Abstract: Objective　To analyze the whole genome characteristic of influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 virus outbreak in a school in Jining, so as to serve as a reference for prevention and control of influenza A (H1N1) pdm09．Methods　Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR were used to detected the 12 nasopharyngeal swab specimens from patients. The positive specimens were cultured and sequenced the whole genome. DNASTAR was used to analyze the homology. MEGA was used to construct the phylogenetic tree. NetNGly, GPS-SUMO, NetPhos were used to predict the glycosylation sites, the small ubiquitin-like modifier sites and the phosphorylation sites respectively. Results　Among of 12 specimens, 4 specimens were showed positive for influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus nucleic acid, and 4 virus strains were isolated. Compared to the vaccine strain A/Brisbane/02/2018, the homology of nucleic acids of 8 gene segments was 98.5%-99.8%. The homology of amino acids of 10 proteins was 98.2%-100%. In the evolutionary tree analysis, four strains were located in two evolutionary clusters, three strains in the same evolutionary cluster and one strain in a different evolutionary cluster. A total of 50 amino acid site substitutions occurred in the 10 proteins encoded by the four strains, including two amino acid sites in the hemagglutinin antigen epitope, and there was no mutation in the neuraminidase (NA) protease active site, polymerase acidic protein (PA), polymerase basic protein 1 (PB1) and polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2) inhibitor resistance sites, and neuraminidase inhibitor resistance sites. In addition, the glycosylation sites and SUMO sites were not mutated, while multiple phosphorylation sites were substituted. Conclusions　There are 2 different sources of influenza A (H1N1) virus causing the school influenza outbreak. School influenza outbreak surveillance and school influenza prevention and control should be strengthened should be enhanced.

Objective To report the medium-term follow-up results for deep venous thrombosis(DVT) after total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Methods Between July 2003 and March 2004,55 patients(63 knees)who had had TKA were followed up for DVT.In follow-ups 1 to 2 weeks after TKA,their clinic symptoms,Doppler ultrasonograms and venograms were analyzed.In the following out-patient follow-ups done at every six months,we observed their clinic symptoms and Doppler uhrasonograms for the operated lower extremity.Venography was done only for those who had severe DVT symptoms.Results The venography one week after TKA conformed that DVT occurred in 34 patients(41 knees,61.8%).Two weeks after operation,DVT vanished in 12 cases,but deterio- rated to the proximal part in two cases.The follow-ups averaged 36.6 months(range,32 to 40 months).The results at five time points showed that the incidence of DVT did no decrease with lapse of time(P＞0.05).Conclusion No matter whether DVT occurs in the perioperative period,incidence of DVT in the medium term varies little.

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II transactivator mutant (C II TAm) for gene therapy of mouse experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) and explore the possible mechanisms. Methods: Thirty-one healthy female CBA/J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely EAT model group(n= 8), C II TAm therapy group(n=9), GFP control group (n=9), and normal control group(n=5). Animals in the first 3 groups were immunized with porcine thyroglobulin (pTg) and complete or incomplete Freud's adjuvant (CFA/IFA) to establish EAT model; mice in the C II TAm therapy group and GFP control group were also treated by intravenous recombinant adenovirus Ad-CMV-C II TAm and Ad-GFP, respectively, while those in the EAT model group were injected with equal volume of normal saline. Mice in the normal control group received no special treatment. All mice were sacrificed on the 29th day after the first immunization. The thyroid pathological changes were examined using H-E staining; the expression of MHC II molecules in the thyroid was examined using immunohistochemical staining; the spleen lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-γ secretion stimulated by pTg were examined in their culture supernatant; the titer of plasma anti-pTg autoantibody was assayed by ELISA; and the expression of inducible costimulator (ICOS) on CD4+ T cells in both peripheral blood and spleen was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: H-E staining showed that the infiltration index of thyroid lymphocyte in the C II TAm therapy group (0.3±0.5) was significantly lower than that in the EAT model group (1.4±0.4) and the GFP control group (1.5±0.2, both P<0.01). Immunohistochemical staining showed diffused expression of MHC II molecules in the thyroid of the EAT model group and GFP control group, compared to very weak expression in the C II TAm therapy group and the negative expression in the normal control group. The lymphocyte stimulation index (SI) against 80 μg/ml pTg in the C II TAm therapy group was significantly lower than that in the EAT model group and the GFP control group(P<0.05). The IFN-γ secretion in the culture supernatants showed a similar difference as SI in all the groups (P<0.01). The titer of plasma anti-pTg autoantibody in the C II TAm therapy group was significantly lower than those in the EAT model group and the GFP control group (both P<0.01). The positive rate of ICOS on CD4+ T cells in the C II TAm therapy group was significantly lower than that in the EAT model group and the GFP control group(both P<0.01). Conclusion: Ad-CMV-C II TAm recombinant adenovirus can inhibit the MHC II molecule expression in the thyroid of EAT mouse and the proliferation of self-reactive T cells, attenuate the inflammatory cells infiltration in the thyroid, and decrease the titer of plasma anti-pTg autoantibody, indicating that C II TA mutants might have therapeutic effect for EAT.

Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell ; pathology ; therapy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Nose ; pathology

Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans

Objective To investigate the effects of external fixator with dynamic device under low frequency and controlled micromovement on the callus calcification and mechanical property of healing bone.MethodsForty-five sheep were performed transverse osteotomy with a gap of 2 mm on the mid-shafts of both tibias,and the hind limbs were fixed with unilateral external fixators connected to a controlled micromovement device.Ten days after osteotomy,one hind limb of each sheep was randomly selected for micromovement(30 min/d).According to different micromovement frequencies,the sheep were randomly divided into 3 groups: 0.5 Hz group,1 Hz group and 5 Hz group(n=15).The amplitude of micromovement was 0.25 mm and the micromovement stopped by the end of the fourth week postoperation.The other hind limb of each sheep was served as control group without micromovement.Morphometry of callus was done at the end of 4,6 and 9 weeks after osteotomy.Bone formation velocity,bone mineral density and biomechanical properties were compared at the end of 9 weeks.Results The areas of mineralized bone and osteoid in different miromovement groups were larger than that of control group at the end of 4,6 weeks postoperation(P

Objective To investigate the value of high-frequency ultrasound in diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma by comparative analysis of high-frequency ultrasound and spiral CT imaging results. Methods The imaging results of patients with thyroid carcinoma proved by postoperative pathology or biopsy results were reviewed.High-frequency ultrasound and spiral CT were used to examine the 35 patients in The Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University between 2007 and 2009. Results Diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma by application of Highfrequency ultrasound were 27 cases, diagnosis rate was 77.1%(27/35);by spiral CT were 25 cases, diagnosis rate was 71.4% (25/35);comparison of the two methods showed no significant difference (x2= 0.3, P ＞ 0.05). Combined application of high-frequency ultrasound and spiral CT diagnosed 33 patients with thyroid carcinoma, diagnosis rate was 94.3%(33/35), which was significantly higher than that of high-frequency ultrasound alone or that of spiral CT alone(compared with high-frequency ultrasound, x2 = 4.2, P ＜ 0.05;and spiral CT, x2 = 6.4, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Combined application of high-frequency ultrasound and spiral CT can improve the diagnosis rate of thyroid carcinoma.

Leukotriene B₄ (LTB₄) is a proinflammatory lipid mediator that is synthesized by a number of inflammatory cells. Binding of LTB₄ to its receptor leukotriene B₄ receptor 1 (BLT1) can migrate neutrophils and macrophages to inflammatory sites through chemotaxis and up-regulation of adhesion molecules. Many researches have shown that LTB₄-BLT1 axis is related to the occurrence of autoimmune disorders and other inflammatory diseases. Receptor antagonists of LTB₄ are thus expected to be useful therapeutics for these diseases. In this review, we briefly describe the biological function of LTB₄ and summarize the preclinical and clinical developments of LTB₄ receptor antagonists.

Animals ; Camptothecin ; pharmacology ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; immunology ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Sarcoma, Experimental ; immunology ; Transplantation, Isogeneic

Implementation of information technology in clinical research has resulted in revolutionary changes in drug development. Based on the good clinical practice (GCP) requirements on data, processes and documentations, and the era of fast growth in clinical studies using up-to-date information technology, we explore an integrated e-clinical solution in clinical studies in China.
China ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Data Collection ; methods ; Medical Informatics ; methods