Objective:To evaluate the predictive value of the pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (pSOFA) in predicting the prognosis of infected children.Methods:We performed a retrospective analysis of children with infection or suspected infection who were hospitalized at PICU from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018.The worst physiological and laboratory indicators detected within 24 hours after admission were collected.The pSOFA and systemic inflammatory reaction syndrome(SIRS) score were used for diagnosis.Patients with pSOFA≥2 and SIRS score≥2 were included.Pediatric multiple organ dysfunction score(P-MODS), pediatric logistic organ dysfunction(PELOD-2), and pediatric critical illness score were performed for those patients who met the criteria.Survival or death during hospitalization was used to determine the prognosis, and death conditions with different scores of pSOFA and SIRS were analyzed.Receiver operation characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of pSOFA for the prognosis of children with infection.Results:A total of 755 cases were eligible for infection or suspected infection, among which 303 children were eligible for SIRS and pSOFA score ≥2, 165 cases were eligible for SIRS score ≥2 alone, 85 cases were eligible for pSOFA score ≥2 alone, and 53 cases were eligible for both.The in-hospital fatality rates of pSOFA 2, 3, 4, 5-6 and 7-9 points were 8.97%, 15.38%, 26.09%, 57.64% and 100%, respectively.With the increase of pSOFA, the fatality rate increased gradually.The in-hospital fatality rates of SIRS score 2, 3 and 4 were 3.64%, 12.64% and 4.76%, respectively.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of pSOFA was 0.74 (95% CI 0.62, 0.86), which was significantly higher than the other four scores.At a cut-off value of 4 points, it had a sensitivity of 56% and a specificity of 82% to predict prognosis. Conclusion:The pSOFA score has the highest accuracy than the SIRS score, P-MODS, PELOD-2 score and pediatric critical illness score in predicting the hospital mortality of PICU-infected children.

Objective Through detecting the levels of von willebrand factor (vWF) ,vWF-cleaving protease (vWF-cp)before and after percataneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease ,to evaluate the relationship between them .Methods According to the results of coronary angiography ,study objects were divided into control group (normal) and PCI group ( the diagnosis of coronary heart disease with PCI operation ) .Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was carrout to determin the levels of plasma vWF concentration and vWF-cp activity in plasma and statistical analysis .Results The pre-operative ,postoperative vWF levels in plasma in PCI group were significantly higher than that in the normal control group ;The plasma vWF levels after PCI were significantly higher than that in the group before PCI (P< 0 .05) ;vWF-cp level of the PCI group were lower than in the control group ,and postoperation is lower than preoperation ( P < 0 .05) .With the coronary artery lesion worsen ,the plasma level of vWF increased ,while the level of vWF-cp activity decreased .Conclusion vWF and vWF-cp levels with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis and thrombosis risk was increased in different decreased ,which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes .Changes of vWF and vWF-cp level after PCI indicate that interventional therapy can increase the risk of thrombosis to some extent .

0.05)and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were close to each other.CONCLUSION:No stereoselective differences lies in the pharmacokinetics processe of amlodipine enatiomers in the body of rabbits.

Objective To investigate the changes in the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3?kinase(PI3?K),mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)and Beclin?1 in the hippocampus of normal rats and intermittent hypoxia rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion ,so as to explore the role of PI3K/mTOR/autophagy pathway in global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury aggravated by intermittent hypoxia. Methods A total of 80 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(SO group,n=20),merely ischemia/reperfusion group(I/R group,n=20),intermittent hypoxia for 7?day ischemia/reperfusion group(IH7+I/R group,n=20),and intermittent hypoxia for 21?day ischemia/reperfusion group(IH21+I/R group,n=20). IH7+I/R group and IH21+I/R group were respectively given intermittent hypoxia for 7 days and 21 days before ischemia/reperfusion. The cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model was established by modified Pulsinelli four?vessel occlusion method. The morpholog?ical changes of nerve cells in hippocampal CA1 region were observed by HE staining and electron microscope. The protein expressions of PI3?K, mTOR and Beclin?1 of nerve cells in hippocampal CA1 region were detected by immunohistochemical staining and RT?PCR. The learning memory capacity of rats were assessed by the Morris water maze test. Results Compared with SO group,I/R group increased the never cells morphology damages,reduced the number of survival neurons,and declined the ability of learning and memory(P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that the number of PI3?K immunoreactive cell,mTOR immunoreactive cell and Beclin?1 immunoreactive cell increased in I/R group compared with S0 group(P<0.05). RT?PCR showed that the expressions of PI3?K,mTOR and Beclin?1 increased in I/R group compared with S0 group(P<0.05). Compared with I/R group,intermittent hypoxia groups increased the never cells morphology damages,decreased the number of survival neu?rons,and declined the ability of learning and memory(P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that the number of PI3?K immunoreactive cell, mTOR immunoreactive cell and Beclin?1 immunoreactive cell increased in IH7+I/R and IH21+I/R groups compared with I/R group(P<0.05). RT?PCR showed that the expressions of PI3?K,mTOR and Beclin?1 increased in IH7+I/R and IH21+I/R groups compared with I/R group(P<0.05),and the changes were more significant in IH21+I/R group(P<0.05). Conclusion Intermittent hypoxia can aggravate neurological injury after ischemia,which is related to PI3K/mTOR/autophagy pathway activation.

Objective To study the long-term results of using an autologous vascularized pedicled flap of gastric tissues in the repair of traumatic bile duct strictures.Methods From 2002 to 2016,38 patients with traumatic bile duct strictures underwent repair using an autologous vascularized pedicled flap of stomach tissues.The postoperative morbidity,mortality,long-term clinical results,liver function and the rate of biliary stricture recurrence were studied.Results The overall complication rate was 18.4％ (7/38).A delay in healing of the incision wound occurred in 4 patients,biliary fistula in 2,and ascites in 1.Two patients died of malignant tumor.The median follow-up was 92 (61 ～ 107) months and the follow-up rate was 100％.Excellent results were obtained in 97.2％ (35/36) of patients.Abnormal liver function was detected in 1 patient which improved with treatment using choleretic drugs.The remaining 35 patients had normal liver functions with absence of abdominal pain.Conclusions To repair traumatic bile duct strictures using an autologous vascularized pedicled flap of stomach tissues was safe and reliable,and good long-term outcomes are available.

BACKGROUND:At present, the methods of treating unstable comminuted radial head fractures contain open reduction and internal fixation and metal prosthesis replacement. There were success cases treated by the two methods, but some shortcomings simultaneously existed.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical therapeutic effects of replacement of the radial head with metal prosthesis with open reduction and internal fixation for the treatment of unstable comminuted radial head fractures.
METHODS:A prospective randomized control ed analysis was performed in 45 cases of unstable comminuted radial head fractures. These cases received open reduction and internal fixation and metal prosthesis replacement. This study compared the Broberg and Morrey elbow joint function score and the incidence of complications after fixation, and performed statistical analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The subjects were fol owed up for 1-5 years, averagely 2.8 years. According to Broberg and Morrey scores, the average score was 90.1 and the incidence of complications was 13.6%in the prosthesis replacement group. The average score was 76.8 and the incidence of complications was 47.9%in the open reduction. Significant differences were visible between the two groups (P<0.01). Compared with the open reduction group, prosthesis replacement for unstable comminuted radial head fractures obtained better joint function and lower incidence of complications.

BACKGROUND:Mason II type and III type radial head fractures with massive bone are mainly treated by open reduction and metal fixation, but metal implants have to be removed in the second operation, which increased patients’ travail and financial burden. Absorbable screw/rod also can be used to treat radial head fractures, and has its special advantages due to the low price and no second operation. OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical therapeutic effects of absorbable rod and Herbert screw for the treatment of Mason II or III type radial head fractures. METHODS:A total of 80 patients with Mason II and III type radial head fractures were equal y assigned to experimental and control groups. They received open reduction and internal fixation. The experimental group was treated with absorbable rod and the control group received Herbert screw. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 79 patients were fol owed up for averagely 34 months. No significant difference in average operative time, fracture healing time, Broberg and Morrey elbow scores and incidence of complications was detected between the experimental and control groups (P>0.05). However, treatment costs were lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). Results indicated that the therapeutic effects between absorbable rod and Herbert screw for Mason II or III type radial head fractures were similar. However, absorbable rod for radial head fractures can avoid the second operation for removal of the implant. Therefore, we recommend absorbable rod in the choice of internal fixation materials.

Objective To evaluate three-dimentional (3D) reconstruction technique and methylene blue staining in precise anatomic hepatectomy.Methods The clinical data of 12 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who were admitted to the Chinese PLA General Hospital from February 2009 to August 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.The 3D reconstruction of the liver tumor and intrahepatic vessels were done based on the computed tomography data and magnetic resonance imaging data.The portal vein supplying the tumor and its anatomic relationship with adjacent vessels were evaluated.Precise anatomic hepatectomy was performed guided by sustained methylene blue staining.Results The accurate rate of 3D model of the portal triad was 12/12.The shape of target segments observed after methylene blue staining was consistent with the results of 3D evaluation.Two patients received hemihepatectomy,3 received lobectomy,5 received monosegmentectomy or subsegmentectomy,2 received multisegmentectomy.The mean tumor diameter,operation time,blood loss,postoperative hospital stay and complication rate were 5.6cm (2.5-16.0 cm),(150±24)minutes,(236±25)ml,(10±3)days and 2/12,respectively.After a median follow-up of 14 months,tumor recurrence was found in 2 patients,and 1 of them died of tumor progression.Conclusions The 3D reconstruction may contribute to precise evaluation of the anatomic relationship between the tumor and its adjacent vessels.The 3D technique combined with sustained methylene blue staining may significantly improve the accuracy of anatomic hepatectomy.

Objective To evaluate the of the decision process to perform staged or synchronous bilateral percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) in the treatment of bilateral upper urinary tract calculi. Methods Patients with an indication for bilateral PCNL were enrolled in the study from Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2008. The decision to perform staged or synchronous bilateral PCNL was based on the initial side operative time, the changes of hemoglobin level and systolic arterial pressure, the results of blood gas analysis and the patient′s tolerance at the end of initial side operation. The patients were divided into two groups, patients who underwent synchronous bilateral PCNL were in group one. Patients where the PCNL procedure was stopped after the initial side and subsequently underwent staged bilateral PCNL three to six weeks later were placed in group two. The success and complication rates of two groups were compared and analyzed. Results Of 60 planned simultaneous bilateral PCNLs, nine were stopped after the initial side, due to prolonged operative time in four cases, a hemoglobin level ＜100 g/L or the decrease of more than 30 g/L in three cases, a systolic arterial pressure lower than 90 mm Hg or the decrease more than 30 mm Hg in two cases, an arterial blood pH lower than 7.35 or the arterial oxygen saturation lower than 95% in two cases or the patients were intolerant to the surgery in three cases. Between the two groups, the differences of patient gender, age, BMI, preoperative hemoglobin level, the total hemoglobin decrease, the side initiated operation, stone number and second side stone burden were insignificant. However, there were significant differences in the first operative side stone burden, total stone burden, the first operative side operative time and total operative time. The stone-clearance rate was 87.3% in group one and 88.9% in group two. There was no difference in complication rate of two groups. Conclusions Prolonged operative time, large blood loss during the first operation side and patient intolerance are the main causes of staged bilateral PCNL.

Objective To discuss the safety and efficacy of simultaneous bilateral percutaneous nephrolithotomy (SBPCNL) for bilateral renal or upper ureteral calculi. Methods Forty-eight cases (26 males, 22 females, 24-57 years )who underwent SBPCNL with pneumatic and ultrasonic power for bilateral renal or upper ureteral calculi were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data including opera-tion time, blood loss, transfusion rates, length of hospital stay, stone free rate and complications were analyzed. Results The percutaneous renal access was successfully established under ultrasonic guid-ance in all patients. The average operation time was(105±18) rain(range 80-190 min). The average drop in hemoglobin was 21 g/L (range 5-54 g/L), with 5 patients requiring blood transfusion. In 43 patients, a single stage was performed on both sides, while 5 required the second stage PCNL on one side. A single tract was adopted on both sides in 44 patients, while 4 cases of the patients required two tracts on one side. No one required two tracts on both sides or more than one stage on both sides. The stone-clearance rate was 87.5 %. The average hospital stay was 6.5 d. There was no severe complica-tion occurred. Conclusion SBPCNL might be safe and effective for bilateral renal or upper ureteral calculi for selected patients.