With the advent of the aging society, there will be a wide range of applications if novel intelligent multifunctional nursing beds can be developed for hospitals, bead houses and families at the same time. By listing and analyzing existing products, this paper summarized four function categories for multifunctional nursing beds, including security assurance, treatment aid, comfortability optimization, and human-machine interaction and communication. Finally, by comparing existing functions and potential user requirements, this paper proposed four function development trends, including physiological parameter monitoring, sleep aid, intelligent temperature control, and video communication.
Beds ; Equipment Design ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Nursing Care

Objective To investigate the clinical application value of ultrasonic rapid paraffin section in intraoperative diagnosis of breast tumor.Methods Twenty-five patients of breast tumor specimens were admitted from December 2012 to December 2013,including 19 cases from surgery,4 cases from gynecology,2 cases from medical patients.Twenty-five cases were used with ultrasonic rapid paraffin section and the remaining tissues were used as conventional paraffin section,then compared the two methods.Results This study took two different ways but the same results were achieved with 23 cases,the diagnostic accuracy was 92.0％ (23/25).Two of 25 cases were misdiagnosed with the misdiagnosis rate was 8.0％ (2/25).One patient appeared delayed diagnosis,accounting for 4.0％(1/25).After 25 cases of breast cancer biopsy treated with ultrasonic rapid paraffin section,benign lesions was 20 patients,with the highest incidence of breast adenosis of 9 cases (36.0％,9/25).The malignant lesions was 4 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma in which the highest incidence,accounting for 3 cases (12.0％,3/25).Delay diagnosed 1 case of intraductal papilloma.Conclusion Ultrasonic rapid parafifin section is widely used in clinical application,with high quality and diagnostic biopsy rate and other characteristics,so it is worthy of clinical application.

Objective: To investigate the sensitization of physiological (10~(-9)mol/L) and pharmacological (10~(-5)mol/L) concentrations of melatonin on cell line MCF-7 for adriamycin and its mechanism. Methods: (1) MTT was applied to test the changes in inhibition ratio and IC_(50) of call line MCF-7 for adriamycin before and af-ter incubation with melatonin. (2) Flow cytometry was used to observe the effect of different concentrations of melatonin, adriamycin and melatonin plus adriamycin on cell apoptosis. (3) Western blot was employed to de-termine the expression of p53 and bcl-2 in MCF-7 cells incubated with melatonin, adriamycin and melatonin plus adriamycin. Results: (1) MTT method showed that adriamycin had inhibitive effect on the growth of MCF-7 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The IC_(50) of cell line MCF-7 for adnamycin before treat-ment with melatonin was 0.62±0.07ug/mL (P>0.05). The IC50 of cell line MCF-7 for adriamycin incubated with physiological and pharmacological concentrations of melatonin was 0.59±0.09ug/mL and 0.42±0.02ug/mL, re-spectively, with a significant difference (P<0.01). (2) Flow cytometry method showed that adriamycin could promote apoptosis of MCF-7, and no changes in the apoptosis index were observed as the concentration of melatonin was changed (P>0.05). With the same concentration of adriamycin, the apoptosis index of cells treated with physiological concentration of melatonin plus adriamycin was not changed (P=>0.05), but the apop-tosis index of cells treated with pharmacological concentrations of melatonin plus addamycin was increased significantly. The concentration of adriamycin had no effect on the apoptosis index. (3) Western blot showed that P53 protein was expressed at a lower level and bcl-2 protein was highly expressed. Physiological concen-trations of melatonin increased the expression of p53 and decreased bcl-2 expression in a dose - dependent manner. The concentration of addamycin had no effect on the expression of p53 and bcl-2 proteins. Conclu-sion: (1) Physiological concentrations of melatonin had no effect on the anti-cancer effect of adriamycin. Phar-macological concentrations of melatonin showed sensitization of MCF-7 cells for adriamycin. (2) With a lower concentration of adriamycin, the promotion of apoptosis may be part of the mechanism of sensitization effect of melatonin. With the increase of adriamycin concentration, the cytotoxic mechanism of melotonin became more and more important. (3) Physiological concentration could increase the expression of p53 and decrease bcl-2 expression in ER~+ breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 in a dose -dependent manner. The apoptosis involv-ing p53 and bcl-2 passway was part of the mechanism of sensitization effect of melatonin for addamycin.

Objective To explore the effects of diet and/or exercise intervention on oxidative stress of overweight or obese adolescents.Methods Thirty-one adolescents with normal body weight(normal control group)and 93 overweight or obese adolescents(average age(13.6 ±0.7)years; body mass index (BMI)22.4 to 34.1 kg/m2)were enrolled in this study.The overweight or obese participants were then randomly assigned to the diet group(group A),exercise group(group B),diet plus exercise group(group C),and non-intervention group(group D).Individualized caloric intake was carried out.One-hour afterschool exercise was performed once per day,4 days per week for 10 weeks.Changes of anthropometry,body composition,and metabolic biomarkers were determined.Results Compared to the normal control group,serum levels of fasting glucose,total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and malondialdehyde(M DA)of the in overweight group were significant increased(all P ＜ 0.05),although the level of SOD was significant decreased(P ＜ 0.05).Serum MDA level was positively correlated with bodyweight,BMI,TC,and LDL-C(R values were 0.209,0.228,0.274,and 0.263,respectively ; all P ＜0.05),and serum SOD level was negatively correlated with bodyweight and BMI(R values were-0.334 and-0.362,respectively ; both P ＜ 0.05).Group A,B and C showed a significant decrease in BMI,waist circumference and body fat after the intervention(all P ＜ 0.05).The level of MDA was significantly decreased after the intervention in group A and B(both P ＜ 0.05); the levels of TC and LDL-C were significantly decreased in group B and C(both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:Oxidative stress could have existed in overweight adolescents even when their serum glucose and lipid profiles are at a normal level.Ten-week diet and/or exercise intervention may contribute to improved body weight control,lipid metabolism,and oxidative stress response in this population.

Objective To examine the effect of aerobic exercise training on plasma metabolites in pre-diabetes mellitus(PDM)subjects.Methods Twenty-five PDM subjects were selected,and each 10 age-and sex-matched with normoglycemia and new-onset T2DM subjects were enrolled.PDM subjects underwent aerobic exercise(n=13)or health education (n=12) for 12 weeks.The aerobic exercise was con ducted 3 times/week,50 min/time at 40％-60％ of oxygen uptake reserve.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)was used to analyze the spectrum of plasma metabolites.Principal component analysis was employed to study the differences in plasma metabolite profiles between subjects with different glycemic level and between PDM subjects before and after aerobic exercise.Results After training,the body fat percentage,2-hour plasma glucose,and low density lipoprotein cholesterol of PDM subjects reduced significantly(by 4.6％,16.22％ and 9.27％ on average).Comparison of plasma metabolizers in PDM subjects before and after exercise revealed 31 differential metabolites,with 25 metabolites such as phosphatidylcholine,lysophosphatidylcholines,sphingomyelin and betaine increasing,and 6 metabolites,such as oleic acid and cytosine decreasing.Conclusion Aerobic exercise has a marked effect on the plasma metabolites in PDM subjects.Phosphatidylcholine,lysophosphatidylcholines,sphingomyelin and oleic acid may be the potential biomarkers of aerobic exercise improving the glycolipid metabolism in PDM subjects.These findings can help us better understand the mechanism of aerobic exercise preventing T2DM diabetes.

Objective:To analyze changes in nutritional status and immune function of elderly men receiving regular physical examinations, and to investigate the effects of aging on the nutritional status and immune function among elderly men.Methods:A total of 209 elderly men aged 60-101(72.9±11.5)years and receiving regular physical check-ups were enrolled.All research subjects were subjected to nutritional risk screening(NRS2002)and monitoring of nutrition and immune-related indicators, including routine blood work, blood biochemistry, immunoglobulin and T lymphocyte subsets.Results:Body weight, body mass index, hemoglobin, total protein, albumin and serum iron of elderly men decreased with age( F=21.754, 6.257, 47.528, 12.285, 18.397, 18.667, all P<0.001), with those aged 80 and above showing more significant decline and a greater proportion with malnutrition( χ2=77.134, P<0.001). The B lymphocyte counts of elderly men aged 80 and above were significantly lower( P<0.05)while serum IgA and IgG levels were significantly higher( F=3.110, 3.866, P=0.047, 0.022)than those of the 70-79 year old group.In addition, the B lymphocyte count and B lymphocyte ratio in malnourished elderly men were significantly lower( t=2.512, 2.874, P=0.013, 0.005), and IgA was significantly increased( t=2.513, P=0.017), compared with those with normal nutrition. Conclusions:The risk of malnutrition and reduced immune function among elderly men aged 80 years and above is significantly increased, and assessment and screening of the risk of malnutrition in the elderly should be stressed.

Alanine Transaminase ; Amikacin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Aztreonam ; Bilirubin ; Carbapenems ; Ceftazidime ; China ; Creatinine ; Cross Infection ; Escherichia coli ; Fibrosis ; Fungi ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; Hemorrhage ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; International Normalized Ratio ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Length of Stay ; Leukocyte Count ; Linezolid ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Mortality ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prevalence ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Vancomycin

BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to use three-dimensional finite element (FE) models to analyze the stability and the biomechanics of two upper cervical fixation methods: the C2 intralaminar screw method and the C2 pedicle screw method.

METHODSFrom computed tomography images, a nonlinear three-dimensional FE model from C0 (occiput) to C3 was developed with anatomic detail. The C2 intralaminar screw and the C2 pedicle screw systems were added to the model, in parallel to establish the interlaminar model and the pedicle model. The two models were operated with all possible states of motion and physiological loads to simulate normal movement.

RESULTSBoth the C2 intralaminar screw method and the C2 pedicle screw method significantly reduced motion compared with the intact model. There were no statistically significant differences between the two methods. The Von Mises stresses of the internal and external laminar walls were similar between the two methods. Stability was also similar.

CONCLUSIONSThe C2 intralaminar screw method can complement but cannot completely replace the C2 pedicle screw method. Clinicians would need to assess and decide which approach to adopt for the best therapeutic effect.

Objective To study the etiology and drug resistance of escherichia coli isolated from clinic in chengde from 2016 to 2018, and to provide an objective basis for the epidemiological study and clinical rational use of antimicrobial agents. Methods The feces of 702 diarrhea patients in an outpatient clinic in chengde district from 2016 to 2018 were collected, isolated and prepared by conventional pathogen testing procedures, and the specimens suspected of escherichia coli were identified by multiple PCR and single PCR experiments. DEC was sensitized to 15 antibiotic drugs in vitro by automatic microbiological identification and drug sensitivity analyzer Vitke-2 compact. Results A total of 189 DEC strains was isolated from the feces of 702 diarrhea patients, and the detection rate was 26.92%. Among 189 DEC strains, EAEC had the highest detection rate (57.67%), followed by ETEC (32.80%), then EPEC (6.35%) and mixed (3.17%). EIEC and EHEC were not detected. The virulence genes were mainly ast A 、est Ib and esc V. All types of DEC were detected throughout the year, with the highest detection rate (29.19%) between June and August. The patients were mainly aged between 20 and 45 years old, and the detection rate was 25.86% and 27.97% for men and women. The detection of EPEC was not affected by season, sex or age, except by season and age. DEC had the highest resistance to ampicillin at 62.96%, 51.32%, 49.74% and 30.16% to cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin, and less than 20% to the other 11 drugs, all of which were sensitive to meropenem but not resistant. Among 189 DEC strains, esbl-producing strains accounted for 1.59%. Multiple resistant strains accounted for 32.80%. Conclusion DEC for chengde area of the most common bacterial pathogens in gastrointestinal tract infection, clinical laboratory should strengthen the monitoring of the region DEC, especially to carry on a variety of virulence genes, ESBL producing and multiple drug resistance strains, timely grasp the dynamics of bacterial drug resistance, and to guide clinical rational drug use, delay and reduce the generation of bacterial drug resistance.