cavernous angioma,1 case of lymphoma and 1 case of metastatic cancer, were operated on with the aid of StealthStation neuronavigational system. The neuronavigational accuracy and surgical effect were analysed. Results All intracranial lesions were found accurately with StealthStation neuronavigational system, the predicted accuracy (PA) value was 2.53?0.73mm, accuracy sphere of intracranial lesions in the neuronavigational system was within 2mm in all patients. 13 cases out of 14 gliomas were totally removed under microscope, in 1 case removal was subtotal. In 2 patients, neurological symptoms became worse immediately after the operation but improved within 3 months after the operation. The other 12 patients recovered very well. In another 8 cases total removal under microscopy was successful, but one lymphoma patient showed exacerbation of neurological symptoms immediately after operation, but improved within 1 week after operation. The other 7 cases recovered very well. Conclusion The StealthStation neuronavigational system is reliable and accurate in neurosurgical operation, thus it is helpful to facilitate total resection of intracranial lesions with less operative complications.

Objective To observe the dynamic changes in neuroglobin (NGB) expression in cerebral cortex and hippocampus after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils. Methods The global cerebral ischemia of gerbils was induced by clamping bilateral carotid arteries for 20 minutes, then they were released to allow reperfusion for 2h, 8h, 16h, 24h, 48h and 72h. The NGB expression in cerebral cortex and hippocampus was measured with immunohistochemical methods coupled with computer-assisted image analysis. Results The changes in NGB expression were different in cerebral cortex and in the hippocampus. NGB protein was up-regulated from 16h to 48h after ischemia-reperfusion insult to cerebral cortex, whereas it was down-regulated hippocampus. Conclusion The different expressions of NGB in cerebral cortex and hippocampus are suggestive of compensatory and repair mechanisms in ischemia-damaged neurons after transient global cerebral ischemia. The increased expression of endogenous NGB in the brain after ischemia-reperfusion may be associated with the protective response to ischemic damage.

Objective In order to explore the localization of NGB protein in spinal cord of adult rat. Methods Spinal cord of adult rat was used to make frozen section. The localization of NGB protein in the spinal cord of adult rat was examined by immunohistochemistry method. Results NGB protein immunoreactive cells were mainly distributed in the gray matter of spinal cord, including in the ventral horn, intermediate zone and dorsal horn. NGB-immunoreactive product located in the plasm of neurons.Conclusion The results indicated that NGB widely expressed in the neurons of spinal cord, suggested that NGB might play an important role in the physiological function of the spinal cord.

Objective:To evaluate the differences of clinical parameters and putative periodontal patho-gens in sites of different probing depth ( PD) reduction after non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with aggressive periodontitis ( AgP ) .Methods: Clinical examinations including plaque index , probing depth (PD), attachment level (AL) and bleeding index (BI), and full-mouth periapical photographs were collected from 20 patients with AgP .All the patients received non-surgical periodontal treatment , including oral hygiene instruction , supra-gingival scaling , subgingival scaling and root planing ( SRP ) and were followed up for 6 months post-therapy.Gingival crevicular fluids (GCF) were collected at 1 site in each quadrant before and at the end of 6 months post-therapy .Six kinds of putative periodontal patho-gens and 6 kinds of short chain fatty acids ( SCFAs ) were detected in the GCF samples .Results: The baseline clinical parameters of PD , AL and BI , the baseline concentration of succinic acid , acetic acid , propionic acid and butyric acid , and the prevalence of Treponema denticola were significantly higher in sites with PD reduction more than 2 mm sites compared with PD reduction no more than 2 mm sites [(7.7 ±1.2) mm vs.(5.1 ±1.8) mm, (6.3 ±1.9) mm vs.(4.5 ±2.2) mm, 3.8 ±0.4 vs.3.3 ± 0.8, 1.66 mmol/L vs.1.10 mmol/L, 31.67 mmol/L vs.17.78 mmol/L, 3.31 mmol/L vs.1.95 mmol/L, 84.6%vs.56.1%, P<0.05].However, there were no significant differences in the clinical param-eters, the 6 kinds of putative periodontal pathogen detection and SCFAs concentration between the 2 groups at the end of 6 months post-treatment.In sites with PD>5 mm at the end of 6 months post-thera-py , all were found with red complex bacteria infection .Conclusion:The baseline clinical parameters are important factors in predicting PD reduction after non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with AgP . In sites with deep pockets after non-surgical periodontal treatment , the active control of red complex bac-teria is recommended .

Objective: To explore the association of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in N-formylpeptide receptor (FPR) gene with the susceptibility of aggressive periodontitis (AgP). Methods: A total of 94 AgP patients and 73 healthy controls were entered into the study. Peripheral blood sample was obtained from each subject by venepuncture. Genomic DNA was isolated from each sample.The target fragment of FPR gene was amplified by PCR. The SNPs in FPR gene were detected by denature high performance liquid chromatography ( DHPLC) combined with DNA sequencing. Results: There were two non-synonymous SNPs in the 370 bp FPR gene fragment;289C/A and 301G/C. The 289C/Awas a novel SNP. No variation in nucleotides 329 and 378 was detected. There were no statistically significant differences in distributions of the genotypes and alleles for FPR289 and FPR301 between AgP patients and healthy controls. Using multivariate logistic regression (adjusted for age and gender) , it was showed that the adjusted Ors of AgP for the C~+ genotype and allele C of FPR301 combined with smoking were 5.74 and 5.20 respectively. Conclusion: The presence of the C~+ genotype/allele C of FPR301 together with smoking conferred a higher risk for AgP. The result suggests that the SNPs in FPR gene may not be associated with the susceptibility of AgP in Chinese.

Objective To investigate the level of IL-17 and its clinical significance in patients with primary Sj(o)gren's syndrome (pSS) complicated with interstitial lung disease (ILD).Methods IL-17 levels were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 53 untreated patients with pSS (25patients with only lacriminal and/or salivary gland involvement,28 with only interstitial lung disease involvement) and 15 healthy controls.The related clinical and laboratory data were recorded.ANOVA,LSDtest and Pearson test were used for statistical analysis.Results There were significant differences between the 3 groups(F=22.504,P=0.000).The mean concentration of sera IL-I7 in the patients with ILD was significantly higher than in patients with only lacriminal or salivary gland involvement (P＜0.05).There was no difference in the levels of sera IL-17 between the patients with only lacriminal and/or salivary gland involvement and healthy controls (P＞0.05).Conclusion Our results show that patients with pSS concomitant with ILD have high serum IL-17 levels,which highlight the role of IL-17 in Sj(o)gren's syndrome interstitial lung injury.

Objective:To analyze the serum IgG titers to Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ( Aa ) and associated factors in patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP).Methods:Venous blood samples were collected from 62 AgP patients and 45 periodontal healthy controls , unstimulated whole saliva and pooled subgingival plaque samples of AgP patients were also collected for the detection of Aa ( PCR method) .Serum IgG titers to Aa serotype c were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay ( ELISA) .Results:The detection rates of serum IgG to Aa serotype c in the AgP patients and the healthy controls were both 100%.The AgP patients exhibited significantly higher IgG titers to Aa serotype c than the healthy controls (11.1 ±1.9 vs.9.1 ±1.8, P<0.01).There was no significant difference in serum IgG levels to Aa serotype c and in the prevalence of high-responding patients to Aa serotype c between the incisor-first molar type AgP patients and generalized AgP patients .Serum IgG titers to Aa serotype c in the Aa-positive AgP patients ( the patients who were Aa-positive in subgingival plaque or saliva ) were sig-nificantly higher than those of the Aa-negative patients (11.9 ±1.3 vs.10.7 ±2.1, P<0.05).Con-clusion:Serotype c was the main serotype of Aa in Chinese patients with AgP .Serum IgG responses in generalized AgP patients were comparable to those in incisor-first molar type AgP patients .

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by demyelination, axonal injury, and neuronal loss in central nervous system. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal model is widely used in MS. Accumulating evidences indicate that the programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death-ligands-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway participates in pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. The authors comprehensively review the roles of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in pathogenesis of MS and EAE animal model, and discuss the potential of this pathway as a new therapeutic target for MS, to provide reference for immunotherapy research of MS.

Objective:To investigate the potential association between FADS1 rs1 74537 polymorphism and serum proteins in patients with aggressive periodontitis,which may provide benefits for diagnosis and treatment of aggressive periodontitis.Methods:A total of 353 patients with aggressive periodontitis (group AgP)and 1 25 matched controls (group HP)were recruited in the study.Genotyping of FADS1 rs1 74537 and serum biochemical indexes were tested at the study’s start.The relationships between the levels of TP,GLB,ALB,A/G and genotyping were analyzed.Results:(1 )The detection rate of allele G in group AgP was higher than that in group HP(68.1% vs.61 .2%,P=0.046,OR=1 .35,95% CI 1 .00-1 .83 );the detection rate of genotype GG in group AgP was higher than in group HP(45 .5%vs. 34.4%,P=0.029,OR=1 .60,95%CI 1 .05 -2.44).(2)In group AgP,the patients with GG geno-type exhibited significantly lower TP,GLB than the patients with GT+TT genotype [(77.08 ±7.88)g/L vs.(79.00 ±4.66)g/L,P=0.007;(28.1 7 ±7.63)g/L vs.(29.88 ±3.49)g/L,P=0.007)and the higher A/G(1 .72 ±0.22 vs.1 .67 ±0.22,P=0.040),but there was no significant difference in ALB between the patients with GG genotype and the patients with GT+TT genotype.In group HP,there were no significant differences in TP,GLB,A/G and ALB between individuals with genotype GT+TT and with genotype GG.(3 )Compared with individuals with genotype GT+TT in group HP,the AgP pa-tients with genotype GT +TT exhibited significantly higher TP,GLB [(79.00 ±4.66 ) g/L vs. (75.20 ±4.53)g/L,P<0.01;(29.88 ±3.49)g/L vs.(26.55 ±2.94)g/L,P<0.01 )and the lo-wer A/G(1 .67 ±0.22 vs.1 .88 ±0.30,P<0.01 ),but there was no significant difference in ALB. There were no significant differences in TP,GLB,A/G and ALB the between the AgP patients with ge-notype GG and the healthy subjects with the same genotype either.Conclusion:FADS1 rs1 74537 poly-morphism is associated with aggressive periodontitis.The patients with genotype GG in group AgP had relatively lower TP,GLB and higher A/G.Genotype GG might be a risk indicator for aggressive periodon-titis by reducing host defense capability and contributing to inflammatory response in the occurrence and development of aggressive periodontitis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of endoscopic surgery in combination with long-acting somatostatin analogues (SSAs) in treating patients with growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary tumor. METHODS: We performed retrospective analysis of 133 patients with GH producing pituitary adenoma who underwent pure endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery in our center from January 2007 to July 2012. Patients were followed up for a range of 3-48 months. The radiological remission, biochemical remission and complication were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 110 (82.7%) patients achieved radiological complete resection, 11 (8.2%) subtotal resection, and 12 (9.0%) partial resection. Eighty-eight (66.2%) patients showed nadir GH level less than 1 ng/mL after oral glucose administration. No mortality or severe disability was observed during follow up. Preoperative long-acting SSA successfully improved left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) and blood glucose in three patients who subsequently underwent success operation. Long-acting SSA (20 mg every 30 days) achieved biochemical remission in 19 out 23 (82.6%) patients who showed persistent high GH level after surgery. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery can biochemically cure the majority of GH producing pituitary adenoma. Post-operative use of SSA can improve biochemical remission.
Blood Glucose ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucose ; Growth Hormone* ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Mortality ; Pituitary Neoplasms* ; Retrospective Studies ; Somatostatin*