Objective To evaluate the clinical value of interventional chemotherapy and intravesical instillation for preventing postoperative recurrence and metastasis of cancer in urinary bladder.Methods One hundred and eight patients with urinary bladder cancer were divided into group A and group B.Intravesical instillations after surgical operation were performed in group A (n=52) and combined interventional chemotherapy and intravesical instillations after operation were performed in group B (n=56).The patients were followed up for 1 - 3 years.Results In group A,recurrence occurred in 5 cases (9.62%) within one year,and in 23 cases (44.23%) within 3 years after the operations metastasis developed in 21 cases (40.38%),and 18 cases (34.62%) died.In group B,recurrence occurred in 2 cases (3.57%) within one year,and in 11 cases (19.64%) within 3 years after the operation;metastasis developed in 7 cases (12.50%), and 5 cases (8.93%) died.There were statistical significant differences in recurrence,metastasis and mortality between these two groups (P

Objective To investigate the ability of social cognition in patients with right temporal lobe infarction.Methods Fifteen patients with temporal lobe infarction (TLI) and 20 healthy controls (HC) were examined with the recognition of faux pas and reading the mind in the eyes tasks for assessing the ability of social cognition.Results The TLI group performed significantly worse when compared with the HC group (28.6 ± 6.1,36.4 ± 4.3 respectively) as revealed in the total faux pas-related scores (U =41.00,P ＜0.01).For the control question,there was no significant difference between the TLI group and the HC group (9.86 ±0.35,10.00 ± 0.00 ; U =130.00,P =0.097).In the reading the mind in the eyes task,patients with TLI performed worse than the HC group(17.13 ±6.41,29.75 ±2.07 respectively),and the difference had statistical significance (U =0.00,P ＜ 0.01).But there was no significant difference in gender recognition judgment (30.37 ± 1.16,31.35 ± 1.08 respectively; U =106.00,P =0.129).Conclusions The right temporal lobe involves in social cognition.Moreover,the right temporal lobe not only involves in the verbal related social cognitive processing,but also involves in the no-verbal related social cognitive processing.

In order to solve the problem of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to multiple antibiotics, it is an effective way to find inhibitors of P. aeruginosa efflux pump. In this study, 15 new ornithine peptidomimetic derivatives were designed and synthesized by changing the side chain structure of natural amino acids with PAβN, a dipeptide efflux pump inhibitor, and their synergic activity with aztreonam, a monocyclic β-lactam antibiotic, against P. aeruginosa was evaluated. Among them, the representative compound 12b not only enhanced the antibacterial activity of β-lactam antibiotics aztreonam, ceftazidime and meropenem, but also significantly enhanced the antibacterial action of macrolide antibiotics clarithromycin, showing a broad-spectrum synergic sensitization effect. In addition, compound 12b also has a good safety. Preliminary mechanisms suggest that 12b works by directly targeting the efflux transporter MexB. These results provide a new lead compound for the development of a new class of efflux pump inhibitors against P. aeruginosa.

Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Nickel ; toxicity ; Oxidative Stress ; physiology ; Testis ; drug effects ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the changes in sagittal profiles and complications during treatment with growing rods (GRs) in hyperkyphotic early-onset scoliosis (EOS).Methods From December 2009 to December 2016,a total of 32 EOS patients who received growing rods treatment in our center,including 8 males and 24 females,were reviewed retrospectively.All the patients had minimum 2-year follow-up and over 2 lengthenings.Based on the reference value of thoracic kyphosis (TK) in T2-12 of normal children,the patients were categorized into an N group (20°≤TK≤50°,15 cases,4 males and 11 females) or K group (TK≥50°,17 cases,4 males and 13 females).The distribution of etiology was similar between the two groups.The average age was (6.2±2.0) years and (6.3±2.3) years respectively,curve flexibility was 34.6％± 10.4％ and 35.8％± 11.2％ before surgery.The precontoured rods were tunneled submuscularly,connecting proximal and distal anchors,and tandem or domino connectors.The rods were then locked after applying direct distraction that allowed appropriate elongation.The connectors were all placed under the deep fascia.Results The mean follow-up in the N and K groups was (5.5±1.9) years and (5.5±2.1) years,respectively.The distribution of proximal and distal anchors was similar between the two groups.The N and K groups,respectively,had an average number of lengthenings of 5.1±2.0 and 5.3±2.3,with mean lengthening intervals of (11.3±2.3) months and (10.9±1.9) months,respectively.In the N group,TK was decreased from 36.0°±9.4° to 30.6°±.8.3° after surgery,and to 32.2°±7.8° at the last follow-up,demonstrating it was maintained within the normal range.In the K group,TK was markedly reduced from 67.6°±11.6° to 41.7°±8.7° after the index surgery,with a correction rate of 38.3％± 14.6％,and the difference was statistically significant.And then it slightly increased to 46.5°±8.4° at the last follow-up,with correction loss of 7.1％±4.2％,and the difference was not statistically significant compared with the postoperatiom.The complication rate in the K group was significantly higher than in the N group (76.5％ vs.33.3％,P=0.031).The most common implant-and alignment-related complication in both groups was rod fracture (15.6％) and proximal junctional kyphosis (21.9％),respectively.The incidence of rod fracture in the N group and K group was 6.7％ and 23.5％,respectively.And the incidence of proximal junctional kyphosis was noted as 13.3％ and 29.4％ in the N group and K group,respectively.Proximal junctional angle (PJA) in the K group was greater than that in the N group preoperatively,postoperatively and at the last follow-up.Moreover,the increasing amount of PJA was significantly greater in the K group compared to the N group (1.6°± 1.0° vs.0.7°±0.8°).Four and seven complication events in the N and K groups,respectively,were evaluated with Grade Ⅰ.Four and seven complication events in the N and K groups,respectively,were classified as Grade Ⅱ A.Conclusion GRs can effectively restore the sagittal profile in hyperkyphotie EOS patients,but with a higher complication rate compared to the patients with normal kyphosis.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy and action mechanism of muscle-region alignment electroacupuncture in treating post-stroke shoulder pain. Method Eighty patients were randomized into a muscle-region alignment needling group and a conventional acupuncture group. The Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), and serum levels of IL-6, TNF-?, and NO were majorly observed before and after the treatment. Result The muscle-region alignment electroacupuncture and conventional acupuncture both obviously reduced the SF-MPQ score and down-regulated the serum levels of IL-6, TNF-?, and NO, and the decreases by the muscle-region alignment electroacupuncture were more significant than that by the conventional acupuncture. Conclusion The action of muscle-region alignment electroacupuncture in treating post-stroke shoulder pain is plausibly by down-regulating serum levels of IL-6, TNF-?, and NO, reducing or inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors and restraining inflammation.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of late diagnosis for newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS positive patients in Guangxi in 2015.Methods The CD4 + T lymphocytes count which was first detection for newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS positive patients in Guangxi during 2015 was collected.Data were statistically analyzed.Results We collected 8 586 newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS whose median CD4+ T lymphocytes counts was 237.5 cells/μl,and 43.12％ of them had less than 200 cells/μl.Gender,age,occupation,marriage,nation,education,route of transmission,types of testing and region had effects on late HIV diagnosis(all P ＜ 0.05).Logistic analysis found that risk factors associated with the late diagnosis of HIV were male(OR =1.851,95％ CI:1.673-2.048),migrant worker (OR =1.387,95％ CI:1.242-1.549),education below middle and secondary school(OR =1.619,95％ CI:1.400-1.873),currently married(OR =1.207,95％ CI:1.075-1.354),divorced or widowed(OR =1.508,95％ CI:1.309-1.738).Voluntary testing was a protective factor.Conclusions The prevalence the late diagnosis of HIV was high in Guangxi in 2015,it is crucial for related departments to enhance the testing and screening effort for HIV/AIDS.

Objective To explore the operative features and results of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (TN) caused by venous compression. Methods Surgical management technique and outcomes in 33 TN patients were retrospectively analyzed. Compressing venules were electrically coagulated and blocked, and the offending branches of superior petrosal vein complex (SPVC) were partially blocked with the vein trunk preserved. After the veins were divided away from the compressed nerve and the entire cisternal trigeminal nerve were exposed, Teflon graft was properly interpositioned to encircle the whole range of it. Results Location of the vein compression can be at all along the cistemal trigeminal nerve. In the 33 TN patients, 22 were attributed to vein compression associated with artery offence, and 11 to simple vein conflict venous compression, among them 3 to anonymous veins and 8 to SPVC near Meckel's cave. The drainage patterns of the SPVC were classified into 3 groups. The pain get completely relieved in all patients after microvascular decompression(MVD). No recurrence was found during the follow-ups of 2.5 years on average. Four patients developed trigeminal nerve impairment and 2 suffered from disordered cerebellum function after operation, but these complications were all improved through treatment. Conclusions SPVC is the most common offensive vein.Whether the venous compression is main compressing factor or not, it was essential to deal with them properly to get the trigeminal nerve completely decompressed from veins. MVD can accurately identify the venous compression and reduce the recurrence, however, it may result in higher postoperative complications.

OBJECTIVETo prepare silybin lipid nanospheres (SLN) and to evaluate the properties of morphology, particle size and the silybin distribution in mice.

METHODSilybin lipid nanospheres were prepared by thin film emulsion-high pressure homogenization technique. Concentrations of silybin in mice blood, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, heart, stomach after oral administration were determined by high performance liquid chromatography.

RESULTScanning electron micrograph showed that most of the SLN were spherical. The average diameter from photon correlation spectrometer was 148.9 nm with the polydispersity 0.17. Body distribution data indicated that SLN could increase the distribution of silybin in blood and liver, decrease the amount of silybin in stomach as compared with the preparation on market, and the drug targeting index (DTI) in liver was 1.81.

CONCLUSIONSLN can increase the uptake of silybin in liver after oral administration, which must benefit the hepatitis treatment.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Liver ; metabolism ; Mice ; Nanoparticles ; Particle Size ; Phospholipids ; Random Allocation ; Silymarin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Tissue Distribution

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy and micromanipulation techniques of microvascular decompression with whole-range encirclement method and the conventional method in 65 cases of hemifacial spasm.

METHODSThe data of 65 surgically managed cases of hemifacial spasm were retrospectively analyzed for intraoperative findings, surgical techniques, and the patients' outcomes. Microvascular decompression with the conventional approach was performed in 30 patients (group A), and whole-range encircling method was used in the other 35 patients (group B). The patients were also divided into group C (below 40 years, n=27) and group D (above 40 years, n=38) according to the onset age of the symptom.

RESULTSIn these patients, 4 patterns of facial nerve compression were identified: simple contact, contact and indentation, adhesion and encasement, and unidentified offending vessels. The offending vessels included the arteries, veins, and vascular loops. In most patients in group C, the arachnoid membrane around the facial nerve thickened and encircled the offending ve;ssel; in group D, the characteristic changes of the vasculature occurred in the offending artery, resulting in its displacement. In groups A and B, the overall efficacy rate was 80% and 97.1%, with recurrence rates of 13.3% and 2.9%, respectively. The major permanent complications in group A included hearing impairment (10.0%) and ataxia (6.7%), whose incidences in group B were 2.9% and 2.9%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONMicrovascular decompression with whole-range encircling method is a safe approach associated with high cure rate, in which careful avoidance of injuries to the cranial nerves and the penetrating vessels from the root entry/exit zone and the pons ensure good outcome and minimize the likeliness of recurrence and complications.

Adult ; Aged ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Facial Nerve ; surgery ; Female ; Hemifacial Spasm ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Microcirculation ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies