Objective To establish the drug resistant cell line of choriocarcinoma and to study the transfection of the human interleukin 2 (hIL 2) gene into the established drug resistant cell line and investigate the reversal of the multidrug resistance Methods The resistant cell line was established by pulse exposed choriocarcinoma cell line JEG 3 to etopside (VP 16) for ten months The recombinant plasmid containing pcDNA3 1(+) hIL 2 gene was constructed The drug resistant cell line was transfected with the constructed plasmid by lipofectin, and the tumor cell colonies containing the IL 2 sequence were selected by genetin The expression of hIL 2 and drug resistant related genes was detected by reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction The chemosensitivity of the gene transfected tumor cells and the non transfected cell lines to methetraxate, VP 16, kengshengmycine, paclitaxol and 5 fluorouracil was determined by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium cytotoxicity assay Results The transfected cells expressed human hIL 2 gene, and showed the reversal of multidrug resistance by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay The transfected cells expressed no multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) on mRNA level Drug resistance index to VP 16 decreased from 38 7 to 6 0 and 6 1, the index to methetraxate decreased from 14 5 to 2 6 and 2 5, to methetraxate from 13 0 to 2 0 Conclusion The transfection of hIL 2 gene into the drug resistance cell line of choriocarcinoma can modulate the MDR1 expression on the mRNA level, and reverse the drug resistance

AIM: To explore the feasibility of culturing human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVEC ) on acellular corneal stroma and performing the posterior lamellar endothelial keratoplasty ( PLEK ) treating corneal endothelial decompensation.
METHODS: Thirty New-Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups randomly, 10 rabbits for experimental group, 10 for stroma group and 10 for control group. Corneal endothelial cells were removed to establish animal model of corneal endothelial failure. PLEK was performed on the rabbits of experimental group and stroma group, and nothing was transplantated onto the rabbits of control group with the deep layer excised only. Postoperative observation was taken for 3mo. The degree of corneal edema and central corneal thickness were recorded for statistical analysis.
RESULTS:Corneas in experimental group were relieved in edema obviously compared with that in stroma group and the control group, and showed increased transparency 7d after the operation. The average density of endothelial cells was 2 026. 4±129. 3cells/mm2 , and average central corneal thickness was 505. 2±25. 4μm in experimental group, while 1 535. 6±114. 5μm in stroma group and 1 493. 5±70. 2μm in control group 3mo after operation.
CONCLUSION:We achieved preliminary success in our study that culturing HUVEC on acellular corneal stroma and performing PLEK for corneal endothelial decompensation. HUVEC transplanted could survive in vivo, and have normal biological function of keeping cornea transparent. This study provides a new idea and a new way clinically for the treatment of corneal endothelial diseases.

Objective To observe the electrocardiogram (ECG) of urban residents in non-endemic areas of Keshan disease in Ji'nan City,Shandong Province,and to provide scientific basis for health evaluation and prevention and control of Keshan disease.Methods From July 2014 to June 2015,ECGs of residents undertaken healthy examination in Shandong Ciming Physical Examination Center were collected,retrospective analysis was used to analyze residents' heart health.Statistical analysis was conducted according to sex and age groups,and the diagnosis of ECG was based on Concise Pediatric Electrocardiogram and Clinical Electrocardiography.Results Totally 31 753 ECGs were recorded,including 18 664 males accounting for 58.8％ and 13 089 females accounting for 41.2％,who were aged 6-78 years old,including 304 people 6-20 years old,18 861 people 21-40 years old,10 451 people 41-60 years old,and 2 137 people 61-78 years old.Totally 27 699 normal ECG (87.2％) and 4 054 abnormal ECG (12.8％) were detected,there were 2 212 males and 1 842 females in the abnormal ECG,the detection rates were 11.9％ (2 212/18 664) and 14.1％ (1 842/13 089) for males and females,respectively.The detection rate of female was significantly higher than that of male (x2 =34.082,P ＜ 0.01).The detection rate of ST-T change in abnormal ECG was the highest,which was 316.5/10 000 (1 005/31 753),men and women were 273.3/10 000 (510/18 664) and 378.2/10 000 (495/13 089),respectively.The detection rate of arrhythmia was 4.8％ (1 523/31 753),including 1 023 males and 500 females,and their detection rate of arrhythmia was 548.1/10 000 (1 023/18 664) and 382.0/10 000 (500/13 089),respectively.In arrhythmia,degree Ⅰ atrioventricular block (155.3/10 000,493/31 753),complete rightbundle branch block (81.6/10 000,259/31 753),ventricular premature beats (79.0/10 000,251/31 753),and atrial premature beats (48.2/10 000,153/31 753) had higher detection rates.Conclusion The detection rate of women of urban residents in Ji'nan is higher than that of men,the most common abnormal ECG is ST-T change,and the detection rate of arrhythmia is low.

Tumorigenesis is a complex process that is regulated by a variety of network signals. With the continuous development of the process, tumor cells gradually exhibit lots of hallmarks.Tumor cells have the characteristics of unlimited proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, evading immune surveillance, among others. As a unique organelles, mitochondria play an important role in cellular energy metabolism, reactive oxygen species producing and apoptosis process. Particularly, mitochondria have a close relationship with tumor development. In this review, we focus on the essential role of mitochondria in tumor cells development.
Animals ; Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Mitochondria ; metabolism ; physiology ; Neoplasms ; etiology ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Tumor Microenvironment ; physiology

Objective To study the healing response of a tissue engineered bone of bMSCs combined rFN/CDH-BCP in a rabbit model. Methods The biomimetic surface was achieved by immobilizing rFN/CDH onto biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic ( BCP) covalently. The effect of rFN/CDH-BCP on adhesion,proliferation and differentiation were evaluated comprehensively by using cell centrifugal adhesive as-say,MTT method,SEM,Alkaline phosphatase ( ALP) activity and alizarin red staining respectively. A rabbit lumbar fusion model was estab-lished by implanting bMSCs combined rFN/CDH-BCP into intertransverse process space of L4 ~L5 ,the fusion site bone formation was ob-served by imaging means,histological techniques was used to observe the new bone formation and distribution of seed cells. Results Cell centrifugal adhesive assay indicated the adherent bMSCs on rFN/CDH-BCP associated with the ligand density,the biomimetic surface posses-ses excellent biocompatibility. The ALP activity on rFN/CDH-BCP surface was the highest among all samples on the 10th day after induction (P<0. 05). On the 21st day,alizarin red staining showed that the oval-shaped and orange-red nodules,either the number or the area,distrib-uted wider on rFN/CDH-BCP surface. The results from X plain after 3 months revealed a fuzzy gap between material and bone bed,and higher cover rate of intertransverse process space with new bone deposition on rFN/CDH-BCP surface. Conclusion Histologically,rFN/CDH-BCP exhibited as interlacing bone trabecula bridging biomaterial suface and cortical bone of transverse process continously. The bone mass was much more than the ture BCP class. The comprehensive data reveals that when loaded with MSCs,rFN/CDH-BCP demonstrates superior char-acteristics of osteoconduction and osteoinduction,and substantially enhances healing capacity in vivo.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the autonomic nervous mechanism of acupuncture therapy in the treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy by observing the influence of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Neiguan"(PC6) on the superior cervical cardiac nerve activity and cardiac function in chronic myocardial ischemia (CMI) rats. METHODS: Male SD rats were randomly divided into control, model and EA groups (n＝8 in each group). The CMI model was established by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. EA (15 Hz, 1.5 mA) was applied to bilateral PC6 for 20 min, once a day for 28 consecutive days. Cardiac sympathetic nerve electrical activities (CSNEA), electrocardiogram (ECG) of the standard limb lead Ⅱ and ultrasonic cardiogram (UCG) were recorded for observing changes of ST segment height, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS)．. RESULTS: The CSNEA was significantly increased(P<0.001), and the hight of ECG-STⅡ， LVEF and LVFS were considerably decreased in the model group relevant to the control group (P<0.01, P<0.001), while after the intervention, modeling induced increase of CSNEA and decrease of ECG-STⅡ， LVEF and LVFS were obviously suppressed in the EA group in comparison with the model group (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: EA of PC6 can improve cardiac function and myocardial ischemia in CMI rats, which is possibly related to its effect in decreasing cardiac sympathetic hyperactivity.

It has been known for thousands of years that acupuncture can relieve pain. However, the efficacy of acupuncture analgesia (AA) now has to be reconsidered due to negative reports from western countries. In the present study, the possible correlation between caffeine and the difference in AA in China and western countries was determined using the following factors:1) caffeine and pain; 2) adenosine, adenosine receptor and caffeine; 3) AA and caffeine. As a non-selective antagonist of the adenosine receptor, caffeine at low doses can be used as an adjuvant analgesic, and can augment antinociception combined with other analgesics. Caffeine can act as an important neural modulator, and adenosine can produce antinociception when combined with the A1 receptor located in spinal, supraspinal and peripheral tissue. A preclinical study demonstrated that caffeine at moderate doses could inhibit AA efficacy following plantar incision surgery in a mouse model. Caffeine is present in various foods, especially coffee, and approximately 85% of adults in western countries consume coffee regularly. Therefore, by reconsidering the correlation between caffeine, adenosine receptor and AA, and by determining the possible relationship between caffeine intake habits and AA efficacy, these findings will demonstrate the differences in AA between Chinese and western populations.

Objective:To investigate the clinical and neuroimaging features of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) of the central nervous system and the survival prognosis in different locations.Methods:The clinical data of 27 patients with AT/RT confirmed by biopsy or postoperative pathology in Sanbo Brain Hospital of Capital Medical University from October 2012 to September 2020 were collected, including 17 males and 10 females, aged (7.6±10.0) years, ranging from 0.2 to 39.0 years old.The clinical features and the results of the first preoperative imaging examination were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into supratentorial, infratentorial and trans supratentorial and infratentorial groups according to the location.The survival time of the three groups was compared by Kaplan-Meier survival curve.Results:All patients presented with headache, including 12 cases with vomiting.There were 12 cases of supratentorial, 10 cases of infratentorial and 5 cases of supratentorial and infratentorial.There were 20 cases of cystic degeneration, 7 cases of calcification, 6 cases of hemorrhage and 13 cases of peritumoral edema.The median survival time of patients with infratentorial AT/RT was longer than that of patients with supratentorial and transtentorial AT/RT (χ 2=7.353, P=0.025). Conclusion:Central nervous system AT/RT is easy to occur in young children, and the survival time of AT/RT patients is longer.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the method to analyze γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and its precursors 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) in urine through LC-MS/MS and provide evidence for related cases. METHODS: GHB-d6 and MOR-d3 were used as the internal standard. The urine sample was separated by LC after protein precipitation with methanol. The electrospray ion source was for ionization. Each compound was detected through multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. RESULTS: The limits of detection of GHB and its precursors 1,4-BD and GBL were 0.1, 0.1 and 2 μg/mL. The accuracy was 87.6%-98.1%. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 15% and matrix effects were higher than 80%. CONCLUSION The method is high sensitive, simple, rapid, specific and with high reliability. This study has provided technical support and basic data for forensic cases involving GHB.
4-Butyrolactone/urine* ; Butylene Glycols/urine* ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Forensic Sciences ; Humans ; Hydroxybutyrates/urine* ; Mass Spectrometry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Adolescent ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diverticulum, Stomach ; complications ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Male