A general review is made of Chinese nutritional studies since the beginning at the first decade of the present century with a note on nutritional ideas recorded in ancient Chinese books.The first publication on modern nutrition appeared in 1913. Rapid'pro-gress in nutritional science was made during the years 1925-1937. Since then till the establishment of the People's Republic the advancement was slow owing to the Japanese invasion and the subsequent political turmoil. After the liberation rapid progress in nutrition research was resumed until the start of the Cultural Revolution when the "Gang of Four" set havoc to nutritional workers. For over ten years Chinese nutritional studies sufferred a setback while other countries were advancing with great strides.Past nutritional studies included nutritive values of Chinese foods, nutritional surveys, nutritional deficiencies-their etiology and therapy, nutritional requirement and allowances for various groups of peoples, during normal and emergency time, action of various ingredients of foods in health and disease and their interrelationship, effect of vegetarian diet as compared with mixed animal diet on growth, reproduction, behavior and resistance to infection and so forth.There is an urgent need to educate more nutritional workers to tackle with the numerous existing nutritional problems and also to educate the public on the importance of diet and nutrition to the health and diseases of the individuals.

Following the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, considerable work on basic nutrition research, applied nutrition and dietary therapy were conducted in various institutions. In brief advancement was attained in investigation on dietary and nutrition surveys, on dietary and nutrition requirement and allowance, which formed the basis for the first revision of the Chinese Dietary Allowances; nutrition deficiency diseases, their treatment and prevention; dietary therapy and special diets for patients of various diseases; food composition analysis including amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins and toxic substances; improvement of nutrition survey techniques; influence of cooking, storage, processing and preservatives on the nutritive values of foods; effects of environment on nutrition, etc. There were found for instances that certain algae were suitable as a supplementary food, that low doses of gamma rays radiation for preservation of foods (grain) did not influence the nutritive values nor impart any toxicity to the irradiated foods, and that the nicotinic acid in corn was found to exist in bound form and could be liberatd as free forms by simple addition of sodium bicarbonate during cooking and thus became effective in preventing pellagra. Keshan disaase, an endemic chronic myo-cardiopathy,was found to be related mainly to,a lack of sufficient selenium. The soil and foods of the endemic areas as well as the blood and hair of the inhabitants had been found to be very low in selenium content, while oral intake of small amount of selenium salt greatly lowered the incidence of Keshan disease.

Objective To explore the effect of the team of diabetes care specialists on the management of blood glucose for clinical nurses. Methods The hospital formed a team of diabetes care specialists , they designed a questionnaire of the diabetes care then surveyed the clinical nurses. According to the survey, the team organized the training program for 2 months and compared the result of the training. Result The differences of these five dimensions between before and after training were statistically significant (P﹤0.05). Conclusion The training can greatly improve the monitoring and management of blood glucose critical values and the technical of diabetes nursing.