High mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) is a typical nonhistone chromosomal protein. It has many celular functions in nucleus. Studies in recent years have showed that HMGB1 can be released to the outside of cels to exert a wide range of cytological effects. Ischemic stroke is one of the diseases with the highest morbidity and disability. More and more evidence has shown that HMGB1 plays a variety of important roles in the occurrence and development process of ischemic stroke. This article reviews the roles of HMGB1 in ischemic stroke.

BACKGROUND:Platelet-rich plasma contains a variety of stimulating factors, and can also raise the proteoglycan and col agen synthesis. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of platelet-rich plasma on the proliferation of goat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. METHODS:Blood samples were extracted from the jugular vein of Inner Mongolia Ximeng goats to harvest platelet-rich plasma using centrifugation method. Then, bone marrow was extracted from the goat’s ilium by puncture method to isolate and purify goat bone marrow mesechymal stem cel s using density gradient centrifugation method. After that, primary cel s at good state were cultured in L-DMEM complete medium containing 10%, 20%, 30%platelet-rich plasma or in simple L-DMEM complete medium. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Within 2-6 days of culture, cel s in the platelet-rich plasma groups proliferated faster than those in the control group, and with the increasing of platelet-rich plasma concentration, the cel s grew faster, with larger number and more mature morphology. At 4 days of culture, the cel doubling time was about 50, 35, 25 hours in the 10%, 20%, and 30%platelet-rich plasma groups, respectively. These findings indicate that goat platelet-rich plasma can dramatical y promote the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s in a concentration-dependent manner.

Moyamoya disease is a chronic progressive cerebrovascular disease. Its main manifestation is bilateral internal carotid artery progressive stenosis w ith abnormal vascular netw ork formation of the compensatory hyperplasia in brain base. The pathological mechanism of moyamoya disease is not clear. Grow ing evidence has suggested that immune inflammation may play an important role in its occurrence and development process. Abnormal expression of various inflammatory cytokines and immune proteins can be observed in patients w ith moyamoya disease. This article review s the possible mechanism of immune inflammation in moyamoya disease in recent years.

Objective To investigate the laboratory ifndings, clinical manifestations and treatment in hemolytic disease caused by red cell immune antibodies in neonates. Methods The laboratory and clinical data from 4 cases of hemolytic disease of neonates caused by red cell immune antibodies were retrospectively analyzed. Results IgG antibody were detected in all mothers of 4 cases during pregnancy and they were anti-E, anti-D, anti-Jkb and the autoantibody with the titer being 16, 2048, 1 and 16 respectively. The four neonates were all full-term. The jaundice appeared 6 h to 3 d after birth with varying degrees of skin stained yellow, with or without anemia. Serology and elution test found the existence of antibody same as the one on their maternal red cells and the titer was 4, 512, 0, and 2, respectively. All neonates were treated by phototherapy. Two servere cases were also treated by whole blood exchange and red blood cells transfusion. The prognosis were good in all neonates. Conclusions Prenatal immune hematological tests facilitated early detection of irregular erythrocyte antibodies and thus assessment of the risk of hemolytic dis-ease of the fetus and neonates.

As a series of multifunctional cells,recent studies indicate that most of the CD4 + T lymphocyte subsets involve in the tumor angiogenesis and invasion,the apoptosis of tumor cells,and the expressions of acute phase proteins and cancer-promoting genes by activating or inhibiting the innate immune cells,the adaptive immune cells and non-immune cells,thus function as tumor promoters or inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Objective To study the various clinical manifestations of niemann pick disease, and to improve the ability of diagnosis and differential diagnosis in order to reduce misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis.Methods The onset and diagnostic procedure of a seven-month-old infant with niemann pick disease were reported and relative literature were reviewed and studied.Results The infant demonstrated severe hepatosplenomegaly, abnormity of liver function, anemia and development backwardness.Bone marrow examination indicated storage cells suggestive of niemann pick cells.Conclusion Niemann pick disease is a group of rare diseases with various clinical manifestations. Clinical suspected cases need further bone marrow examination, pathologcal biopsy and gene tests.

The Doctor Practical Technique Test is one of the two important parts in the Doctor Qualification Tests.The article expounds its importance and complication as well as how to grasp each point of the test.It also makes a statistic analysis of its test results in Chongqing,the feedback information of which will be an enlightenment and help to the reforms in medical education and the standarlized training of clinical residents.

Objective To study the relationship between ghrelin gene polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes.MethodsAll subjects were genotyped for these two single nucleotide polymorphisms(C408A,G346A)of ghrelin by PCR-RFLP assay.Anthropometric variables,blood glucose,insulin,lipid,uric acid and other clinic parameters were measured.Results In control group,the genotype frequencies are as follows:CC 75.4%(n=251),CA 24.0%(n=80),and AA 0.6%(n=2).In type 2 diabetes group,the genotype frequencies are as follows:CC 70.8%(n=143),CA 28.2%(n=57),and AA 1.0%(n=2).There was no significant differences of the genotype frequencies in two groups.In control group,serum total cholesterol in subjects carrying CC genotype was higher than that of subjects without CC genotype(P

Ischemic stroke is one of the diseases with the highest morbidity and disability.Hypertension is recognized as the most important independent risk factor for ischemic stroke.Vascular remodeling during the development of hypertension is the pathological basis of causing ischemic stroke.Studies have shown that vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and apoptosis will lead to vascular remodeling.In addition,cerebral ischemia-reperfusion can result in neuronal damage and apoptosis.Recent research has shown that vascular remodeling and neuronal apoptosis are associated with chloride channels.At least 3 chloride channels including volume regulated chloride channel,calcium activated chloride channel and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator are involved in these processes.This article reviews the roles of the 3 chloride channels in vascular remodeling,neuronal apoptosis,and ischemic stroke.

Objective: To investigate the effect of DL-homocysteine (Hcy) on expression of VCAM-1 and the adhesion between endothelial cells and monocytes in cultured rat aortic endothelial cells. Method: Rat aortic endothelial cells were cultured in vitro and treated by 0-5.0 mmol/L Hcy for 24 h. The activity of SOD and GSH-Px, the contents of MDA in the medium and the rates of adhesion between endothelial cells and monocytes were determined. The expressions of NF-?b,VCAM-1 protein and the VCAM-1 mRNA were detected by immunocytochemical and reverse transcriptase PCR respectively. Results: Compared with control group and 0.01 mmol/L Hcy , 0.1-5.0 mmol/L Hcy significantly inhibited the activity of SOD and GSH-Px, increased the contents of MDA and the expression of NF-?B and VCAM-1mRNA, enhanced the rates of adhesion between endothelial cells and monocytes. Conclusion: Homocysteine may play a crucial role in atherosclerosis by increasing the expression of NF-?B,VCAM-1mRNA and enhancing the rates of adhesion between endothelial cells and monocytes.