OBJECTIVE :To give sonic references for improving the quality of drug use and the regulations of pharmacy in China. METHODS: In this paper. OBRA - 90 and the situation of drug use review in America are introduced and analyzed,and inadequate insurance in drug use in China is pointed out.RESULTS & CONCLUSION :The drug use review system in USA is quite successful in ensuring the safety of drug use in public, and we can learn something from it to improve the quality of medication in China.

Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome

To observe the changes in hemorheology, endotoxin and TNF ? in blood after hemoperfusion(HP) with adsorbent immobilized polymyxin B (PMB) on sepsis in rats. Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups:LPS+HP+PMB,LPS+HP and LPS. All the rats received intravenously injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, Escherichia coil O111:B4,1mg/kg). Plasma of the rats in the group of LPS+HP+PMB was passed through a column containing sepharose coated activated charcoal immobilized polymyxin B at the 4th hour after LPS injection. The treated plasma was transfused bak after being mixed with blood cells. In LPS+HP group, the column did not contain immobilized polymyxin B. The animals of LPS group received LPS only. Quantitative endotoxin determination in blood was done with limulus amebocyte lysate test,TNF ? of the plasma assayed with ELISA, and hemorheology parameters were also observed after hemoperfusion. In LPS+HP+PMB group, the concentration of plasma was significantly decreased after hemoperfusion, but it was still significantly higher than the baseline value, and there was a decrease of blood cell ratio after hemoperfusion. The results suggest that specific adsorbent could remove endotoxin in the circulation and improve hemorheology.

Conducting polymers play important roles in tissue engineering and biomaterials. This paper introduces their syntheses and applications to medical engineering.

Adult ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Optic Nerve ; surgery ; Optic Nerve Injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; complications ; Neurilemmoma ; complications ; Neurofibromatosis 2 ; complications

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of 2 mg/d and 4 mg/d of terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).Methods A total of 120 BPH patients were randomly divided into 2 groups receiving 2 mg or 4 mg terazosin per day for 2 months. Arterial blood pressure, International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS) and peak flow rate (Qmax) before and after treatment were compared while side effects were estimated. Results Forty-six patients receiving 2 mg and 54 patients receiving 4 mg terazosin completed this study. Patients' age and pre-treatment blood pressure, IPSS and Qmax had no difference between the 2 groups. The improvement of IPSS (including obstructive score, irritating score and total IPSS) and Qmax was significantly better in 4 mg group. The percentage of patients experiencing greater than 30% improvement in Qmax in the 4 mg treatment groups was significantly higher than that of the 2 mg group (46.3% vs 23.9%, P=0.02). Side effects were rare and mild in both groups.Conclusion The improvements of IPSS and Qmax are significantly greater in 4 mg treatment of terazosin than that of 2 mg with no obvious increase of side effects.

Objective To investigate the synergistic effects of 9-cis-retinoic acid(9-cis-RA) and 8-cl-cAMP on growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in H460 and H292 cell lines of non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods Experimental groups included 9-cis-RA groups(1,5,10 and 20 ?mol/L),8-cl-cAMP groups(5,10,20 and 50 ?mol/L),9-cis-RA(5 and 10 ?mol/L) combined with 8-cl-cAMP(10 ?mol/L) groups and blank control group.The cell growth inhibition rates were detected by trypan blue staining,and the apoptosis of H460 and H292 cells were observed by Hoechst33258 fluorescence microscope,DNA gel electrophoresis and flow cytometer(FCM). Results 9-cis-RA inhibited the growth of H460 cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner,and induced the apoptosis of H460 cells(P

Objective: To determine the optimal manipulation parameters in Liu's back tuina therapy for remission-stage cough variant asthma (CVA) in kids. Methods: A 5-factor 3-level L18(37) orthogonal design was adopted. The experimental factors and levels were selected: A, the number of times of Rou-kneading Feishu (BL 13); B, the frequency of Rou-kneading Feishu (BL 13); C, the number of times of Tui-pushing in a '介'-like pattern; D, the frequency of Tui-pushing in a '介'-like pattern; E, the intensity of red color after Ca-scrubbing Feishu (BL 13) with salt. A1, A2 and A3 stood for 10 times, 20 times and 30 times, respectively; B1, B2 and B3 stood for 200 times/min, 240 times/min and 280 times/min, respectively; C1, C2 and C3 stood for 50 times, 75 times and 100 times, respectively; D1, D2 and D3 stood for 150 times/min, 175 times/min and 200 times/min, respectively; E1, E2 and E3 stood for pinkish, bright red and dark red, respectively. A total of 108 kids with CVA in remission stage were divided into 18 groups using the random number table method, with 6 cases in each group. Changes in the cough score and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) level were observed after 15-day treatment. Results: The cough score and FENO level changed significantly in every group after treatment (all P<0.01). By the effect in improving cough score, the factors were listed as D, B, A, C and E in descending order; the most optimal manipulation parameter combination was group 17 (A3B2C1D3E1); the second optimal parameter combinations were group 7 (A3B1C2D1E3), group 13 (A2B1C2D3E1) and group 14 (A2B2C3D1E2). Regarding the effect in down-regulating the level of FENO, the factors were listed as C, A, E, B and D in descending order; the most optimal manipulation parameter combination was group 13 (A2B1C2D3E1); the second optimal parameter combinations were group 18 (A3B3C2D1E2), group 16 (A3B1C3D2E3) and group 14 (A2B2C3D1E2).Conclusion: Two most effective manipulation parameter combinations were selected out of 18 different parameter combinations in Liu's back tuina therapy for remission-stage CVA in kids. Doctors can choose an appropriate manipulation based on the symptom features of the disease.

BACKGROUND: Previous researches indicate that ADp14ARF transfecting positive tumor cell line of p53 can inhibit the proliferation; in addition, the inhibitory effect is superior to transfection negative tumor cell line of p53. Whether simultaneous transfection of p14ARF and p53 genes can increase expression and accumulation of p53 and accelerate apoptosis of tumor cells needs further studies.OBJECTIVE: To construct double plasmid expression vector plRES-p14ARF-p53 by using gene engineering so as to observe the inhibitory effect on proliferation of osteogenic sarcoma cells.DESIGN: Randomized controlled observation.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Public Laboratory Platform, Immune Researching Room, Basic Medical College, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 2005 to October 2006. Human osteogenic sarcoma MG-63 cells were provided by Cell Laboratory, Immune Researching Room, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. plRES-p53 plasmid and plRES vector containing p53total-length gene order were provided by Wuhan Jingsai Biology Company.METHODS: Based on gene engineering, p14DNA (0.5 kb) was amplified from cultured L02 cells of normal human hepatic cells into plRES vector. Recombinant plasmid plRES-p14ARF-p53 was determined with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction enzyme and transfected into human osteogenic sarcoma MG-63 cells through mediation of liposome to screen positive clones. Otherwise, cells were divided into three groups, including blank control group (MG-63cells), blank vector control group (stably transfecting plRES-neo cells) and p14ARF-p53 group (stably transfecting plRES-p14ARF-p53 cells). ① DNA content and cycle of tumor cells were measured by using flow cytometry before and after transfection. ② Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect quantitative and semi-quantitative expression of p53 and p14ARF protein in tumor cells after stable transfection. ③Thiazole blue chromatometry and growth curve were used to observe proliferation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① DNA content and cycle of osteogenic sarcoma cells; ② expressions of p53 and p14ARF protein in tumor cells; ③ proliferation.RESULTS: Double plasmid expression vector plRES-p14ARF-p53 was constructed successfully. ① DNA content and cycle of osteogenic sarcoma cells: Flow cytometry demonstrated that tumor cells mainly stayed in G1 phase after transfection. ② Protein expression: RT-PCR and Western blot indicated that p14ARF and p53 gene independently expressed in target cell mRNA and protein, respectively. ③ Cell growth: At 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after MG-63 transfection, inhibitory rates of tumor cells were 33.43%, 69.37%, 66.19% and 75.26%, respectively, which was significant difference as compared with blank vector control group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Wild p53 and p14ARF can synergistically inhibit the proliferation and accelerate the apoptosis of osteogenic sarcoma cells.