Catheterization ; methods ; Humans ; Needles ; Pneumothorax ; nursing ; surgery ; Silicosis ; nursing ; surgery ; Thoracic Cavity

Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Lead Poisoning ; nursing ; Male ; Mercury Poisoning ; nursing ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To study the surgical treatment and defect repair of the former skull base comminuted fracture.MethodsClinical data of 47 patients were retrospectively analyzed and emergency treatment,surgical debridement and defect repair were discussed consulting the literature..Results Restore score was determined according to international standards after surgical treatment for 3 months,in all cases,36 cases restored good,6 cases with light disability,3 cases with severe disability,2 cases died.Subsequent following-up revealed 31 cases completely recovered for normal work and life,14 patients survived in varying degrees of neurological function obstacles without encephalomeningocele.Conclusion The successful surgery is determined by thorough debridement,closing the damaged local subarachnoid,repairing reconstruct former dural skull base and defective bones.

The change of gravity causes a series of physiological dysfunctions,such as redistribution of blood,destruction of skeleton,reduction of hemopoietic tissue and so on.Since the success of mission to the moon and construction of space station,the study on change of human physiological functions under microgravity has been underway.With the machine of microgravity developing maturely,associated researches have made big steps forward.However,intensive study on the changes of human hemostasis and thrombosis under the microgravity are still needed,especially in the area of high incidences of bleeding and thrombotic diseases.The result will help to prevent hemostasis and thrombosis on astronaut and promote the development of our national aerospace industry.

Objective To compare the effects of different prone and supine position duration within 24-hour period on mini-pig acute lung injury (ALI)models. Methods Fifteen female mini-pigs,mean weight (30.2±3.2) kg, length (76.5±5.9) cm were anesthetized and ventilated. Hydrochloric acid (pH 1.0)was aspirated intratracheally to create ALI model. Mini-pigs were assigned randomly into three groups: p rone 8 h group, prone 8h then supine 16 h; 16 h group, prone 16 h then supine 8 h; 24 h group, prone 24 h continuously. Min-pigs were euthanasia at the end of the experiment to take out the lung, examine the tissue change and calculate the wet to dry weight ratio of lung (W/D). Sample was cut into slices and carried on hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stain which was intended to calculate injury score by semi ration score criteria. Results W/D, and injury score were lower in 16 h group and 24 h group than the 8 h group,whereas no significant differences among the three groups. Conclusions Prone position for 16 hours or longer could decrease oxygenation by decreasing inflammation in acute lung injury(ALI)animal models.

Objective To investigate the expression of chemokine CCL27,CCL28 and their receptor CCR10 in mouse periph-eral blood in the acute phase of epilepsy.Methods The peripheral blood of acute epileptic mice at different time points(10 min,30 min,1 h,2 h)was collected,real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression level of CCL27 and CCL28.The heparin anti-coagulation peripheral blood at the same time points(10 min,30 min,1 h,2 h)of normal and acute phase of epileptic mice were col-lected and flow cytometry was used to investigate the expression of CCR10 in peripheral blood lymphocyte.Results The mRNA expression level of CCL27,CCL28 in peripheral blood and the expression of CCR10 in lymphocytes were found significantly in-creased at 2 h in epileptic mice than those of normal(P <0.01).Conclusion The immune function disorder occured in peripheral blood in early epilepsic pathological process and might be associated with the subsequent inflammatory reaction and neuron apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE To explore the expression pattern of AQP1,AQP4,AQP5 in the normal middle ear in guinea pigs and its roles in the water homeostasis in the middle ear cavity.METHODS Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT- PCR),Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect AQP1,AQP4,AQP5 in mucosa of the bullae of normal guinea pigs.RESULTS Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analyses revealed that mRNAs encoding AQP1,AQP4,AQP5 were expressed in middle ear membrane of the guinea pigs.AQP1,AQP4 was also detected as 28-kDa,33-kDa proteins in middle ear cavity of guinea pig.Immunohistochemical staining showed that only AQP1 located at capillary endothelial cells and fibroblasts of the submucous layer,as well as at flat and cubical epithelial cells.CONCLUSION The results suggest that AQP1,AQP4,AQP5 can express in the normal middle ear cavity of guinea pigs and may play a vital role in the water transmission in the middle ear.The air-filled middle ear cavity may result from the working of AQP1,AQP4,AQP5.

Objective To study the influencing factors of postoperative cognitive dysfunction ( POCD) in elderly patients after knee joint replacement. Methods 165 cases of elderly patients undergo-ing knee replacement surgery were recruited in the study. According to whether there was POCD,the patients were divided into POCD group (35 cases) and non POCD group (130 cases).The gender,age,educational level,medical history,physical exercise,operation mode( cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty and poste-rior stabilized total knee arthroplasty) ,operation time,blood loss,preoperative depression score and postoper-ative pain score were recorded and compared.The logistic multiveariate regression analysis was conducted to analyze the risk factors of POCD in elderly patients with knee replacement. Results (1)There were statis-tically significant differences in the total score of MoCA, visual space and executive function,naming and de-laying recall between non-POCD group and POCD group after the operation ( Z=-5. 327, P=0. 000;Z=-3.140, P=0.002;Z=-2.910, P=0.004;Z=-3.333, P=0.001). (2)The results of logistic multiveariate regression analysis showed the age>70 years old ( OR=3.708,95%CI =1.037-13.261, P<0.05) ,hyperten-sion ( OR=5.250,95%CI =1.787-15.423, P<0.05),diabetes ( OR=6.560,95%CI =1.418-30.345, P<0.05) ,preoperative depression ( OR=4.648,95%CI =1.290-16.744, P<0.05) and postoperative pain score>4 ( OR=3.149,95%CI=1.072~9.251, P<0.05) were risk factors of POCD,and physical exercise ( OR=4.330,95%CI =1.294-14.488, P<0.05) and CR-TKA( OR=0.187,95%CI =0.045-0.781, P<0.05) were the protective factors of POCD. Conclusion The overall level of cognitive function in elderly patients after knee replacement surgery is low. The advanced age,hypertension,diabetes,lack of physical exercise,choice of operation method,postoperative pain and preoperative depression are important influence factors of POCD.

After half a century of development,liver transplantation has become an important means to solve the problem of end-stage liver diseases and has greatly improved the prognosis of the patients.This article reviewed and summarized the post-operation intensive care management and treatment of complication in children with liver transplantation.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ(PPARγ)in bladder urothelial cancer tissues.Methods Parafflin‐embeded specimen of bladder urothelial cancer tissues from 50 cases and normal tissues near the bladder urothelial cancer from 5 cases were harvested from the Pathology Department of the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between 2006 and 2009.Those cases had complete pathological and clinical data.The ex‐pression of PPARγ was detected by immunohistochemical SP method.Quantitative analysis of the PPARγ was measured by high definition pathological graphics context report system (HPIAS‐1000).One‐way analysis of variance and SNK (q)tests were used to analyze the mean density and the positive area rate of the immunohistochemical results.All data were processed by SPSS 13.0.Results The expression of PPARγwas significantly higher in bladder urothelial cancer tissues than in para‐carcinoma tis‐sues(P<0.05).Correlation between expression of PPARγ with TNM stag of bladder urothelial cancer was as follows :Positive rate of PPARγin the tissues with primary tumor size ≥3 cm was 72.4% ,significantly higher than 33.3% in the tissues with tumor size <3 cm(P<0.05);positive rate of PPARγin the cases with lymph node metastasis was 72.7% ,significantly higher than 46.4% in the cases without lymph node metastasis(P<0.05);positive rate of PPARγin patients at stage T3‐4 group was 75.0% ,significantly higher than 41.9% and 45.5% in patients at clinical stage T1 and T2(P<0.05);positive rate of PPARγin patients with poor differentiation was 68.2% ,significantly higher than 42.9% in patients with high or middle differentiation group(P<0.05).Conclusion PPARγ plays an important regulating role in the onset and progress of bladder urothelial cancer ;PPARγexpression level was correlated with primary tumor size ,pathological types and differentiation degree ,lymph node me‐tastasis and clinical stage.This result suggested that PPARγ was closely correlated to metastasis of bladder urothelial cancer.