Acupuncture Analgesia ; methods ; Acupuncture Points ; Humans

OBJECTIVE:To make clear the situation of antimicrobial therapy for senile patients with lower respiratory tract infections and to evaluate the rationality of medication.METHODS:The data of the use of antimicrobials for in-hospital senile patients with lower respiratory tract infections were collected and the cost,DDD and DUI were analysed and evaluated.RESULTS:The average cost of antimicrobials for each patient was 2 257.86 yuan,which accouted for 25% of medical expense of hospitalization and 46% of total expense for drug.The average therapeutic course was(24.1?8.1) days.109 cases were cured and 6 cases were improved with a curative rate of 92.4%.CONCLUSION:The clinical use of antimicrobials in this series was rational on the whole.

Heavy Metal Poisoning ; Humans ; Nervous System ; drug effects ; Poisoning ; Thallium ; poisoning

Carcinosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Common Bile Duct Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To explore the clinical significance of the footprints and lateral X-rays in weight loading in evaluating the rehabilitation of talipes valgus in the children with cerebral palsy.Methods One hundred footprints of 56 children who were cerebral palsy with talipes valgus in the hospital-community-family-based rehabilitation mode were divided into light,middle and heavy types,and they were counted with two footprint-based approaches,and the two approaches were compared with chi-square criterion,and the dependability on consequence of the footprint and lateral X-rays in weight loading were analyzed.Results One hundred feet evaluated by the method of footprint were flatfeet radically,and the occurrence of flatfoot evaluated by three define lines were 11,57,32,respectively,and evaluated by footprint ratio were 6,7,87,respectively,but the degrees were different with two footprint-based approaches.There was a close correlation between two footprint-based approaches and lateral X-rays in weight loading.Conclusions Flat foot caused by talipes valgus can be evaluated by footprint in static state,while the development of bones of foot and the constitution of instep can be monitored on the lateral X-rays in weight loading.

[Objective]To evaluate the reliability of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation(PFNA) in treatment of intertrochanteric fracture using K-wire apex distance(KAD) intraoperatively to control tip apex distance(TAD).[Method]From January 2007 to January 2009,44 cases of intertrochanteric fractures were treated by closed reduction internal fixation with PFNA.Intra-operative KAD and post-operative TAD were measured and analyzed for their correlation.[Result]Follow-up was given to 42 patients for 6-18 months(averaged,10 months).Bone union was achieved after 11-23 weeks(averaged,13 weeks).Intra-operative KAD were 13-31 mm,with an average of 21.75 mm.Post-operative TAD were 18-35 mm,with an average of 24.61 mm.Recurrence of cerebral infarction was found in 1 case.No infection,deep vein thrombosis,intramedullary nailing rupture,screw broken or femoral fracture was found.[Conclusion]With the help of intra-operative fluoroscopy,the distance from the end of Kirschner's wire to joint surface(KAD) plays an important role in controlling TAD,and it could prevent relative complications such as helical blade cutting-out of femoral head.

Objective To compare the osseo-induction and biodegradation performances of three types of injectable and degradable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) so as to find out a better bone substitute. Methods Three types of injectable and degradable CPC were respectively implanted into the bilateral tibias of 24 New Zealand rabbits: pure CPC (Group A), CPC added with Zinc and Strontiumions (Group B), and CPC with composite rhBMP-2 (Group C) . Their systematic and local reactions in implanted region were closely observed. The degra- dation and osseo-induction performances were compared macroscopically, microscopically and by CT scan to find out the one that could best meet clinical needs. Tissue slices were sampled and photographed four, eight and 16 weeks after operation. Five photographs were selected in each group and at each time points for computer software (Image Pro Plus 5.1) processing to calculate the percentages of bone in the images of postoperative slices. Results In Groups A and B, new bone was found to form slowly and little by little, and the ossification was not synchronous with the material degradation. In Group C, however, new bone was observed to form early and massively, and the os- sification was almost synchronous with the material degradation. In Groups A, B and C, the percentage of bone in the images of postoperative slices was (41.7?16.6)%, (31. 2?12.2)% and (71.7?21.0)% respectively. The bone percentage in CPC with composite rhBMP-2 was significantly higher than that in the other two types of CPC (P＜0.01 ). Conclusion The injectable and degradable CPC with composite rhBMP-2 is more suitable for clinical use, because it can induce early new bone formation and synchronous biodegradation.

Objective To study the natural history of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) progress to dementia and to evaluate the efficacy of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) donepezil on MCI.Methods Ninty-eight patients with MCI including amnestic MCI and non-amnestic MCI were retrospectively analyzed. The patients with donepezil or not were separately divided to two groups while they were matched by sex, age,degree of MCI and possession of the ApoE?4 allele.The rate of conversion from MCI to dementia, measured with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE),Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale- Cognitive section(ADAS-Cog) and Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R),was compared between the two groups.Results In aMCI group,the rate of conversion dropped by 15.1% and 8.3% (P0.05).Conclusion Donepezil could postpone the conversion of MCI to dementia.

This study was designed to determine if the decrease in the expression of interleukin 2(IL 2) in spleen lymphocytes after trauma was associated with the changes in the transcription factor NFAT binding activity. Closed impact injury with fracture of both hind limbs in mice was adopted as the trauma model. Animals were sacrificed at the 12h and 1,4,7,10,14 days after injury. Spleen lymphocytes were isolated from traumatized mice and stimulated with concanavalin A, The culture supernatants were harvested and assayed for IL 2 activity. Total RNA was extracted from spleen lymphocytes and assayed for IL 2 mRNA. Nuclear protein was extracted,and DNA binding activity of NFAT was measured using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA). The results showed that the DNA binding activity of NFAT gradually decreased , with trough value of NFAT binding activity ,accounting for 41% of the control, observed at 4d after injury. It was closely associated with the decline of IL 2 activity and IL 2 mRNA. These data suggest that the decline in the induction of IL 2 expression is,at least, partially due to the impairment in the activation of NFAT in traumatized mice. Taken together, the results are significant to clarify the mechanism of the decline in the induction of IL 2 expression after trauma.