OBJECTIVE:To put forward proposals for governments on how to properly regulate drug market.METHODS:The theory of price elasticity in economics was applied for the analysis.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:With the increasing of national income year by year,the cases for high price drugs to expel low price drugs has become increasingly common.The government policies should be based on the development of pharmaceutical industry,meanwhile government should take mild policy to ease the contradictions arose from the development.

The effect of trichosanthin on mast cell degranulation and histamine release were observed with both Alcian blue staining method and fluorescent histamine determination method. It was showed that, ① in vitro trichosanthin showed no direct effect on the mast cell degranulation and histamine release even in the presence of fresh serum; ② in vivo administration on of trichosanthin in mice could cause significant mast cell degranulation and histamine release in inflammatory situ, as shown by the decreased number of Alcian blue stained nondegranulated mast cell in the peritoneal cavities; ③ intra peritoneal injection of trichosanthin in Wistar rats could significantly increase histamine level in the whole blood, while inducing prominent exudation of protein into the peritoneal cavities; ④ the supernatant of peritoneal exudate lavaged 12 hours after trichosanthin injection could cause mast cell degranulation. These results implicate that, although it showed no direct effect on mast cells, trichosanthin could cause mast cell to degranulate and release histamine via in vivo activation of some soluble mast cell degranulating factors. It was discovered in further study that the depletion of complement by cobra venom factor injection revealed no effect on the production of mast cell degranulation factor, suggesting that, in normal animals, the trichosanthininduced complement activation had no significant influence on the mast cell degranulation and histamine release.

Adult ; Decompression, Surgical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Femur Head Necrosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Young Adult

Objective: To compare the eradication rates of H. pylori infection between a new sequential treatment regimen and conventional triple therapy in functional dyspepsia patients, and to assess the symptom improvement of functional dyspepsia. Methods: One hundred and thirty functional dyspeptic patients with H. pylori infection were randomly divided into 2 groups. Patients in sequential treatment group received 10-day sequential therapy: omeprazole (40 mg daily) plus amoxicillin (1 g twice daily) for the first 5 days, followed by omeprazole (20 mg), clarithromycin (500 mg) and tinidazole (500 mg) twice daily for the another 5 days; patients in triple therapy group received standard 7-day treatment: omeprazole (20 mg), clarithromycin (500 mg) and amoxicillin (1 g) twice daily for 7 days. H. pylori statuses were assessed by rapid urease test and 14C-urea breath test at base line level 4 weeks and one year after treatment, and symptom scores in various H. pylori statuses were evaluated. Results: The eradication rates of H. pylori in the sequential treatment group was 83.58% (56/67) by intention-to-treat(TTI) analysis and 91.80% (56/61) by per-protocol (PP) analysis, and the numbers in the triple therapy group were 65.08% (41/63) and 69.49% (41/59), respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the sequential treatment group (P<0.05). The symptom scores of patients with H. pylori eradicated after treatment were 4.88±1.76 before treatment and 2.18±0.83 one year after treatment (P<0.05); the scores of patients whose H. pylori was not eradicated after treatment was 4.99±1.66 before treatment and 3.89±1.56 one year later; there was no significant difference between the 2 numbers. Conclusion: Sequential treatment regimen has a better H. pylori eradication effect for functional dyspepsia patients positive of H. pylori than standard triple therapy; the symptom of dyspepsia can be greatly improved after H. pylori eradication.

Objective To explore the chronic effect of low levels of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(TCDD) exposure on the protein expression profile in the serum of rats and to get the further understanding of the molecular mechanism of TCDD toxicity.Methods Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into three TCDD exposed groups treated with TCDD at the doses of 875,350 and 140 ng /kg by gavage,once a week,for 29 consecutive weeks respectively and one control group treated with single corn oil.The proteins in the serum were separated and analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry,the histopathological examination of livers was performed at the same time.Results TCDD induced significant fatty degeneration and necrosis in the livers.Several interesting volume-altered protein spots were identified.Among these proteins,Bal-647 was down-regulated,apolipoprotein E was up-regulated by TCDD and fetuin-like protein was only expressed in the group of 875 ng/kg.Conclusion The differentially expressed proteins may contribute to a better understanding of the toxicity induced by TCDD and may be used as the biomarkers of effect for TCDD exposure.

Homo sapiens PDCD10(programmed cell death 10,alias,"TF-1 cell apoptosis related gene 15,TFAR15"),cloned by means of cDNA-representational differences analysis,had been initially identified associated with cell apoptosis.Recent research suggested mutations within the PDCD10 gene or deletion were responsible for cerebral cavernous malformations,and PDCD10 was the third CCM gene.On the other hand,other research demonstrated that PDCD10 was strictly modulated and up regulated in many kinds of tumors,which implicated that PDCD10 participated in tumorous signal transduction.The recent research confirmed that PDCD10 interacts with MST4,a member of Ste20-related kinases,and the interaction promoted cell proliferation and transformation via modulation of the ERK-MARK pathway.In conclusion,all these demonstrate that PDCD10 has many biological effects,which suggests that it is a novel player in vascular morphogenesis and/or remodeling,as well as tumorigenesis and cancer progression.

Objective To determine the median effective target effect-site concentration (EC50) of sufentanil when intraoperative wake-up test was successful in patients undergoing scoliosis surgery.Methods Ninety ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 18-64 yr,with body mass index ＜ 30 kg/m2,scheduled for scoliosis surgery under sevoflurane and sufentanil anesthesia,were randomly divided into Ⅰ-Ⅵ groups (n =15 each).Anesthesia was induced with sufentanil,etomidate and cisatracurium,and maintained with sevoflurane,sufentanil and cisatracurium.The patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated.Before the wake-up test,infusion of cisatracurium was stopped and the end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane was adjusted to 0.The EC50 was determined by the K(a)rber method.The target effect-site concentration of sufentanil was set at 0.19 ng/ml in group Ⅰ,0.18 ng/ml in group Ⅱ and gradually decreased in decrements of 0.01 ng/ml.The wake-up test was performed 5 min later.The EC50 and 95 ％ confidence interval of sufentanil were calculated by the K(a)rber method.Results EC50 of sufentanil obtained was 0.164 ng/ml and 95％ confidence interval of sufentanil obtained was 0.157-0.172 ng/ml when the wake-up test was successful.Conclusion The EC50 of sufentanil is 0.164 ng/ml when the intraoperative wake-up test is successful in the patients undergoing scoliosis surgery.

Objectives To analyze a rare autosomal recessive disease, aggrecan type spondylometaphyseal dysplasia (SEMD), which was caused by ACAN gene mutations. Methods A 7 years old girl was diagnosed with short stature after excluding growth hormone deficiency, idiopathic short stature, and hypothyroidism. Combining family history and clinical features, SEMD were suspected and genetic tests were performed. Results The patient was found with homozygous mutations of c.512C > T inACAN gene, and was diagnosed with aggrecan type SEMD. Her parents were found to be heterozygous mutation carrier. Conclusions In patients with high suspection of a special type of short stature, early genetic tests should be carried out for a clear diagnosis.

Objective: To analyse the behavioral problems of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods: 70 boys fulfilled ADHD criteria of DSM-IV were further divided into 3 subtypes: predominantly inattentive(PI,44 cases),predominantly hyperactive-impulsive(HI,6 cases) and combined type(CT,20 cases).Compare the behavioral problems of subtypes of ADHD and 63 normal children.Results: The incidence of behavioral problems in boys with ADHD(48.57%) was significantly higher than that in control group(12.70%),and significant differences in incidence of behavioral problems were found among the three subtypes of ADHD.ADHD CT subtype had the highest rate of behavioral problems.PI subtype had more fissility than HI;CT and HI subtypes had more aggressive behaviors,and HI had more delinquence than PI and CT.Conclusion: Boys with ADHD had more behavioral problems than normal ones.CT subtype had the highest rate.The characteristics of behaviors were different among three subtypes.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of Liangxue-Xiaofeng Decoction combined with acitretin A capsule in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris. Methods:A total of 80 patients with psoriasis vulgaris from March 2015 to June 2019 in our hospital, who met the inclusion criteria, were divided into two groups according to the random number table method, 40 patients in each group. The control group was given acitretin A capsules on the basis of conventional western medicine treatment, and the study group was given Liangxue-Xiaofeng Decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 2 months and followed up for 6 months. The skin lesion area and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores were performed before and after treatment. The levels of IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-α were detected by real time PCR amplification, and the levels of histone acetyltransferase (HATs) and histone deacetylase (HDACs) by ELISA. The adverse reactions and recurrence during the follow-up period were recorded and the clinical efficacywas evaluated. Results:The total effective rate of the study group was 82.5% (33/40) and that of the control group was 62.5% (25/40). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=4.012, P=0.045). After treatment, the PASI score of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( t=7.921, P<0.01), and the serum levels of IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=12.749, 13.933, 10.856, all Ps<0.01); the activity of HATs [(35.03 ± 3.79) g/L vs. (29.26 ± 2.41) g/L, t=8.125] of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0.01), and HDACs activity [(31.00 ± 2.71) g/L vs. (37.55 ± 3.08) g/L, t=10.098] of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Acitretin A capsule combined with Liangxue-Xiaofeng Decoction can reduce the level of inflammatory cytokines in patients with psoriasis vulgaris, and prevent the disease progression. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of homeostasis balance in acetylation.