Objective To improve the level of the diagnosis and treatment of gastric ectopic pancreas. Methods We reviewed the data of endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) examination of gastric submucosal mass from 2000 to 2004 and analyze the EUS features of gastric ectopic pancreas. Results Among 241 cases of gastric submucosal mass, 105 cases were diagnosed as benign stromal tumors, 23 as malignant stromal tumors, 48 as lipomas,45 as ectopic pancreas and 20 as cysts. The EUS features of gastric ectopic pancreas included submucosal lesions (39 cases), clear boundary (37cases),hy-perechoic heterogenous internal echo(42 cases), hypoechoic(3 cases), echoless in the center of the lesions (32 cases). After resection,26 cases confirmed by pathology had no complications. Conclusion EUS examination is helpful to confirm the diagnosis'of gastric ectopic pancreas. Resection under endoscopiy is a an effective measure of treatment.

Objective To observe of the effects of tacrolimus on blood glucose,insulin secretion and the expression of phosphorylated AKT in rats in order to study the mechanism of diabetogenic effects of tacrolimus.Methods 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups.The rats in tacrolimus group were delivered tacrolimus at a dose of 4mg/kg· d.The rats in the control group were given the same amount of saline solution in the same way.The body weights,fasting blood glucose levels and blood concentrations of tacrolimus were measured monthly.After 5 months,all rats were killed.Pancreas and liver tissue were stored in 4％ paraformaldehyde solution.Serum insulin levels were detected by radioimmunoassay method.The expression of phosphorylated AKT in liver were measured by immunohisto-chemical method.Results ①The body weights in tacrolimus group in the 3rd,4th,and 5th month were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.01).②The blood glucose levels in tacrolimus group in the 3rd,4th,and 5th month were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05).③The insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity index in tacrolimus group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.01).④The rats in tacrolimus group showed varying degrees of damage in pancreatic duct and pancreatic islet cells.⑤The expression of phosphorylated AKT in liver cells in tacrolimus group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Tacrolimus can induce pancreatic islet cells necrosis,decrease the number of islet cells,reduce insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity,which lead to blood hyperglycemia in rats.In addition,we also find that tacrolimus can reduce expression of phosphorylated AKT in hepatic tissue,which indicates that tacrolimus results insulin resistance through interfering PI3K/ AKT signal transduction pathways.

Objective To study the effect of the VitC, bFGF, Magnesium sulfate and Papaverine in single pedicle separation flap survival. Methods The Wistar rats were used as the experimental animal. On the back of each rat, a skin flap, measuring 1.5 cm?6cm, caudally based, was elevated. Wound edges and the flap bed were separated from the flap itself by a silicone sheet. The VitC, bFGF, Magnesium sulfate and Papaverine were taken in the areas between flap and sheet. With 8 rats in each group, the drug-taken group was as trial group, while the physiological saline group was as control group. On the seventh day after the flap elevation, flap survival length was measured. Results The selected drugs could improve flap survival in some way, among which the effects of the VitC was the most distinct. Conclusion All the drugs can improve blood-flow, so it is believed the selected drugs can improve flap survival by improving flap’s blood-flow.

Objective To study the effect of different dose of VitC in the flap survival.Methods The Wistar rat was used as the experimental animal.On the back of each rat,a skin flap,measuring 1.5cm?6cm,caudally based,was elevated and separated wound edges and the flap bed from the flap itself by a silicone sheet.The VitC 30mg/ml,120mg/ml,300mg/ml were taken in the areas between flap and sheet respectively.With 8 rats in each group,the VitC group was as trial group,while the physiological saline group was as control group.On the seventh day after the flap elevation,flap survival length measurement would be done.Results The flap survival length changed with the dose of VitC.When the dose of VitC was 120 mg/ml,the maximum length was got.When the dose of VitC amounted to 300 mg/ml,the flap will be necrotic.Conclusion The effect of VitC on flap is bidirectional: suitable dose can improve its survival in some way;the flap will be necrotic along with the increase of the dose.The clinical side effect of VitC in whole body toxic effect is often noticed,such as renal toxicity,while the partial side effect is often ignored.The experiment shows that large local dose of VitC will result in side effect.So the dose of VitC should be controlled to reduce side effect.

Objective To design a new flap model using for study on effects of some drugs which would maximize flap survival,and to evaluate its experimental availability.Methods The Wistar rat was used as the experimental animal.On the back of each rat,a skin flap,measuring 1.5 cm ? 6 cm,caudally based,was elevated and separated.Wound edges and the flap bed were separated from the flap by a silicone sheet and the drug was put in the areas between flap and sheet.On the seventh day after the flap elevation,historical and physiological measurement to blood flow and skin specimens would be done.The repeatability of the model was calculated.Results Single pedicle separaration flap needed 26 rats as samples when the resolution was 10% in testing,while the back flap model(10 cm ? 3 cm ) needed 28 rats.The needed samples were 2 rats and 5 rats respectively when the resolution was 25%.So it was believed that with high repeatability,the model of pedicle separation flap met the basic principle of testing design and was suitable for the study of the same kind.Conclusion The model can be used with confidence to study the effects of drugs on the flap survival.

A stent for bloodvessel anastomosis, with a slippery, soft out layer and a rapidly soluble inner layer, is developed in this paper. The out layer is made up of the gelatin with a high purity and a low molecular weight, and the inner one of polyglycol with a molecular weight of 20000. The structure changes of the stent surface are studied with anastomosis environment simulated. The result proves that the stent can be applied to bloodvessel anastomosis

In this paper, the solution modes of two stents with different structures are compared, and then one involved is elected as the optimum stent for anastomosis. Made of PEG20 000, two stents are solid and hollow respectively. The result proves that the hollow one, with the advantages of nonblocking bloodstream, undeflected and rapid solution, low requirement for raw materials, is fitter for anastomosis than the solid one.

Objective This paper is to study a new sutureless vascular bonding method. Methods New-Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to one experimental group and one control group. 10 end-to-end bonding on rabbit femoral arteries (1.2mm vessel) were performed using the experimental technique with histoacryl glue (OB) and a central channel soluble stent. In the control group, 10 rabbit femoral arteries (1.2mm vessel) were anastomosed with the standard suture method. The patency rates and anastomotic time were recorded. The late anastomoses were evaluated with arteriograph and stoma tissue pathological section. Results The anastomosis mean time of the experimental group is 7.91 minutes and the one of the control group is 12.90 minutes. The immediate patency rates of two groups are both 100% and the late patency rates are 80% and 90% respectively. There are no haemorrhage when the clamp released and no distortion and stricture caused by sutures. Conclusion The sutureless vascular bonding method has no needs for suture needle and line, and thus the possible injuries during suture are reduced. The stent makes the vessel free from stoma stricture and binder invasion. The stoma leakage is also avoided through the adhensive. The enhanced suture speed results from the short clotting time and the hollow structure of the stent. With all the above-mentioned excellences, the method proves simple and efficient.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the X-ray,CT findings and its pathological basis of nonossifying fibroma(NOF).Methods X-ray and CT features of NOF confirmed by surgical pathology in 17 cases,and correlative study of imaging andpathology was done.Results 17 lesions were showed as eccentric and expanded destruction located in the cortex,and the remains of bone could be found inside the tumor,the lesions projecting into marrow cavity with a thin bone between the tumor and marrow.The tumors were grey-yellow or brown tissue around by the thin bone found in operation.NOF was consisted of a lot of shuttle cell and collagen fiber under microscope,some of macrophagocyte with multiple nucleuses and foam cell dropped disseminating in them,and there was not osteogenesis in the tumor.Conclusion The pathological changes of NOF can be reflected by X-ray and CT.

OBJECTIVE To study the features of isolated bacteria from sputum specimens in the patients with hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP). METHODS Identification of bacteria specimen and drug sensitivity test were performed in specimens from the lower respiratory tract of patients with HAP from Jan 2007 to Dec 2007. The test results and clinical data were analyzed. RESULTS There were 136 patients with HAP,among them the old persons who were more than 60 years old and 75% of them were infected much more than others. The main pathogens were Gram-negative bacilli (57.62%). CONCLUSIONS Gram-negative bacilli are the major pathogens with high resistance rate and the multi pathogen infection is increasing and difficult to control. To decrease the infection rate,it is necessary to use antibiotic reasonably and control high risk factors.