Objective To investigate inhibition effect of leptin on apoptosis of MCF-7 cells and its potential mechanism.Methods MCF-7 cells were cultured and devided into 5 groups:control group,tamoxifen (10-5 mol/L) group,tamoxifen(10-5 mol/L)-leptin(102 ng/mL)group,tamoxifen (10-5 mol/L)-leptin(103 ng/mL) group,tamoxifen(10-5 mol/L)-leptin(104 ng/mL)group.Fourty-eight hours after being treated with corresponding concentration of leptin and tamoxifen respectively,all groups of cells were quantatively tested for apoptosis by ELISA and were semi-quantatively detected for survivin,Bcl-2,Bax mRNA change by real-time PCR.Results Tamoxifen induced MCF-7 apoptosis were inhibited by leptin at a serial concentration of 103 ng/mL,104 ng/mL.Meanwhile,leptin largely enhanced survivin mRNA expression in MCF-7 cells,compared with control group.However,no significant increase of BCL-2,BAX mRNA in MCF-7 cells was observed after leptin treatment in either group.Conclusions Leptin could effectively inhibit tamoxifen induced MCF-7 apoptosis in a dose dependent manner.The potential mechanisrn of leptin' apoptosis inbition in MCF-7 cells may involve upregulation of survivin mRNA.

Since Bence-Jones protein was discovered and used in multiple myeloma, many tumor markers have been used in diagnosis and treatment monitoring of various cancers. However the lack of specificity and sensitivity of most tumor markers is always limiting their application in research and clinical diagnosis currently. It is predicted that the future development of tumor marker research may mainly focus on the innovation of research strategies, such as combined detection of a set of related tumors marker and comprehensive interpretation of testing results.

Leptin,a 16 kD protein encoded by ob gene,has been shown to play a pivotal role in satiaty control and adipose metabolism.However,numemus recent studies indicme that leptin may also take part in mammary cells transformation,proliferation and angiogensis.Those evidences suggest that leptin has an important role in the mammary cell tumorigenesis and progession,but the undedine mechanism needs further exploration.Our aim is to review the current andvances on leptin's role in tumourigenesis and progression of breast cancer from perspectives of in vitro,aniamal model and breast cancer biopsy studies.

As an increasing threat to women's health worldwide, breast cancer has many well-established risk factors, including genetic suscebility, high concentration of serum estrogen, early-age menarche, late-age menopause and postmenopansal obesity. However, these risk factors only account for about half of the in-cidence of breast cancer. Recent studies provided some clues that three primary hormone responsive virues-human papilloma virus (HPV), mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) and Epstein Barr virus (EBV)may act play roles in pathogenesis of human breast cancer. This review aims to have a close look at advances on the potential role, probable mechanism and relating hypothesis of Human papillomavirus in human breast cancer.

Mannose-binding lectin(MBL) is a key component of the innate immune system that plays a pluripotent role in natural defense.MBL genetic variants are associated with increased susceptibility to and the severity and prognosis of various diseases.The association between low MBL-producing allelic variants and disease risk and/or severity is particularly strong in infectious and autoimmune diseases.Enhanced risk for disease by low MBL producers is particularly the case for children and immunocompromised patients,especially when primary and secondary immune deficiencies coexist.Therefore the use of MBL testing and replacement therapy has reached the threshold of personalized medicine.The author presents a review of the role of MBL in health and diseases,the advances in MBL testing methodology and MBL related therapies.

Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Pathology, Clinical ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends ; Referral and Consultation ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Telepathology ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends

OBJECTIVE: To compare several METHODS: ameliorating the disintegration of calcium citrate tablet .METHODS: To prepare calcium citrate tablet by six different METHODS: and to determine and evaluate the prepared tablet in respect to the apperance,difference in weight of tablets,hardness,friability and stability .RESULTS:The disintegration was not significantly ameliorated by increasing disintegrant or decreasing lubricant .The hardness was decreased and the friability was increased by decreasing the amount of binder or adding more disintegrant or crushing calcium citrate to powder.The two latter METHODS: increased the difference in weight of tablets.CONCLUSION:The optimal method to ameliorate the disintegration is to diminish the grain diameter and the other parameters of quality is able to be up to the standard.

Objective To probe a selective cultural method for bovine retinal endothelial cells (BREC) and pericytes (BRP) in vitro. Methods With the isolation of active retinal blood vessels, BREC were cultured in a fibronectin coated substrate and Dulbecco′s Modified Eagle′s Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% human serum and 100 ?g/ml heparin, while homogeneous cultures of retinal pericytes were obtained when isolated microvessels were seeded to uncoated dishes and grown in DMEM supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum. BREC were identified by acetylated-low density lipoprotein (Dil-Ac-LDL) incorporation and immunohistochemical method of Von Willebrand factor, while BRP were identified by immunohistochemical method of ?-isoform of smooth-muscle actin. Results The purity of selectively cultured BREC and BRP was more than 98%, being reproducible. BREC got together around the microvessel fragments with the small-cyprinoid-like configuration at first,and could phagocytize Dil-Ac-LDL with the expression of fluorescence in cytoplasm. The expressions of Von Wllebrand factor and ?-isoform of smooth-muscle actin were positive and negative respectively in BREC, while were negative and positive respectively in BRP. Conclusion BREC and BRP with high purity can be obtained by using selective culture and coated-dishes respectively which are simple and repeatable methods.

Objective To study the effects of advanced glycation end (AGEs) products induced by bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the survival and the morphology of bovine retinal endothelial cells (BREC) and pericytes (BRP). Methods BSA with the final concentration of 50 mg/ml was incubated in PBS, containing 500 mmol/L D-glucose, for 12 weeks under 37℃. AGEs-BSA was purified by Sephacryl S-300 column chromatography and was confirmed by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The concentration of AGEs-BSA was determined by the method of commassie protein assay. In order to detect the toxic effects of AGEs-BSA on cultured BREC and BRP, groups of AGEs-BSA and BSA with different concentration and untreated control were set up. Phase contrast microscope was used to observe the effect of AGEs-BSA and BSA (with the concentration of 500 ?g/ml and actuation duration of 48 hours) on morphology of BREC and BRP. Results[WTBZ] As the dosage of AGEs-BSA increased, the number of inhibited cells increased. When the concentration of AGEs-BSA was 500 ?g/ml, the inhibited BREC in AGEs-BSA group was (72.8?15.9)% of which in untreated control group, and the inhibited BRP was (64.8?9) % of which in untreated control group. AGEs-BSA with low concentration promoted the proliferation of endothelial cells, but there was no significant difference between AGEs-BSA and the control group (P=0.231). Inhibited proliferation and abnormal morphology were seen under the phase contrast microscope while the normal morphology of cells was found in BSA and control group. Conclusion AGEs-BSA with the high concentration may inhibit the growth of both BREC and BRP, which leads the loss of BRP and damage of vascular function. These results suggest that nonenzymatic glycosylation plays a major role in diabetic complications.

Objective: To observe the effects of salvia miltiorrhizae compound (SMC) on serum endothelin (ET), TXB_2 and PGI_2 levels in patients undergoing CPB. Method: Twenty patients with congenital heart disease were randomly divided into control group (group Ⅰ) and treated group (group Ⅱ). SMC (200mg/kg) were given intravenously in group Ⅱ before operation and during rewarming, in group Ⅰ eqivalent volumes of normal saline were administered at the same time point. The serum ET,TXB_2 and PGI_2 levels were measured at preoperation (T_0) 5min (T_1), and 30min (T_2) following CPB, 10min (T_3), 30min (T_4) and 60min (T_5) following reperfusion, 24h (T_6) after operation. Result: In both groups,the serum ET level were increased significantly during reperfusion, but much less in group Ⅱ than that in group Ⅰ at T_4, T_5 and T_6(P