Based on the objective law that the nickel ion beam can wantonly changed. NGCAAS-Ⅱis a new designed circuit used for clinical element microdetecuon on Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).It effectirely lessons the thermowidening,self- absorption of spectral line and interference of ion line,thus comprehensively improves the practical value of AAS.Its energy is 100 times bigger than the energy of square circuit. Besides,if abtains better signal-to-noise ratio and anti-interference ability.Farther more, it has better sensibility and background-correction.

Severe head injury is the main cause of disability and death. And it is one of the most concerned topics in military medical research. A great deal of achievements involving basic and clinical researches on the severe head injury have been made in recent years. Many animal models of head injury have been established.The mechanisms of brain edema, secondary brain and diffuse axonal injury have been preliminary elucidated,broadening the understanding in the mechanism of repair and clinical treatment. We analyed and summarized these achievements retrospectively in this article, the aim of which is to improve the clinical treatment result for severe head injury.

It is one of the difficulties to treat basicranial tumor by neurosurgery. A brief account of its definition, classification and diagnostic measures is given, and its surgical curative effect is evaluated.

Diseases in the vertebral canal are very common and detrimental to health. The author briefly summarizes their diagnosis and contemporary microsurgical treatment, and points out that great attention should be paid to their early diagnosis and microsurgical treatment, because they are the key measures for a satisfactory outcome.

This is a preliminary report using APPLE I type microcomputer to diagnose the nature of intra-cranial tumor (ICT). A computer program was made. All clinical data of 520 cases of intracranial tumors proved by operation and pathology were put into the computer for analysis. The cases were di vided into two groups: the 1st 120 cases were used to make a stepwise regression analysis to get a multiple linear regression equation; and the 2nd 400 cases were tested to prove the reliability of the e quation and diagnose the nature of ICT. The reliability was 85.6%.From the preliminary study, the formula that was derived for clinical purpose to evaluate the nature of ICT depends upon 7 dependent variables. It may be a supplement to evaluate the nature of ICT in early stage.

Objective To investigate prognostic factors for gastric cancer patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods The clinicopathological data of 52 gastric caner patients with liver cirrhosis operated on between March 1994 and March 2006 were analyzed retrospectively and the prognostic factors were evaluated.Significant factors were then entered into a Cox regression analysis.Results The postoperative 1-3- and 5- year survival rates for these 52 patients followed up were 78％,44％ and 33％.Univariate analysis revealed that age,Borrmann type,histology timue typing,tumor size,pTNM stage,Child-pugh grade,postoperative complications,ascites,and albumin level were statistical significance for survival rate (P ＜ 0.05 ).Multivariate analysis demonstrated that pTNM stage,Child-pugh grade,ascites were independent prognostic factors affecting prognosis( P ＜ 0.05 ).The risk of Child-pugh grade is 3.005,the risk of pTNM is 1.594.Conclusions Compared with pathological disease stage of the gastric cancer,liver function affects more on the prognosis of cirrhotic gastric cancer patients undergoing gastrectomy.In Child-pugh grade B or C cases,postoperative liver dysfunction was the main concern.While those of Child-pugh grade A should undergo standard D2 gastrectomy.

Assessing the stage of live fibrosis and cirrhosis has direct clinical implications for patient treatment options.Liver biopsy is typically considered as the gold standard, but it has limited clinical utility due to its invasiveness.In recent years, with the rapid development of CT hardware and software, CT has made important progress in the non-invasive evaluation of liver fibrosis and cir-rhosis at home and abroad.This review focuses on clinical application of of contrast-enhanced CT, CT perfusion imaging, dual-energy CT and CT molecular imaging for liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.

Coverage of the left subclavian artery is often necessary to establish an adequate landing zone in patients undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair,which can avoids endoleaks that contribute the important aspect of technical success of thoracic endovascular aortic repair.However,there have been controversial whether the routine revascularization of left subclavian artery benefits in preventing the complications in perioperative,like cerebrovascular accident,and which approach of revascularization should be taken for more advantages.In this review,the disputes have been discussed between the routine revascularization and selective revascularization of left subclavian artery based on clinic research published in recent years,and also introduce the progress in open surgery and endovascular technique of left subclavian artery revascularization.

Objective To explore the effects of postdischarge follow-up continuous nursing intervention on the psychological quality and compliance of immunosuppressants treatment in patients with kidney transplantation.Methods 157 patients with kidney transplantation post-operation were recruited,81 cases in the study group and 76 cases in the control group randomly.The control group received routine hospital discharge care and immunosuppressants treatment.The study group received postdischarge followup nursing intervention and immunosuppressants treatment.After 6 months of postdischarge intervention,the psychological quality of patients in two groups was assessed by the emotion application measure scale separately.The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale 8-item version (MMAS 8-item version) was used for the assessment of the immunosuppressants treatment compliance of the two groups of patients.Results After 6-month intervention,the patients in the study group showed better psychological quality than the patients in the control groups.There were significant differences in the various items of assessments of the psychological quality between the two groups.The high compliance percentage of immunosuppressants treatment of the study group was 45.7％,whereas the high compliance percentage of the control group was 22.4％.The differences between the two groups were significant.Conclusions Post-discharge follow-up nursing intervention to patients with kidney tranplantantion is effective for improving the psychological quality and the immunosuppressants treatment compliance and may be helpful to improve the life quality of the patients.

Objective To explore the effects of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) on apoptosis of small intestinal epithelial cells after transplantation in rats. Methods Small intestinal transplantation was performed in SD and Wistar rats. The recipients were divided into three groups: isograft group (Wistar→Wistar group), allograft group (SD→Wistar group) and allograft+cyclosporine A group (SD→Wistar+CsA group). The grafts were harvested on day 1, 3, 5 and 7 after operation. All graft samples were subjected to histological examination. The apoptosis of graft epithelial cells was detected by TUNEL method. p38 MAPK was measured by Western-blotting method and serum TNF-? was determined by ELISA. Results Mild, moderate and severe rejection reaction occurred in the SD→Wistar group, it was showed that the number of apoptotic cells increased with the severity of the rejection reaction by TUNEL. In SD→Wistar group, the numbers of apoptotic cells were significantly higher than those of the other two groups (P0.05). The expression of p38 MAPK and the level of serum TNF-? were positively correlated with apoptosis in small intestinal rejection after transplantation (r=0.875, P