Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure with high disabled rate and lethality.Since many causes could lead to pulmonary arterial hypertension,the mechanism studies were developed rapidly,and some new therapeutic targets have been explored according to the multiple pathogenic mechanisms and pathways.We summarized the potential and novel biomarkers of the mechanisms associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension,and categorized based on their relationship to endothelial cell dysfunction,inflammation,epigenetics,cardiac function,oxidative stress,extracellular matrix,etc.The biomarkers can help for diagnosis,sorting,disease severity assessment of PAH,in order to provide the basis for precision treatment and new therapeutic target development.

As a member of growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gene family,GADD45αparticipats in the regulation of cell cycle,cell senescence,cell survival and apoptosis. GADD45αplays a critical role in the responses to cell injury induced by a variety of factors including cell stress and genotoxic chemicals. Different transcription factors and proteins are involved in transcriptional regulation of GADD45αgene. GADD45αprotein has been implicated in the regulation of genomic stability related cellular responses through interaction with other proteins. Genotoxicity test systems based on the char?acteristics of GADD45α in regulation of cell function,can be applied to the detection of potentially genotoxic compounds,which provides new ideas and methods about genotoxicity assessment. The molecular mechanism and research progress of GADD45α in genotoxicity test are summarized in this article.

Objective The genotoxicty and its molecular mechanism of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) were discussed through the oxidative DNA damage induced by environmental tobacco side_stream smoke(ETSS). Methods DNA adduct 8_hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8_OHdG) was used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. The level of 8_OHdG in DNA exposed to ETSS was detected by HPLC_EC.On the molecular biological level,the biological oxidative ability of ETSS on DNA molecule was studied.Organic and inorganic components in ETSS were analyzed by GC_MS and AAS respectively. Results Particles and VOCs in ETSS could directly induce oxidative DNA damage and form 8_OHdG.It was found that there were 123 and 84 kinds of organic compounds in particles and volatile organic compounds of tobacco smoke side stream,and 7 kinds of inorganic compounds in ETSS.Some components especially quinones and polyphenols in ETS,could produce free radicals in vitro by the auto_oxidation without any biological activity systems,and with the catalytic reaction of metals,the DNA aduct 8_OHdG was produced. Conclusion It was proved that ETS had biological oxidative ability on DNA and expressed direct genotoxicity.8_OHdG was a fine biomarker of effect of oxidative DNA damage.

The meaning of proteome research,definition and technique system of proteome are summarized in this article.In the post-genome age,research on proteomics has become more and more important,because changes in proteins which are expressed by genes are the direct causes of life function disorders.Proteome is the entire complement of proteins expressed by a kind of cell,tissue or organism.Proteomic techniques mainly include two-dimensional electrophoresis,mass spectrometry and bioinformatics.In addition,the application of proteome techniques published home and abroad in the field of environmental health in recent years has also reviewed in this paper.

This article made a summarization and analysis on acupuncture related empirical and clinical research literature in Science Citation Index (SCI) periodicals in 2009.Authors used acupuncture respectively as the key word to retrieve in SCI periodicals in 2009 through Web of Science and got 630 articles.The articles were summarized and analyzed on experimental design, experimental research content, disease category, acupuncture accident and systematic review of clinical effect from native and abroad.

Objective To investigate the effects of different concentrations of sevoflurane on adhesion and expression of CD 44 in human breast cancer cell line MCF‐7 .Methods The cells were randomly divided into 4 groups :control group and 3 sevoflurane groups exposed to 1 .7% ,3 .4% and 5 .1% sevollurane for 2 ,4 and 6 h respectively .Cell adhesion rate was detected by adhesion test and the expression of CD44 mRNA and protein was determined by qRT‐PCR .Results in Treat 1 ,2 ,3 ,the adhesion rate at 2 ,4 ,6 h were lower than that before treat ,mRNA expression of CD44 reduced (P<0 .05);the adhesion rate of Treat 2 and Treat 3 at 4 and 6 h were lower than that of 2 h ,and the mRNA expression of CD44 reduced (P<0 .05);the adhesion rate of Treat 2 and Treat 3 at 6 h were lower than that of 4 h ,and the mRNA expression of CD44 reduced (P<0 .05);compared with Control group ,the adhesion rate of Treat 1 ,2 and 3 at 2 ,4 ,6 h were all lower ,mRNA expression of CD44 reduced (P<0 .05);the differences between each group were statisyicaly significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Sevoflurane can inhibit cell adhesion in a concentration and duration of exposure dependent manner ,and its mechanism could be related with the down regulation of CD44 expression .

Objective To investigate the effect of glutamine on energy intake and prognosis of severe burn patients in differ-ent pathway.Methods Using retrospective study method,we brought the patients into our study from October 2010 to April 2014 in accordance with the inclusion criteria.Patients who were given the Gln before 5 days after injury through gastric bowel were brought into the EN group,others who were given the Gln after 5 days after the injury through vein were brought into PN groups. A total of 66 patients were included in this study,with 31 cases of EN group and 35 cases of PN group.Total energy intake,external and internal energy intake,nutrients heating,energy intake/energy consumption ratio,blood glucose control,insulin use and viscera damage(the blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total bilirubin,creatine kinase,lac-tate dehydrogenase),ICU days,hospital stays and mortality were observed in 1,2,3,4 weeks after injury.Results Within a month after the injury,the energy intake of patients in EN group were more than PN group,especially the energy from intestinal canal.Be-sides,the ICU days of patients in EN group were shorter than patients in PN group (all P <0.05).Other indicators of two groups of patients were no significant statistical difference(P >0.05).Conclusion Supplement of Gln may be more conducive to improve the intestinal function in patients with burns may be more conducive to improve the intestinal function in patients with burns,im-prove the degree of tolerance of enteral nutrition,increase energy intake and conducive to improving the prognosis of patients.

Establishment and improvement of rules and regulations will benefit to the management of research institutions.A comprehensive,fair,reasonable,and workable rules and regulations are the basic guarantee for maintaining the orderly,steady,and sustainable development of the institutions.It is also help to fully mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of all members of the institutes.In this paper,we use an example of a construction of rules and regulations in the military medical research Institutions,to analyze current information and posted suggestions on the rules and regulations formulation principles,making procedure,overall framework and main innovation for the future improvement and implementation of rules and regulations.

Absorbable Implants ; Adult ; Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumothorax ; etiology ; surgery ; Polyglycolic Acid ; Silicosis ; complications ; surgery ; Surgical Sponges

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to construct a three-dimensional finite element model of a maxillary anterior teeth retraction force system in light wire technique and to investigate the difference of hydrostatic pressure and initial displacement of upper anterior teeth under different torque values of tip back bend.

METHODSA geometric three-dimensional model of the maxillary bone, including all the upper teeth, was achieved via CT scan. To construct the force model system, lingual brackets and wire were constructed by using the Solidworks. Brackets software, and wire were assembled to the teeth. ANASYS was used to calculate the hydrostatic pressure and the initial displacement of maxillary anterior teeth under different tip-back bend moments of 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 Nmm when the class II elastic force was 0.556 N.

RESULTSHydrostatic pressure was concentrated in the root apices and cervical margin of upper anterior teeth. Distal tipping and relative intrusive displacement were observed. The hydrostatic pressure and initial displacement of upper canine were greater than in the central and lateral incisors. This hydrostatic pressure and initial intrusive displacement increased with an increase in tip-back bend moment.

CONCLUSIONLingual retraction force system of maxillary anterior teeth in light wire technique can be applied safely and controllably. The type and quantity of teeth movement can be controlled by the alteration of tip-back bend moment.