Objective　To investigated the predictive value of cerebral artery stenosis combine with serum Tau protein,β-amyloid (Aβ) and cone-like protein-1 (VILIP-1) detection in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Methods　A total of 80 elderly MCI patients (MCI group) who were treated in our hospital from July 2020 to December 2021 were selected,80 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients (AD group) and 80 healthy people (Healthy group),the serum Tau protein,Aβ and VILIP-1 levels were compared among the three groups,and the differences in the MMSE score,MOCA score,ADL score,and cerebral artery stenosis between the MCI group and the AD group were also analyzed.Results　Serum Tau protein in MCI group was higher than healthy group (P＜0.05).A was lower than healthy group (P＜0.05),VILIP-1 was higher than healthy group (P＜0.05),but lower than AD group (P＜0.05).The MMSE score and MOCA score in the MCI group were higher than AD group (P<0.05).The level of VILIP-1 in MCI group and AD group was negatively correlated with MMSE score and MOCA score (P<0.05).The rate of posterior cerebral artery stenosis in the MCI group was lower AD group (P<0.05).The area under the ROC curve of the posterior cerebral artery stenosis rate combine with VILIP-1 level in predicting MCI was 0.852,which was higher than posterior cerebral artery stenosis rate and VILIP-1 alone (P<0.05).Conclusion　Posterior cerebral artery stenosis rate combine with VILIP-1 level has good application value in predicting MCI in the elderly.