Objective To assess the safety and effectiveness of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(MPCNL) in treating renal stones in patients with congenital anomalous kidneys.MethodsFrom January 2000 to November 2007 a total of 41 patients with renal stones complicated with congenital anomalous kidneys,including 12 cases of horseshoe kidneys,19 cases of duplex kidneys,and 10 cases of malrotated kidneys were treated by MPCNL in our hospital.Of the 41 patients,4 had upper calyx calculi,6 had middle calyx calculi,7 had lower calyx calculi,3 had pelvic calculi,4 had the upper segment calculi in duplex kidney,12 had multiple calculi,and 5 had staghorn calculi.The largest diameter of the stones ranged from 1.0 to 4.0 cm(mean 2.5 cm).Ureteral calculi that were found in 13 of the patients were treated at one time.ResultsThe procedure were completed in all of the cases with the operation time ranged from 45 to 210 minutes(mean 95 minutes),and blood loss ranged from 30 to 150 ml(mean 80 ml).The overall stone-free rate at one session was 85.4%(35/41).One of the duplex kidney cases and two of the horseshoe kidney cases were cured by a second operation.And two of the duplex kidney cases and one of the malrotated kidney cases were treated by ESWL after the MPCNL.One patient,who had malrotated kidney,suffered massive hemorrhage(800 ml) during the MPCNL,and was cured by selective embolization of the renal artery.No severe complications occurred in the other patients.The cases were followed up for 5-12 months,during the Period no patient had recurrence.ConclusionsMPCNL is safe and reliable for the treatment of stones in patients with congenital anomalous kidneys.The treatment must be individualized in terms of the type of the renal abnormalities,and the size and location of the stones.

Objective To discuss the clinical correlation between chronic prostatitis (CP) and erectile dysfunction (ED).Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data from patients who were diagnosed as CP in urology department of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province and the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.Patients' data were collected from July 2005 to July 2012.All the patients were diagnosed as CP based on their clinical manifestation,the NIH Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index,prostatic fluid examination,routine urine examination and ultrasonography.The condition of erectile function was inquired on every patient and recorded.Results There were 4 315 patients diagnosed as CP in present study,while their age ranged from 17 to 64 years (average,31 years).Sixty-one (1.41％) patients were identified as moderate and severe types of ED (International Index of Erectile Function 5 ≤ 11),while 42 (0.97％) patients were confirmed as ED after they got CP.435/4 315 patients (10.08％)felt obviously sexuality descent after they got CP,and the sexuality was reported improved in 426/435 pa-tients after prostatitis symptomatic relief.Conclusions The incidence rate of ED in CP patients is not ob-viously higher than that in common community.And sexuality descent in patients might be caused by localindisposition and anxiety after CP.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the one-year outcomes of modified single-armed suture technique for microsurgical vasoepididymostomy in men with epididymal obstructive azoospermia (EOA).Methods From February,2012 to November,2013,microsurgical longitudinal intussusception vasoepididymostomies using a modified single-armed suture technique in 51 men with EOA was performed.The followed-up period was designed as 1 year.The correlations between the sperm motility in epididymal fluid,unilateral or bilateral procedure,anastomotic site,and the female partner age and the patency or pregnancy rate were analyzed.Results Followups were carried out for 39 (76.5％) men.The patency was noted in 24 (61.5％) men and pregnancy was reported in 15 (38.5％) female partners,including 1 received in vitro fertilization using fresh ejaculated sperm.Motile sperms in epididymal fluid were observed intraoperatively in 14 (58.3％) patent men and 3 (20.0％) nonpatent men,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).In patent cohort,the mean ages of the pregnant and non-pregnant female partners were 26.5 and 32.7 years(P ＜ 0.05),respectively.Conclusion The modified single-armed suture technique showed favourable patency and pregnancy rates in this study.It's a practical alternative in the areas without the specialized double armed suture.