ObjectiveTo explore the clinical effects of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration and primary suture combined with choledochoscopy (LBEPS) and laparoscopic common bile and duct exploration T-tube drainage(LCHTD) on cholelithiasis.Methods101 cholelithiasis patients were selected and,grouped by the operation methods.56 cases were treated with LCHTD,while 45 cases were treated with LBEPS.The operation time,blood lose,and postoperative digest function recovery time were ampared betreen two groups.ResultsThe operation time betreen the two groups has no significant difference(P ＞ 0.05 ),while the blood lose,postoperative digest function recovery time in LBEPS group were better than the LCHTD group( all P ＜ 0.05 ),the differences were statistically significant.Meanwhile the LBEPS group had a less complication and re-treatment rate than those of the LCHTD group ( P＜0.05).ConclusionCompared with LCHTD,LBEPS had smaller trauma,less operation complications and faster postoperative digest recovery time,worthy of clinical promotion.

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) plays an important role in the development of leukemia.COX-2 inhibitor plays a certain anti-leukemia role in the process.Many studies show that COX-2 inhibitor plays antileukemia role by inhibiting the proliferation of leukemia cell,promoting apoptosis,affecting cell cycle,inhibiting cell metastasis and reversing cell drug resistance and so on.Therefore,the researches about the anti-leukemia mechanisms of COX-2 inhibitor will provide a new target in clinical prevention and treatment of leukemia.

Objective: To optimize the extraction process for polysaccharides from the stems of Acanthopanax gracilistylus by smashing tissue extraction (STE) and to further investigate their cytotoxicity and immunological activities. Methods: Extraction process for the polysaccharides from the stems of A. gracilistylus was optimized by using the spherical symmetrical design test, and three factors were considered (material-liquid ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time). The test compared STE with two traditional extraction methods, reflux extraction and ultrasonic extraction. The bioassay tests of cytotoxicity and immunological activities on polysaccharides extracted were studied in vitro. Results: The optimal extraction conditions for polysaccharides from the stems of A. gracilistylus were as follows: material-liquid ratio was 1:13.2, the extraction temperature was 80°C, and the extraction time was 420 s. With the best extraction conditions, the yield of polysaccharides from the stems of A. gracilistylus was 0.78%. The yield by STE was higher than those by reflux extraction and ultrasonic extraction in this research. In addition, the bioassay results showed the polysaccharides had no significant toxicity on RAW 264.7 cells at the dose of 10-20 μg/mL and facilitated the secretion of nitric oxide (NO) in the cells supernatant at the dose of 10-40 μg/mL in vitro. Conclusion: These results establish a steady and convenient extraction technology for polysaccharides from the stems of A. gracilistylus using STE method, indicating the polysaccharides have immunological activity to some extent, which provides a theoretical basis for the reasonable development of A. gracilistylus resources.

Objective:Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells ( DCs) were extracted and gave tanshinone ⅡA to intervene ,and we observed the change of DCs function ,which investigate the effects of tanshinone ⅡA in immune system.Methods:Extract bone mar-row-derived DCs,and cells were cultured in complete medium with 10 ng/ml GM-CSF and IL-4.On day 5,magnetic cell sorting was used to purify DCs,and the purify must be up to 90%.Then,a certain concentration of tanshinone ⅡA or LPS was gave to the cell cul-ture,and cells and supernatant were collected for following experiments .We used flow cytometry to detect phenotype , and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect cytokine production of TNF-αand IL-12.Also,allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction was used to detect the ability of DCs to induce T cell proliferation and polarization .Results:When the concentration of tanshi-none ⅡA was 500 ng/ml,the inhibition of secretion of TNF-αwas maximal.So we chose that concentration .Compared with the control group,DCs in experimental group had reduced expression of CD 80,CD86 and MHCⅡ(P<0.05).Compared with the control group ,DCs in experimental group displayed the reduced level of IL-12 and TNF-α(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,DCs in experimen-tal group had reduced ability to induce T cell proliferation (P<0.05).Compared with the control group ,DCs in experimental group in-duced T cell to secret increased level of IL-4,and reduced level of IFN-γ(P<0.05).Conclusion:TanshinoneⅡA can inhibit the den-dritic cells maturation induced by LPS ,which takes part in immune system and autoimmune diseases .

Objective To assess the benefit of intraoperatively placed nasointestinal feeding tubes for early postoperative enteral nutrition.Methods The retrospective study was carried out on 19 cases of in-fants with long gap esophageal atresia who underwent one-stage operation in Xinhua Hospital from January 2006 to December 2013.Patients were divided into two groups according to whether the transanastomotic na-sointestinal feeding tubes(TNFT)were placed.Demographics,associated anomalies,operative findings,com-plications,duration of enteral nutrition(EN),length of stay were analyzed.Results Thirty-seven patients had long gap esophageal atresia and nineteen underwent one-stage operation.Eight patients were identified as TNFT group while eleven patients were identified as nonfeeding tube(NFT)group.There was no significant differences between the two groups in gestational age,birth weight,associated anomalies,anastomotic leak, weight gain,ICU-free days and length of stay(P>0.05).But the ventilator-free days(23.5 d vs.19.3 d), first EN time(0.8 d vs.9.1 d)and total EN feeding time(15.9 d vs.21.4 d)between the two groups were significantly different(P<0.05 ).Conclusion Intraoperatively placed TNFT may lead to earlier EN feeding and shorter parenteral nutrition duration,but a larger prospective study would be required to prove the benefits and ensure the safety.

Objective To investigate the reversing effects on drug resistance of gastric carcinoma by suppressing PI3K/PKB signal pathway,and explore its implicated mechanism.Methods MTT assay was used to test the inhibitory effects of VCR alone or VCR in combination with PI3K/PKB inhibitor,LY294002 on SGC7901/VCR cells.The SGC7901 treated with or without LY294002 served as control.The protein levels of PKB and phospho-PKB in the above VCR cells were determined by Western blot analysis.The mRNA expressions of MDR1,Bax and Bcl-2 were evaluated by semi-quantitative PCR with ?-actin as the inner control.The apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.Tumor volume on the tumor-bearing mice transplanted by SGC7901/VCR cells or cells treated by VCR,LY294002 and their combination respectively was measure for the in vivo effect of LY294002.Results LY294002 enhanced the sensitivities of SGC7901/VCR cells to VCR significantly,and promoted the apoptosis rate induced by VCR prominently,with their corresponding drug resistant index decreasing from 40.45 to 8.50.The protein level of phospho-PKB was reduced,and the mRNA expression levels of MDR1 and Bcl-2 were inhibited(P

The changes of pulmonary rheography of 12 bikers were investigated after they had been physically trained under hypoxic condition in a hypobaric chamber simulating altitudes of 2000 m, 3000m, and 4000m respectively. All the bikers were permanent inhabitants at 1895 meters above sea level.The changes were most marked on the rheographies taken at the simulated altitude of 4000m. Comparing with the control values at the sea level, the authors found that tonic interval (Q-a interval) on the bikers' pulmonary rheographies was prolonged. The amplitude, the mean rate of filling and the rate of maximal ascending of the systolic wave were decreased.The results showed that hypoxic physical training could result in the contraction of pulmonary vessels. In turn it caused pulmonary arterial hypertension and reduced the amount of blood circulating through the lungs. Pulmonary arterial hypertension could further increase the afterload of the right ventricle.Eight days after the bikers returned to the sea level, all the indices also returned to their original levels except the tonic interval. It is apparent that these changes are most likely to be functional rather than organic.

Objective To investigate the effect of nuclear factor ?B(NF-?B)decoy on the chemokine expression in bladder cancer cell line. Methods Human bladder cancer cell line EJ,NF-?B decoy ODN were used as a NF-?B inhibitor(scrambled NF-?B decoy was used as control).NF-?B DNA binding activity was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA);and p65 subunit of NF-?B was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Chemokines including IL-8,MCP-1,RANTES were detected by RT-PCR. Results EMSA showed that NF-?B decoy inhibited NF-?B activation induced by TNF-?.RT-PCR or Western blot test suggested that p65,IL-8,MCP-1 and RANTES were upregulated by TNF-? and downregulated by NF-?B decoy.However,mutated decoy ODN had no effect on them. Conclusions Chemokines can be detected in bladder cancer.They are activated by TNF-? and inhibited by NF-?B decoy.

Objective To study the pharmacological activity of soybean stem soyasaponin. Methods Normobaric hyporia and exhaustive swimming in mice and osteoporosis rats model were used to observe the pharmacological effects of soybean stem soyasaponin. Results Soybean stem soyasaponin 150 mg/kg significantly prolonged the survival time in hyporia and the swimming time of mice and 100 mg/kg in rats improved the syomptom of osteoporosis models. Conclusion Soybean stem soyasaponin has obvious effect on anti-exhaustion and increasing tolerance of oxygen deficit in mice and significant therapy effect on osteoporosis rats.

Objective To provide anatomic evidence for the application of the lateral thigh perforator flap.Methods Dissected five fresh Chinese adult lower limbs specimens which were injected with red latex via arterial cannula.On the lateral area of middle and distal thigh,obseved the number,distribution,course,category,length of pedicle and external diameter of the flaps' perforators on specimens.Results On the lateral area of middle and distal thigh 19 perforator arteris were observed in these specimens,averagely there were (3.8 ± 1.3) cutaneous perforators in each flap.Perforators mainly origined from the third perforator artery of profunda femoris,secondly from the second,fourth perforator artery and superior lateral genicular artery.Cutaneous perforators of the third perforator artery of profunda femoris pierced the flap on (13.8 ± 1.5) cm proximal of the fibulae capitulum,while the cutaneous perforators of superior lateral genicular artery on (8.6 ± 1.3) cm proximal of the fibulae capitulum.Averagely internal diameter of cutaneous perforators was (0.7 ± 0.2) mm at the point where the perforators pierced deep fascia.The diameter of the profunda femoris was (1.9 ± 0.2) mm,and the pedicle length was (12.2 ± 0.6)cm.The diameter of superior lateral genicular artery was (1.5 ± 0.2)mm,and the pedicle length was (6.8 ± 1.1) cm.There were inosculated branch in these perforators which came from profunda femoris and superior lateral genicular artery.Conclusion The anatomic characteristic allowed this flap would likely be clinically useful in repairing soft tissue defects in extremity limbs as a free or pedicled flap,which the cutaneous perforators invariably appeared on the skin of lateral areat of middle and distal thigh ; the flap could obtain enough length of the pedicle from its origination ; the vessel has large caliber supporting a substantial cutaneous territory.