To improve the water solubility of daidzein, solid inclusion complexes of daidzein with two amino-modified β-cyclodextrins (ACDs), i.e., mono-6-amino-6-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin (NCD) and mono-6-ethylenediamino-6-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin (ENCD), were prepared by the saturated solution method in water under the preparation conditions as follows: the ratio of daidzein/ACD was 3∶1 and the stirring time was 72 h (83% and 67% yields, respectively).The formation of two inclusion complexes was confirmed by x-ray diffractometry (XRD) and themogravimetric (TG) analysis.The inclusion stoichiometry of the inclusion complexes was 1∶1 from the Job plot and their complexation stability constants (KS) were 899.2 and 203.8 L/mol from fluorescence titration, respectively.After formation of inclusion complexes with NCD and ENCD, the water solubility of daidzein was dramatically raised from 8.31 μg/mL to 15.2 and 13.2 mg/mL at 25℃, increasing by 1800-fold and 1500-fold.

In this study, a neutral desorption-extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry ( ND-EESI-MS) method was developed for the direct and rapid detection of dichlorvos ( DDVP) in honey samples without any sample pretreatment procedure. Under the positive ionization mode, the main characteristic parent ion of DDVP was m/z 223 (MW:222) and daughter ions were m/z 109 and m/z127. Under the optimized working conditions, with the signal intensity of m/z 127 as quantitative index, the quantitative information of DDVP residues in honey was acquired effectively. The results showed that the linear range of DDVP for spiked honey was 5-1000 ng/mL (R2=0. 998) with the limit of detection (LOD) of 1. 0 ng/mL (n=3) and the recoveries for the DDVP spiked honey samples at the concentration levels of 10 , 30 and 400 ng/mL were 93 . 0%-103. 0%, with the relative standard deviations (RSDs, n=6) of less than 4. 4%. Meanwhile, for detection of spiked honey with gas chromatography-flame photometric detector ( GC-FPD ) , the linear range was 5-1000 ng/mL (R2=0. 999) with the LOD of 1. 6 ng/mL(n=3), and the recoveries of DDVP at the spiked honey concentration levels of 10 , 30 and 400 ng/mL were 94 . 9%-110 . 3%, with the RSDs of less than 7. 6%.

ObjectiveTo determine the therapeutic effect of Gegentang granules on a disease-syndrome mouse model combining human coronavirus 229E （hCoV-229E） pneumonia with Hanshi Yidu Xifei syndrome in vivo. MethodMice were randomly divided into normal group， infection group， cold-dampness group， model group， chloroquine phosphate group （0.18 g·kg^-1）， interferon-α2b （IFN-α2b） group （1.83×10⁶ U·kg^-1）， Gegentang granules high-dose and low-dose groups （6.6， 3.3 g·kg^-1） with 10 mice in each group. Cold-dampness environment and hCoV-229E infection were used for modeling， and the general status and lung index of mice in each group were observed. The viral load in lung tissue was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， the pathological changes in lung tissue were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， the levels of serum gastrointestinal hormones and inflammatory factors in lung tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and the percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry. ResultComparing with model group， Gegentang granules could significantly alleviate the physical signs of Hanshi Yidu Xifei syndrome， including listlessness， weakness of limbs， sticky stool， etc. Comparing with model group， Gegentang granules high-dose group significantly reduced lung index， histopathological score of interstitial lung and bronchus， and the level of serum motilin （P<0.05， P<0.01）， two doses of Gegentang granules could significantly increase the level of serum gastrin （P<0.05， P<0.01）， the percentage of CD4⁺， CD8⁺ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the level of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in lung tissue was significantly decreased （P<0.01）， and the level of interleukin-6 （IL-6） showed decreasing tendency. ConclusionGegentang granules has therapeutic effect on model mice. It can improve the appearance and behavior characterization， regulate the level of gastrointestinal hormones， decrease lung index and histopathological score， and possibly play an immunomodulatory role by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines in lung tissue and restoring the percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes.