Objective To explore changes of the immune function of red blood cells in gastric disease.Methods RBC C3b receptor rosette(RBCC3bRR)and RBC immune complex rosette(RBCICR)were tested in chronic gastritis group(n =103),duodenal ball ulcer group(n =75)and control group(n =30)to evaluate the immune function of RBC.Results RBCC3bRR were(20.83 ± 5.16)％ in the control group,(16.26 ±5.17)％ in the chronic gastritis group and(13.65 ± 5.19)％ in the duodenal ball ulcer group.RBCICR were respectively(7.63 ± 4.09)％,(10.59 + 4.45)％ and(10.04 ± 4.13)％ in these three groups.RBCC3bRR of chronic gastritis and duodenal ball ulcer were lower than control group(P ＜0.0l),while RBCICR were higher than normal control group(P ＜0.05 and P ＜0.01 respectively).There was no significant difference on RBCC3bRR and RBCICR between HP negative chronic gastritis and HP negative duodenal ball ulcer and between HP positive chronic gastritis and HP positive duodenal ball ulcer(P ＞ 0.05).RBCC3bRR of HP positive chronic gastritis and duodenal ball ulcer was significantly lower than that of HP negative(P ＜ 0.05and P ＜ 0.01 respectively),RBCICR significantly higher than that of HP negative(P ＜ 0.01).After HP eradication,RBCC3bRR of patients with chronic gastritis and duodenal ball ulcer was increased significantly (P＜0.05 and P ＜ 0.01 respectively).RBCICR was significantly lower than before treatment(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion HP infection,chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcer can decrease the immune function of red blood cells.

Objective To study the behavior factors associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods A total of 2038 subjects who underwent physical examination at the Department of Health check-up center,the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Qingdao University were included in this study(including 1438 cases of NAFLD).A questionnaire survey was conducted on their lifestyle and behaviors.Data of routine physical examination,ultrasound examination,liver function and blood lipid test were collected and analyzed.Results Multi-factors Logistic regression analysis showed that age (20 to 49 years) male sex,stress from work,sleep time, physical activity and diet axe among factors associated with NAFLD(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Lifestyle and behavior factor are associated with the incidence of NAFLD.

Objective To investigate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)in-308 loci of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)gene promoter region and chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods Genotypes of-308 loci of the TNF-αpromoter were examined by the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)in 142 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB group)and 150 healthy controls (HC group).The indexes for evalua-ting the curative effect were the ALT,AST,HBeAg,HBV-DNA and the viral load weight,HBV-LP and HBV-PreS1,mean-while,the correlations between related indexes and SNP in TNF-α308 loci were explored as well.Results There was no sta-tistical significance in frequency distribution difference of the genotypes and alleles of-308 loci between CHC and HC groups (P>0.05),the protective factors of TNF-α308 allele A may be not associated with CHB (OR=1.529,OR95%CI:0.872~2.684).There was no association between TNF-αgene promoter-308G/A polymorphism and the positive rates of AST, ALT,HBV-LP and HBV-PreS1 (P>0.05),however,TNF-α-308G/A polymorphism associates with the positive rates of HBeAg and HBV-DNA,and A-allele of 308 loci may increase the risk of HBeAg and HBV-DNA positive expression (HBeAg:OR=3.256,OR95%CI=1.105~9.594;HBV-DNA:OR=2.847,OR95%CI=1.059~7.655).Furthermore,A-allele compared with Gallele,statistically significant differences were observed in the certain HBVDNA viral load range of104~107 copies/ml (P <005).Conclusion TNFαgene promoter308G/A polymorphism would not be associated withCHB,but the TNFα308 gene G mutation of Aallele,which was associated with HBVDNA viral load,may be the susceptible factors of HBV infection.

9.9Log10 bacteriophage R 17 Conclusion Alkylation of the phenothiazine ring increased the potential of inactivating virus and decreased the damage to red blood cells? M007 might be an alternative phenothiazine dye that can be used to inactivate viruses in red blood cells?

Objective To evaluate the clinical results of indirect reduction and fixation with the self-manufactured external fixator as a viable alternative in the surgical treatment of intraarticular calcaneal fractures.Methods From May 2006 to May 2009,a total of 30 patients undergone surgical treatment of intraarticular calcaneal fractures were analyzed,including 20 males and 10 females with an average age of 36 years (range,15-53).According to Sanders classification based on the computed tomography scan of intraarticular calcaneal fractures,16 patients were classified as type-Ⅲ,and 14 type-Ⅳ in this series.All fractures were treated first with the external fixator as indirect reduction and fixation device on the whole,which can enlarge the interspace of the subtalar joint significantly.Then,posterior articular facet of calcaneus was exposed and reduced through a small lateral incision.The calcaneal's length,breadth,thalamus height,maximum vertical displacement of the post-articular surface,and B(o)hler angle were measured preoperatively,3 days and 6 months after operation in X-ray film.Reduction results were evaluated by CT scan according to the standard of Buckley.Results The average follow-up time of all patients was 29 months (range,4-45).Lateral and axial roentgenograms showed satisfactory restoration of the calcaneal's anatomical structure.There were significant differences between preoperative values and those 3 days or 6 months postoperatively.There were no significant differences between values 3 days postoperatively and those 6 months postoperatively.The reduction results of posterior articular facet were evaluated by CT scan.Twenty-seven patients obtained anatomical reduction,3 patients obtained uneven articular facet within 2 mm.Conclusion This selfmanufactured external fixator is a vialbe alternative in the treatment of intraarticular calcaneal fractures,which has advantages of minimal invasion,practicality and less complications.