Animal Experimentation ; Animal Testing Alternatives ; methods ; Animal Welfare ; Animals ; Toxicity Tests ; methods

OBJECTIVE: To prepare clonazepam oral disintegrating tablets and to evaluate its quality. METHODS: Gelatian and aspartame were used as tastes masking. Microcrystalline celluose, low substituted hydroxypropylcellulose and polyvininylpolyrrolidone were used as disintegrants. Clonazepam orally disintegrating tablets were prepared by wet granules. The in vitro and in vivo disintegration time, the relationship between hardness and disintegration time and the relationship between the usage of magnesium stearate and disintegration time were investigated, while taste and dissolution rate were also evaluated. RESULTS: When the gelatian/aspartame/poloxamer ratio was 30:0.5:1, the tablets had good oral feel and the uppermost dissolution rate. The dissolution rate of clonazepam oral disintegrating tablets which was evaluated by the method of common tablets could exceed 95% after 20 minutes. When the microcrystalline celluose / low substituted hydroxypropylcellulose / polyvininylpolyrrolidone ratio was 9:1: 3, the in vitro and in vivo disintegration time Was within 30 s. When the usage of magnesium stearate was 0.5% and the hardness ratio was in the range of 3-4 kg, disintegration time was within 30 s. CONCLUSION: According reasonable prescription and simple product craft, we can product qualified clonazepam oral disintegrating tablets.

Objective To investigate the curative effect of combined traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment of de-pression after stroke.Methods Patients with depression in 134 cases of cerebral stroke from July 2011 to August 2012 in Tongli-ang People′s hospital were treated in department of internal medicine,and according to the different treatment methods were divided into experimental group and control group,each group of 67 cases.The control group was given paroxetine hydrochloride orally,the experimental group was based on the use of miananning granule in the treatment,obered curative effect of two groups.Results In the experimental group,the control group total effective rate were 95.5%,77.6%.The experimental group total effective rate was significantly better than the control group and has a statistically significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment of depression after stroke is exact,it is worthy of popularization and application.

A tissue-tracking system can trace myocardial tissue using pattern matching method regardless of Doppler velocity information.The article shows data concerning clinical usefulness of the 2-dimensional tissue tracking(2DTT)technique in pediatric patients.2DTT is able to measure 3 directional(radial,circumferential,and longitudinal)strains of the myocardium in a pediatric population including neonates.Therefore,2DTT has clinical value for determination of normal pediatric cardiac myocardial strain.

Objective To elucidate the mechanism of prevention of postoperative tissues from adhesion by chitosan by stadying the effect of chitosan on indncing apoptosis of fibroblasts.Methods The cultured fibroblasts were treated for 48 hours with 0,0.01,0.1,1,10mg/ml chitosan,respectively.Then cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay and the cell apoptosis by flow cytometry.Results When the concentrations of chitosan were 0.01,0.1,1,and 10mg/ml,the optical density(A)values of the fibroblasts were 0.377?0.047,0.324?0.030,0.271?0.035 and 0.224?0.037,respectively,which were significantly lower than that of control group(0.561?0.044,P

Objective To observe the healing effect of pertinent health education on patients with diabetic foot. Methods 116 cases of diabetic foot patients were randomly divided into group A (60 cases) and group B (56 cases). Group A accepted pertinent and one-to-one psychological nursing and group B received collective lecture of health education once a week. FPG, HbAlc changes and healing of wound was observed in the two groups. Results The clinical effect of group A was better than those of group B. Conclusions The pertinent health education can improve cognition and medical compliance of patients, promote healing of wounds, which proves to be superior than that of collective health education.

Objective To study the influence of clinical nursing pathway on operative effects for patients with malignant tumout of bone. Methods 60 adult patients with malignant turnout bone were divided into the clini-cal nursing pathway gronp(32 cases) and control group(32 cases) randomly, routine nursing cares were used in con-trol group, while the clinical nursing pathway was used in the observation group. Compared the index between the two groups. Results All the indexes which had been compared between the two group were better in the clinical nursing pathway group than those in control group, the difference was significant (P < 0.05). Condusion The clinical nursing pathway can effectivly improve the compliance of patients for operation, avoid postoperative complications, and then imprpve their quality of life.

Objective To observe the effect of estrogen on BBB permeability,occludin expression after ischemia-reperfusion in rats,and to make a further investigation on the role of estrogen in cerebral ischemia. Methods Ovariectomized rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group,model group,and estrogen pretreatment group. 4 h,24 h,3 d after ischemia-reperfusion were selected as different observation points,and changes of edema,occluding expression,and blood-brain barrier permeability of the 3 points in time were observed. BBB ultra-structure electron microscope observation was made at 24 h and 3 d after ischemia-reperfusion. Changes in cerebral edema were measured by brain water content percentage;protein expressions were measured by Western blot;and BBB permeability was measured by Evans blue as-say. Results Compared with the sham group,brain tissue water content and EB content in model group both increased 4 h after ischemia-reperfusion (P<0. 05),and they keep increasing as time goes by and finally reaching the peak (P<0. 01). Compared with the model group at the same time point,brain tissue water content and EB content in estrogen pretreatment group decreased in different degrees (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01),and it was most significant at the time point of 24 h after ischemia-reperfusion (P<0. 01). Compared with model group,through electron microscope observation,ia was displayed that BBB TJ's open was reduced in estrogen pretreatment group,astrocyte foot process and capillary tube edema were lighter,and it was significant at the time point of 3 d after ischemia-reperfusion. Western blot detection of occludin protein expression found that it was lower in the model group compared with the sham group at 4 h after ischemia-reperfusion,but there was no significant difference (P>0. 05). 24 h after ischemia-reperfusion,the occludin expression were weaker than that in the sham surgery group with a significant difference (P<0. 05),and it keep weakening with a significant difference 3 d after ischemia-reperfusion (P<0. 01). In estrogen group,there was no significant difference compared with the model group in terms of occludin expression at 4 h after ischemia-reper-fusion (P>0. 05). In estrogen group,there was significant difference in occludin protein expression at 24 h and 3 d after ischemia-reperfusion compared with model group at the same time point (P<0. 05). Conclusion BBB ultrastructure disclose TJ was broke and vesicles within EC was increased and astrocyte cell foot process was swelling in MCAO model,it might be the vasogenic brain edema pathological basis for MCAO. In MCAO animal model,with ischemia-reperfusion time increasing,TJ protein occludin expression significantly decreased,it suggests that occludin plays an important role in the regulation of TJ permeability. Estrogen increases has a very close relationship with occludin ex-pression,and it may be one of the mechanisms of protecting BBB integrity and lessening cerebral edema.

Objective To investigate the status of the anxiety and depression in the patients with paralysis after spinal cord injury, and the measures to cope with it. Methods Sixty cases of patients with paralysis after spinal cord injury were evaluated with Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and SelfRating Depression Scale (SDS), the results were compared with those of the domestic norm of healthy individuals. Results The scores of patients with paralysis after spinal cord injury were higher than that of domestic norm of healthy individuals. 54 cases had anxious symptom (90.00%), and 37 had depression.The causes led to anxiety and depression mainly came from the suffering of the disease, the influence of the work as well as the study and the cost of the treatment. Conclusions The patients with paralysis after spinal cord injury had mental problems, they need to be interfered with by healthy education and mental nursing in order to promote rehabilitation.

Objective To study the lymphocytes subsets including Th1 and Th2 cells in PBMC of children with bronchiolitis in acute period.Methods The present study enrolled 34 patients with bronchiolitis,23 of them were respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)and 11 non-RSV,and 22 age-matched normal infants.Fresh peripheral blood samples were treated and run through the flow cytometry.The percentage of lymphocytes subsets were acquired using simultest IMK-lymphcyte software.Results The results showed the percentage of CD3+ and CD4+ cells in bronchiolitis group was higher than that in control group(P