Objective To study the chemical constituents of marine sponge Craniella australiensis collected from the South China Sea.Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography and their structures were identified based on spectral analyses and chemical evidence.Results Four compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract and identified as: ?-sitosterol(Ⅰ);3?,6?-stigmast-4-en-3,6diol(Ⅱ);1,12-diazacyclodocosane-2,11-dione(Ⅲ);uracil(Ⅳ).Conclusion All these compounds were isolated from this sponge for the first time.

Objective To explore the association between serum neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and DR in T2DM patients . Methods A total of 128 T2DM patients were recruited and divided into three groups :PDR group (n=22) ,NPDR group(n= 44) ,and simple T2DM group(n=62) .The levels of FPG ,HbA1 c ,TC ,TG and NLR were measured in each group . Results Spearman correlation analysis revealed that DR was positively correlated with T 2DM duration ,SBP ,DBP ,FPG ,HbA1 c ,TC , TG ,LDL‐C ,NLR ,CKD (r= 0.524 ,0.277 ,0.279 ,0.194 ,0.271 ,0.208 ,0.223 ,0.358 ,0.621 , 0.362 ,P<0 .05 or P<0 .01) .Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that ,T2DM duration ,NLR and CKD were independent risk factors for DR . Conclusion NLR level is associated with DR .

A dynamic foresight should be employed in university management.On the one hand,the inherited university cultural spirit should be fully used for the purpose of regulating,restricting and guiding the students to make the diachronic managing experience work on the current university management.On the other hand,relevant reformations and positive responses should be made in the aspects of management concept,teaching system and process under the prediction of the education trend in the informationized society.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a HPLC method for content determination of forsythin in qingreling granules by C 18 solid phase extraction to purify the forsythin in qingreling granules.METHODS:The column of Dikma Diamonsil TM C 18 ,a mob_ ile phase of acetonitrile-water(30∶70),the flow rate of1.0ml/min,the detection wavelength of230nm,and the column temperature of30℃.RESULTS:The calibration curve of forsythin was linear in the range of10.0～200.0?g/ml(r=1.0000),the average recovery was98.1%(RSD=1.91%).CONCLUSION:The present method is accurate,reliable,simple and with good reproducibility,the sample was purified completely,and little interference and it can be used for quality control of qingreling granules.

Objective To explore the impact of psychological alignment and coping style on nurse′s job satisfaction. Methods A total of 389 clinical nurses were investigated by the Sense of Coherence Scale, the simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Minnesota Satisfaction Scale. Results The scores of job satisfaction, psychological alignment, positive coping and pessimistic coping of clinical nurses was (72.91 ± 11.10), (56.97 ± 10.29), (23.16 ± 5.40) and (9.80 ± 4.03) points respectively. The predictors of job satisfaction were sense of control, sense of meaning and positive coping style. Conclusions It is suggested that nursing managers should pay close attention to nurses′psychological alignment and guide clinical nurses adopt positive coping style, and thereby to improve nurses′job satisfaction.

Nonunion remains a major complication after skeletal trauma. In the last decade, extracorporeal shock wave therapy has become a common tool for the treatment of delayed unions or non-unions. With the help of a review of the literature, the current author gave an overview of indications, choices of devices, success rates and complications for ESWT in the treatment of non-unions. The conceivable mechanism was also outlined.

HIV Infections ; virology ; HIV-1 ; physiology ; Virus Replication ; physiology

AIM: The objectives of the present study were to examine the effect of iron on relaxation of isolated rat aortic rings,and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. METHODS: The thoracic aortic rings of male Sprague-Dawley rats were mounted on bath system. Vasodilatation of aortic rings preconstricted with 10 -6 mol/L of phenylephrine (PE) was measured. RESULTS: (1) Exposure of endothelium-intact aortic rings to ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) for 30 min caused a significant reduction in the relaxation response to acetylcholine (ACh). Pretreatment with L-arginine (L-Arg) before incubation with FAC did not reverse the inhibition of relaxation response to ACh completely. (2) In endothelium-intact aortic rings,L-Arg relaxed the PE preconstricted vessels. Exposure to FAC for 30 min caused the decrease in the relaxation response to L-Arg. There was no difference in the relaxation response to nitric oxide donor,sodium nitroprusside, between endothelium-denuded arteries treated with or without FAC. (3) Dimethyl sulfoxide had no effect on the inhibition of relaxation to ACh by FAC in endothelium-intact rings. Pretreatment of arteries with glutathione and catalase prevented the decrease in relaxation responses to ACh induced by FAC. (4) The nitric oxide synthase activity was (56.49?2.49)?10 3U/g protein in normal aorta with endothelium,while after incubation with FAC for 30 min,it reduced to (25.15?5.75)?10 3U/g protein ( P

Objective To explore the characteristics of subjective quality of life and family environment in children with tic disorder (TD) combined with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods The Inventory of Subjective Life Quality (ISLQ) for Child and Adolescent and Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version (FES-CV) were used to assess the subjective quality of life and family environment in 60 children with TD combined with ADHD (observation group) and 60 children with TD not combined with ADHD (control group). Results The scores in peer interaction, school life, self-cognition, depression experience, overall satisfaction of the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05) in ISLQ; the scores in intellectual-cultural orientation, cohesion and organization of the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05) in FES-CV. Conclusion Children with TD combined with ADHD had low subjective quality of life and poor family environment.

Objective To explore the characteristics of subjective quality of life and family environment in children with tic disorder (TD) combined with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods The Inventory of Subjective Life Quality (ISLQ) for Child and Adolescent and Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version (FES-CV) were used to assess the subjective quality of life and family environment in 60 children with TD combined with ADHD (observation group) and 60 children with TD not combined with ADHD (control group). Results The scores in peer interaction, school life, self-cognition, depression experience, overall satisfaction of the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05) in ISLQ; the scores in intellectual-cultural orientation, cohesion and organization of the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05) in FES-CV. Conclusion Children with TD combined with ADHD had low subjective quality of life and poor family environment.