Objective To investigate inhibition effect of leptin on apoptosis of MCF-7 cells and its potential mechanism.Methods MCF-7 cells were cultured and devided into 5 groups:control group,tamoxifen (10-5 mol/L) group,tamoxifen(10-5 mol/L)-leptin(102 ng/mL)group,tamoxifen (10-5 mol/L)-leptin(103 ng/mL) group,tamoxifen(10-5 mol/L)-leptin(104 ng/mL)group.Fourty-eight hours after being treated with corresponding concentration of leptin and tamoxifen respectively,all groups of cells were quantatively tested for apoptosis by ELISA and were semi-quantatively detected for survivin,Bcl-2,Bax mRNA change by real-time PCR.Results Tamoxifen induced MCF-7 apoptosis were inhibited by leptin at a serial concentration of 103 ng/mL,104 ng/mL.Meanwhile,leptin largely enhanced survivin mRNA expression in MCF-7 cells,compared with control group.However,no significant increase of BCL-2,BAX mRNA in MCF-7 cells was observed after leptin treatment in either group.Conclusions Leptin could effectively inhibit tamoxifen induced MCF-7 apoptosis in a dose dependent manner.The potential mechanisrn of leptin' apoptosis inbition in MCF-7 cells may involve upregulation of survivin mRNA.

As an increasing threat to women's health worldwide, breast cancer has many well-established risk factors, including genetic suscebility, high concentration of serum estrogen, early-age menarche, late-age menopause and postmenopansal obesity. However, these risk factors only account for about half of the in-cidence of breast cancer. Recent studies provided some clues that three primary hormone responsive virues-human papilloma virus (HPV), mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) and Epstein Barr virus (EBV)may act play roles in pathogenesis of human breast cancer. This review aims to have a close look at advances on the potential role, probable mechanism and relating hypothesis of Human papillomavirus in human breast cancer.

Leptin,a 16 kD protein encoded by ob gene,has been shown to play a pivotal role in satiaty control and adipose metabolism.However,numemus recent studies indicme that leptin may also take part in mammary cells transformation,proliferation and angiogensis.Those evidences suggest that leptin has an important role in the mammary cell tumorigenesis and progession,but the undedine mechanism needs further exploration.Our aim is to review the current andvances on leptin's role in tumourigenesis and progression of breast cancer from perspectives of in vitro,aniamal model and breast cancer biopsy studies.

Mannose-binding lectin(MBL) is a key component of the innate immune system that plays a pluripotent role in natural defense.MBL genetic variants are associated with increased susceptibility to and the severity and prognosis of various diseases.The association between low MBL-producing allelic variants and disease risk and/or severity is particularly strong in infectious and autoimmune diseases.Enhanced risk for disease by low MBL producers is particularly the case for children and immunocompromised patients,especially when primary and secondary immune deficiencies coexist.Therefore the use of MBL testing and replacement therapy has reached the threshold of personalized medicine.The author presents a review of the role of MBL in health and diseases,the advances in MBL testing methodology and MBL related therapies.

Since Bence-Jones protein was discovered and used in multiple myeloma, many tumor markers have been used in diagnosis and treatment monitoring of various cancers. However the lack of specificity and sensitivity of most tumor markers is always limiting their application in research and clinical diagnosis currently. It is predicted that the future development of tumor marker research may mainly focus on the innovation of research strategies, such as combined detection of a set of related tumors marker and comprehensive interpretation of testing results.

Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Pathology, Clinical ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends ; Referral and Consultation ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Telepathology ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and safety of albumin combination furosemide in treatment of eld cerebral hemorrhage patients,and provide evidence for clinical treatment of eld cerebral hemorrhage patients.Methods Two hundred eld cerebral hemorrhage patients were divided into control group (110 cases) and observation group (90 cases) by systematic sampling method.The two groups were given the monitor of vital signs,support of organ function,reduce of intracranial pressure and other conventional treatment,on the basis of which albumin (10 g,2 times/day) and furosemide (20 mg,intravenous injection) were given to observation group for 10 days.The levels of arterial blood lactate and vein serum C reactive protein (CRP) of 2 groups were compared at admission,treatment for 7 and 14 days.Moreover,the mortality rate of 2 groups at 14th day of treatment was also compared.Results There were no statistical differences in the condition of patients between the 2 groups at admission (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of arterial blood lactate of control group at treatment for 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those of observation group [(2.56 ± 0.63) and (1.98 ± 0.65) mmol/L vs.(1.91 ± 0.70) and (1.28 ± 0.68) mmol/L],there were statistical differences between the 2 groups (P＜0.05).The levels of vein serum CRP of control group at treatment for 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those of observation group [(120.02 ± 40.65) and (48.75 ± 30.11) mg/L vs.(60.52 ± 30.83) and (13.45 ± 6.02) mg/L],there were statistical differences between the 2 groups (P ＜ 0.05).The mortality rate at 14th day of treatment of control group was significantly higher than that of observation group [22.73％ (25/110) vs.13.33％ (12/90)],there was statistical differences between the 2 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Albumin combination furosemide in treatment of eld cerebral hemorrhage patients can relieve the inflammatory reaction and decrease the mortality rate,it is expected to become the routine treatment in eld cerebral hemorrhage patients.

Objective: To investigate several factors influencing Tongmaihuashuan Capsule packing variation. Methods:To prepare Tongmaihuashuan granule with different granule size and distribution. To add the talcum for 0,2%,5% in order to increase its fluidity and to place the granule under the different humidity in order to maintain different water content. To fill the capsule with these granules by the capsule filling machine with the rotating velocity of 1100r/min and 1430r/min, respectively. To determine precisely the capsules average weight and compare their weight standard deviation. Results: When the granule size of “b” is more uniform than that of “a”, the weight standard deviation of “b” and “a” are 0.0525g and 0.0623g, respectively. When the talcum is added for 0,2%,5%, the weight standard deviation are 0.064g, 0.052 g and 0.047g, respectively. When the water content of granule are 2.4%, 4.1%, 9.8%, the weight standard deviation are 0.043g, 0.064g, 0.075g . When the velocity of capsule filling machine are 1100r/min and 1430r/min, the weight standard deviation are 0.053g and 0.062g. Conclusion: The granule size, fluidity, water content and the velocity of capsule filling machine influence Tongmaihuashuan capsule packing variation. In order to control the capsule quality, these factors should be considered and optimized.

BACKGROUND:For the elderly osteoporotic thoracolumbar burst fractures without nerve root symptoms,it is difficult to choose between traditional surgical and conservative treatment,because they have their advantages and disadvantages.How to select their advantages and to discard their disadvantages? Concept of minimal invasion builds a new platform and provides a new way of thinking and therapeutic tool.OBJECTIVE:To design and develop a new thoracolumbar distraction reduction devicein vitro in the repair of elderly osteoporotic burst fractures.METHODS:We designed and developed a new type of thoracic and lumbar spinein vitrodistraction reduction device,including bracket,guide pin and two holow screws.Its characteristic is that it also contained distractor,pressurizer and wrench.In accordance with the theory of muscles as important as bones and actual anatomical condition,bone fragment in the spine canal was restored using percutaneous ligament reconstructive technique.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:This thoracic and lumbar spinein vitro distraction reduction device combined with ligament reconstructive technique can be used in elderly osteoporotic burst fractures and elderly osteoporotic compression fractures.It is percutaneous minimaly invasive operation,can restore the height of anterior and central cylinders and correct Cobb's angle through multi angle distraction.Simultaneously,percutaneousvertebroplasty can be utilized.Bone cement was infused in the injured vertebra.According to patients' economic situation,percutaneous baloon kyphoplasty can be employed.These can provide an inexpensive,less-pain,less-invasive way to repair.

Objective To translate the Venous Leg Ulcer Quality of life Questionnaire (VLU-QoL) into Chinese and evaluate the reliability and validity of Chinese version.Methods VLU-QoL was translated into Chinese according to the standards setted by ISPOR.Totally 232 patients with venous leg ulcer were recruited and investigated by the Chinese version of VLU-QoL.Results The Chinese version of VLU-QoL comprised 34 items,Cronbach α was 0.940,inter-rater reliability was 0.841;test-retest reliability was 0.825.I-CVI was 0.83-1.00,S-CVI/Ave was 0.955;Criterion-related validity were 0.714 and 0.541;factor analysis got 3 factors,which explained 54.367％ of the total variance.Conclusions The Chinese version of VLU-QoL has been proved to be reliable and valid.It can be used as a valid tool for the measurement of quality of life for patients with venous leg ulcer.