Hepatorenal Syndrome ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation

Humans ; Liver Failure, Acute ; etiology ; therapy

Objective To observe the effectiveness and safety of basal insulin plus oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) in treating the patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM ) ,who were poor blood sugar control by premixed insulin with or without OADs . Methods 32 cases of T2DM and poor blood sugar control by premixed insulin combinated with or without OADs stopped the premixed insulin therapy and changed to insulin glargine plus OADs for 16 weeks .Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ,fasting blood glucose(FBG) ,postprandial blood glucose(PBG) ,body mass index (BMI) and mean daily insulin dose were compared among patients .And the episodes of hypoglycemia events were recorded .Results After 16‐week treatment ,HbA1c ,FBG ,PBG and BMI were all significantly decreased comapared with before treatment (P<0 .01) .The mean insulin glargine daily dose was significantly decreased compared with the premixed insulin dose at admission .2 cases (6% )appeared twice hypoglycemia episodes during the treatment period ,all were general hypoglycemia .Conclusion Basal insulin once daily can effectively improve the sugar metabolism in T2DM patients failed by premixed insulin with or without OADs ,moreover the body mass is not increased .

Objective To explore the influence of the health belief model education on the life quality of nurses.Methods 200 nurses were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 100 cases in each,the experimental group received health belief model education while the control group was given no intervention.The life quality of nurses before and after the education was compared.Results The life guality of nurses showed no significant difference between the two groups before the health belief model education,one month after health belief model education,life quality of nurses in the two groups showed significant difference.Conclusions Application of the health belief model education can improve the nurses'quality of life.

Aim To establish a model of focal cerebral ischemic tissue of rat brain and explore the injury mechanism of focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion in whole level of proteins.Method The model was established with suture method by reperfusion 24 h after ischemic 2 h according to Koizumi′s method,total brain tissue proteins were extracted with Lysis buffer,proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE),stained by Coomassie brilliant blue,the patterns were gotten,differential proteins were found out,PMS was obtained by MALDI-TOF-MS,and related information of proteins was gained by MS-Fit database.Results A comparative proteomic study of model and normal group was performed.Compared with model group,the normal group gained 23 differential protein spots,13 spots expressed lowly,and 10 spots high,6 protein spots were identified,the relative cerebral ischemic proteins such as Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase,Thyrotropin-releasing hormone-degrading ectoenzyme etc were found out.Conclusions Establishing a 2-DE technology is applied to protein analysis of brain tissue,and the relative proteins of cerebral ischemia are found from proteome aspect.This will contribute to the research on the injury mechanism of cerebral ischemic tissues.

0.05).However,neither CpG-ODN nor hTNF-? failed in improving the expression rates of CD1a.Conclusions CpG-ODN,like hTNF-?,has remarkable im- munostimulatory effect on the differentiation and maturation of monocyte-derived DC from patients with chronic hepatitis B.

BACKGROUND:It is a great potential study that calcium sulfate product loaded with antibiotics is developed, but this product is not systematicaly studied and its biocompatibility and security need to be further studied.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the biocompatibility and safety of vancomycin- or gentamicin-loaded calcium sulfate bone.
METHODS: (1) Hemolysis test: vancomycin-loaded, gentamicin-loaded calcium sulfate extracts, double distiled water and saline were added into rabbit anticoagulant blood samples. (2) Micronucleus test: vancomycin-loaded and gentamicin-loaded calcium sulfate extracts, cyclophosphamide and normal saline solution were intraperitonealy injected to mice, respectively. (3) Acute toxicity test: vancomycin-loaded and gentamicin-loaded calcium sulfate extracts, and normal saline solution were intraperitonealy injected to mice, respectively. (4) Pyrogen test: the mice were injected vancomycin-loaded and gentamicin-loaded calcium sulfate extractsvia the ear vein. (5) Intradermal stimulation test: vancomycin-loaded and gentamicin-loaded calcium sulfate extracts were respectively injected into the unilateral spine of rabbits, respectively. (6) Intramuscular implantation test: vancomycin-loaded and gentamicin-loaded calcium sulfate extracts were respectively injected to the dorsal muscle of rabbits. (7) Intraosseous implantation test: vancomycin-loaded and gentamicin-loaded calcium sulfate were implanted into the necrotic femoral bone of rabbits.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Both vancomycin-loaded and gentamicin-loaded calcium sulfate products, which have no hemolytic reaction, genetic toxicity, acute toxicity, pyrogen reaction and skin irritation, are considered to have good biocompatibility and safety.

The HIV susceptibility and resistance alleles in the HLA genes were determined by investigating the distribution characteristics of the HLA alleles (A,B,and DRB1) in HIV-infected individuals of the Han population in Hubei,and by comparing these alleles with HIV-negative individuals from the same area.A cohort of 424 HIV-1 infected individuals were chosen as study subjects,and 836 HIV-negative healthy subjects from the same area served as the control population.HLA-A,B,and DRB 1 allele typing was performed using polymemse chain reaction-sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP) and polymerase chain reaction-sequencing based typing (PCR-SBT) techniques.Arlequin ver3.0 was used to analyze the allele and haplotype frequencies of HLA-A,B,and DRB l,whereas Epi Info 7 and SPSS18.0 was used to analyze the differences in the HLA alleles between the HIV-1 positive and HIV-1 negative groups.A*02:03,DRB1*01:01,and DRB1*15:01 alleles and their haplotypes as well as the HLA_Bw4-Bw6 hybrid showed a protective effect on HIV-1 infection.After adjusting for confounding factors such as age and sex,multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that B* 15:02G,DRB 1*01:01,and DRB 1 * 15:01 subtypes were the resistance genes of HIV-1 infection,while B * 13:01 might increase susceptibility to HIV-1 infection.The correlation between A*02:06 and B*15:01G subtypes and HIV-1 susceptibility was independent of the age and sex of the host.This study demonstrated the influence of genetic factors in humans such as HLA polymorphism on individuals to resist HIV-1 infection.Association studies of HLA polymorphism,susceptibility/resistance to HIV-1 infection,and hosts' genetic background are of significant importance for research on HIV-1 pathogenesis and vaccine design.

Objective To observe the changes of expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)and its receptor tyrosine kinase B(TrkB)and in rats with hemitransectional spinal cord injury(SCI)after electroacupuncture on Du Meridian and rehabilitation training.Methods The animal model of acute hemitransectional lesion at the right half of T11 spinal cord was established in 96 adult female rats,which were then divided randomly into an electroacupuncture group,a rehabilitation training group,an electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation training group and a control group.All the groups received treatment on the 3rd d after operation.The electroacupuncture group and rehabilitation training group were given electroacupuncture on points of Du Meridian and rehabilitation training,respectively,and the combined group was given Du Meridian electroacupuncture in addition to rehabilitation training.Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan(BBB)scale was used to evaluate motor function every week.Twelve rats of each group were sacrificed 4 and 8 weeks after operation,respectively,and their spinal cord tissues were extracted.The polymerase chain reaction(PCR),reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and immunohistochemical techniques were used to detect the expressions of BDNF and TrkB.Results BBB grade increased gradually as time went on.There were significant differences between control group and other groups at the same time point(P ＜ 0.05).The scores increased obviously in electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation training group compared with electroacupuncture group and rehabilitation training group(P ＜ 0.05).The result of immunohistochemical observation and RT-PCR also showed that there were significant differences of expressions of BDNF and TrkB among control group and other groups at the same time(P ＜ 0.05).The effects in electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation training group were much more obvious than those in electroacupuncture group and rehabilitation training group(P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between electroacupuncture group and rehabilitation training group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Electroacupuncture on Du Meridian combined with rehabilitation training had synergic effect on rat's SCI,and could obviously improve the restoration of rat's motor function; the mechanism maybe related to the upregulation of expressions of BDNF and TrkB.

Objective To evaluate the high?risk factors for brain metastases after prophylactic cranial irradiation ( PCI), and to provide a basis for personalized treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 188 patients with limited?stage small?cell lung cancer who received PCI in our hospital from 2005 to 2010. The Kaplan?Meier method was used to calculate the cumulative rate of brain metastases. The log?rank test and the Cox model were used for the univariate and multivariate analyses of the potential factors for the cumulative incidence of brain metastases, respectively. Results In the 188 patients, 31 ( 16?5%) had brain metastases. The 1?, 2?, and 3?year cumulative incidence rates of brain metastases were 4%, 15%, and 20%, respectively. The univariate analysis showed that staged Ⅲ disease before treatment, elevated levels of tumor markers, incomplete remission after chemoradiotherapy, and local?regional relapse were risk factors for high incidence of brain metastases ( P= 0?044, 0?037, 0?005, 0?007) . The multivariate analysis revealed that incomplete remission after chemoradiotherapy and local?regional relapse after chemoradiotherapy were risk factors for high incidence of brain metastases after PCI ( P= 0?003, 0?040 ) . Conclusions Patients with incomplete remission or local?regional relapse after chemoradiotherapy have high incidence of brain metastases after PCI. For those patients, a frequent follow?up of the central nervous system plus salvage cranial irradiation might provide an alternative to PCI.