Objective To study the antitumour, immunomodulating and enterobacteria regulating effects of exopolysaccharides (EPS). Method The suppressive rate of growth of sarcoma 180, the index of immunity, and the intestinal microflora were determined. Results (1) EPS inhibited the growth of sarcoma 180 by oral for BALB/c mice significantly. The suppressive rate at the dose of 120mg/kg bw?d was 42.7%. (2) At the dose of 120mg/kg bw?d the index of thymus and IL-2 in serum increased significantly. There was increasing trend in respect of TNF-? and killing activation of NK cell. (3) The amounts of Lactobacillus in groups treated with EPS increased significantly, and the amounts of Enterobacteriacea and Enterococcus droped significantly. Conclusion EPS had the antitumour effect in vivo, and could modulate the immune function, improve the microbial balance in the intestinal tract of tumour bearing mice to some extent. So the antitumour mechanism was probably correlated with the immunomodulating effect.

Objective To improve the knowledge and early diagnostic rate of primary small intestinal tumor.Methods From August 2012 to August 2017,hospitalized patients with pathological diagnosis of primary small intestinal tumor (excluding duodenal neoplasm) from Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively enrolled.The data of clinical manifestations,laboratory examinations,imaging,endoscopy examination,pathological findings and treatment were collected and analyzed.Results A total of 180 patients with primary small intestinal tumor were enrolled.The common clinical manifestations included abdominal pain (76 cases,42.2 ％),gastrointestinal bleeding (64 cases,35.6％),and abdominal distension (30 cases,16.7％),and 22 (12.2％) patients had no overt clinical symptoms.The sensitivity of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in the diagnosis of small bowel adenocarcinoma was 57.1％ (12/21).The diagnostic rates of computed tomography enterodysis (CTE),positron-emission computed tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT),and abdominopelvic enhanced CT were 96.5％ (83/86),100.0％ (29/29),and 91.5％ (43/47),respectively.The diagnostic small intestinal tumor patients of barium radiography (14 cases),abdominopelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (eight cases),small bowel endoscopy (18 cases) and capsule endoscopy (eight cases) were seven,six,fifteen and six cases,respectively.Among 180 patients,14 (7.8％) patients were considered gynecological tumors by imaging examination before surgery,seven (3.9％) patients underwent emergency operation because of intestinal obstruction,four (2.2％) patients underwent emergency surgery due to gastrointestinal bleeding,and four (2.2％) patients underwent emergency surgery because of intestinal perforation.Histopathological type included gastrointestinal stromal tumor (117 cases,65.0％),lymphoma (25 cases,13.9％) and adenocarcinomas (21 cases,11.7％).Except seven patients with intestinal lymphoma who received chemotherapy,the rest 173 patients underwent surgical resection.Conclusions Primary small bowel tumor has no specific clinical manifestations.It should be alert on patients without positive findings by regular gastroendoscopy and colonendoscopy examination but with symptoms of abdominal pain,gastrointestinal bleeding and intestinal obstruction.CTE should be the first choice for patients with symptoms but unclear diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the effects of probiotics and synbiotics on inflammation and microbiota of acute colitis in mice.Methods C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups randomly.Each group had 10 mice and was given 2.5％ dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) drinking water for 5 days other than the blank control group.Except for model control group,other two groups were administrated with probiotics and synbiotics,respectively.Probiotics was composed of Lactobacillus acidophilus,Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium lactis,while synbiotics was composed of the aforementioned probiotics,inulin and galactooligosaccharide.Feces of different periods and mucosa samples were collected to analyze the differences of enteric flora by 16s rDNA sequencing.Results (1) Pathological scores in probiotics group and synbiotics group were 5.40±2.79 and 7.25±2.87,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the model control group with scores 27.00 ± 7.94.Model control group,probiotics group and synbiotics group showed lower flora diversity,increased Bacteroides and decreased Faecalibacterium than blank control group.The mucosal microbiota was different from fecal flora in abundance and species for each group,and Mucispirillum was more common in mucosa.Conclusions Probiotics and synbiotics alleviate the inflammation of acute colitis in mice.Imbalance of beneficial genera to harmful genera is the characteristic of acute colitis.Supplementation of probiotics and synbiotics contributes to regulating the balance of intestinal microbiota.