Objective To investigate the risk factors associated with early mortality of the rapid two-stage arerial switch operation, which has a significantly higher overall mortality than that of ASO procedure for D-TGA with a intact ventricular septun. Methods The data we reviewed involving patients who underwent rapid two-stage switch operations from September,2002 to September, 2007 in our center, 13 patients were male and 8 were female, their age at operation ranged from 29 to 250 days afer birth, and the body weight was 3.5 to 7 kg. Chi-squared test and multivariant logistic regression methods were used for the analysis of demographic data, pre-diagnosis information, operation data, interval data combined with the operation time,left ventricle training condition, and the early post-operative outcomes. Results The operative mortality was high at initial stage, and then decreased gradually. The logistic multivariant regression analysis indicated that the mortality of left ventricular training operation was associated with the diameters of BT shunt ( P =0.003 ); the mortality of two-stage switch was associated with feminie ( P = 0.006 ) and pre-operative p. LV/RV ( P ＜ 0.001 ). Conclusion Patients with transposition of the great arteries and intact ventricular septum who missed the optimal time for switch operation should receive rapid two-stage switch operations, which provide an opportunity for the correction of the deformity. The key factor associated with the success for operation was good in heart function after left ventricular training.

Adaptive response is a topic of general interest in medical research. Utilization of adaptive response has become a new treatment strategy for some diseases, the core of which is to stimulate the mechanisms of body internal protection, to improve the adaptive and anti-injury capability, and to maintain the homeostasis of the body. The existence of adaptive response indicates that the body internal protection can be induced and its key mechanism is the inducement of internal protective factors (internal protective proteins). In this article, some connections between adaptive response and the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) were discussed, which indicated that adaptive response is much beneficial for explaining some theories of TCM such as correspondence between human and nature, strengthening healthy qi to consolidate constitution, acupuncture theory, adaptogen herbs, and treating disease before its onset, etc. Thus the adaptive response is of great significance for explaining scientifically the connotative meaning of the theories of TCM and for promoting the integration of TCM and western medicine.

Objective To study the effects of B cells from lupus prone Triple congenic (TC) mouse model on the differentiation and development of T cell subsets. Methods The spleen size and B cell numbers were measured, and surface CD40, CD86 and Ⅰ-Ab molecules on B cells as well as CD4+T cell subsets were detected using flow cytometry when the spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) model TC mice and control B6 mice were 6 months old. In addition, the chimera of TC B cells and B6 CD4+T cells or chimera of B6 B cells and B6 CD4+ T cells were transferred into B6.Rag-/- mice via intravenous injection. Then, T cell subsets in the spleen of recipient B6.Rag-/-mice were observed 7 days after cell transplantation. Results TC mice had significantly bigger spleen [(5337±934) mg] and more CD19+B cell number [(276.0±48.7)×107] than control B6 mice [spleen weight: (91±4) mg; B cell number: (6.4±0.3)×107](P<0.01). TC mice showed markedly increased CD40 [MFI (63.6±3.1)], CD86 [(MFI (18.96±0.44)] and Ⅰ-Ab [MFI (637±41) on spleen B cells compared with that of B6 mice [CD40 MFI: (36.6 ±2.0); CD86 MFI: (14.26 ±0.19); Ⅰ-Ab MFI: (307 ±23)] (P<0.01). In addition, TC mice revealed notably more Th1 subset [(36.54 ±4.22)%] in spleen than B6 mice [Th1 subset: (19.90±0.10)%] [P<0.01], but both strains had equivalent percentages of Th17 and IL-21+CD4+T cell populations (P>0.05). The recipient B6.Rag-/-mice transplanted with TC B cells had significantly more Th1 subset [(54.1±2.8)%] and IL-21+CD4+T cell population [(14.3±1.0)%], but less Th17 subset [(2.05±0.09)%] in spleen than the recipient B6.Rag-/-mice administered by B6 B cells [Th1 subset: (39.5±1.1)%; IL-21+CD4+T cell population:(7.5±1.2)%;Th17 subset:(6.45±1.10)%](P<0.01). Conclusion The B cells of lupus-prone TC mice exhibit a markedly hyper-activation in spleen, and promote CD4+T cells differentiation preferentially into Th1 subset and IL-21+CD4+T cell population, which may further contribute to SLE pathogenesis.

Objective To guide the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive puhnonary diseases (AECO- PD) through studing the principally related factors of AECOPD.Methods 190 AECOPD patients were investigated through retrospective study.First,we studied the thirty-two possible factors with single-factor analysis,then procee- ded to perform multiple-factor analysis with Logistic regression among the factors which P value was below 0.2 in single -factor analysis,and analyzed the principally related factors with two-factor correlation.Results According to Mul- tiple-factor analysis with Logistic regression analysis,there were eight factors that showed significance,which were us- age of respiratory excitant,LBC,usage of antioxidant,heart failure,Cr,selection of antibiotics respectively,WBC and Hb.Correlative analysis of the principally related factors showed no correlation between WBC and LBC.Conclusion The principally related factors of AECOPD prognosis were their recited in results.

Observation of tongue fur is one of the methods of diagnosing diseases in TCM,and tongue fur scaling cytology has important significance for quantitative standard of inspection of the tongue.In this paper,normal and abnormal tongue fur scaling cytology are studied and application laws of tongue fur scaling cytology in TCM syndrome differentiation typing,i,e.,syndrome differentiation of Wei,Qi,Ying and blood,syndrome differentiation of Zang-and Fu-organs,syndrome differentiation of Qi, blood,body fluid,and syndrome differentiation of the eight principal syndromes are expounded.

Objective To review and summarize the experiences of modified extracardiac conduit Fontan operation for heterotaxia syndrome with complex congenital heart disease. Methods There were 11 patients with cynosis complex congenital heart disease, 9 were aspleenia syndrome (right atrium isomerism, including 6 single ventricle with common atrioventricular valve, 2 double outlet right ventricle with atrioventricular discordance, and 1 corrected transposition of the great arteries), and 2 were polyspleenia (left atrium isomerism, double outlet right ventricle with common atrioventricular valve). The mean age was (6.3?3.7)year-old, the mean body weight was (21.0?5.5)kg. 3 patients underwent one-stage modified extracardiac conduit Fontan procedure, 8 patients after bi-directional Glenn operation underwent two-stage procedure. Results During early postoperative period, two patients had low cardiac output syndrome, 1 renal dysfunction; and 1 supraventricle tachycardiac. The time of chest drainage (120*!ml/d) was more than 10 days in 2 patients. 2D-echo showed that superior vena cava blood flow rate was 0.6 to 0.8 m/s, inferior vena cava flow rate was 0.3 to 0.4 m/s. Oxygen saturation were from 0.92 to 0.95 in room air in 9 patients, 2 patients were under 0.86. The exercise capacity was significantly improved. All patients were survived and no early death. At follow-up ranging from 6 months to 2 years, supra vena cava blood flow rate was 0.8*!m/s, inferior vena cava flow rate is 0.4 to 0.7*!m/s. There was no thrombus formation in the conduit. The diameter of fenestration was 0.34*!cm and blood flow from right to left. No pulmonary vein drainage obstruction. Heart function was normal. No atrial arrhythemia were detected. The oxygen saturation in the room air was more than 0.90. No chronic effusion and protein-losing enteropathy, no mid-term death. Conclusion Modified extracardiac conduit Fontan operation is suited for heterotaxia syndrome with complex congenital heart disease. The incidence of arrhythemia is low.

Objective To review and sum up experience of surgical repair of single ventricle. Methods Since January 1973 to December 1999, 47 patients with single ventricle have been repaired. Right ventricle type was 17 patients, left ventricle type was 14, and unrecorded type was 16. Surgical procedure consisted of pulmonary banding 1, Fontan operation 23, and bidirection superior cavopulmonary anastomosis 23. Results Seven patients died. The motality was 15%. There was no death in bidirection superior cavopulmonary anastomosis patients. Conclusion For the single ventricle, early surgical intervention is required to prevent pulmonary congestion and severe cyanosis. The bidirection superior cavopulmonary anastomosis can improve single ventricle function secondary to pressure and volume load to decrease surgical mortality and to minimize the risk factors for subsequent Fontan operation.

Objective:To study TGC on tumor apopotosis and to apply the experimenting basis of TGC's developing and utilizing.Methods:The flow cytometer(FCM) was used for determination apoptosis.The protein expression of Bcl-2 and the mRNA expression of c-myc were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.Apoptosis small body were observed by EU.Results:The TGC group appear the Ap apex,the number of cell of G0-G1 period reduce obviously,the cells of S period increase obviously.Bcl-2 and the c-myc mRNA expression levels were decreased in TGC group.The structure of inner membrane was intacted with EU.Chromatin gathered side of cell,the nucleus turns into the nucleus band and nucleus project,there were many cells of the apoptosis and meniscus or the garland shape(the apoptosis corpuscle formatiol) in TGC group.Conclusion:The total glucosides of radix paeoniae induces the tumor cell apoptosising,its mechanism maybe closely related with adjusting expression levels of the Bcl-2 and the c-myc mRNA.

The function of metabotropic glutamate receptor(mGluRs) in stress response was increasingly gaining recognition. The mGluRs can regulate the level of glucocorticoid(GC), the neurotoxin of glutamate and synaptic plasticity (LTP,LTD). So it may play an important role in stress response. The function of distinct type of mGluRs is different. Their mechanisms in stress response are very complex. So it is very essential to study the function of mGluRs in stress. Furthermore we can explore a new type drug targeting at mGluRs to cure the stress damage.-

AIM:To investigate the efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG)on IL-12,IL-10 expressions of infants with none or low response to recombinant hepatitis B vaccine.METHODS:The geometric mean titer(GMT)of anti-HBs was tested by radio-immunity assay after hepatitis B vaccine stimulation,selected 60 cases with non-or low-response(GMT