Objective:To analyze the unreasonable medical orders at the pharmacy intravenous admixture service ( PIVAS) of our hospital to improve clinical medication. Methods: The medical orders from January to October in 2013 were collected and reviewed, the unreasonable medical orders were analyzed and the results were informed to the clinics. Results:Totally 323 unreasonable medical orders were found, which accounted for 0. 03%. The unreasonable aspects included unreasonable compatibility, input error, irregular medical orders, over dosage or concentration, unsuitability between dosage and age and the disproportion between dosage and diagno-sis. Conclusion:The irrationality in intravenous medical orders still exists in clinics, which shows drug use risks. The unreasonable medical orders can be avoided or reduced through the review of medical orders by pharmacists at PIVAS to improve the safety of clinical drug use.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias, associated with high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs, and it places a significant burden on both individuals and society. Anti-arrhythmic drugs are the most commonly used strategy for treating AF. However, drug therapy faces challenges because of its limited efficacy and potential side effects. Catheter ablation is widely used as an alternative treatment for AF. Nevertheless, because the mechanism of AF is not fully understood, the recurrence rate after ablation remains high. In addition, the outcomes of ablation can vary significantly between medical institutions and patients, especially for persistent AF. Therefore, the issue of which ablation strategy is optimal is still far from settled. Computational modeling has the advantages of repeatable operation, low cost, freedom from risk, and complete control, and is a useful tool for not only predicting the results of different ablation strategies on the same model but also finding optimal personalized ablation targets for clinical reference and even guidance. This review summarizes three-dimensional computational modeling simulations of catheter ablation for AF, from the early-stage attempts such as Maze III or circumferential pulmonary vein isolation to the latest advances based on personalized substrate-guided ablation. Finally, we summarize current developments and challenges and provide our perspectives and suggestions for future directions.