Objective: To ascertain the process conditions for extracting the volatile oil from kangchi Capsules. Methods: The effects of water adding amount and extraction time on the yield of volatile oil were studied. The extraction condition of percolation was established with the extract yield and extraction transfer rate of tanshinone Ⅱ A as markers and the optimum condition for reflux method also was selected with the orthogonal test. Results: The volatile oil of Rhizome Acori Graminei could be basically extracted when it was extracted for 5 hours with 12 times of water. Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Radix Polygalae could be effectively extracted with the peocolation and reflux methods in 90% alcohol as a solvent. But the percolation method used less energy consumption and solvent than refluex method. So the production cost was lowered. Conclusion: The experimental results provide the basis for the ascertainment of extraction process of kangchi Capsules.

Objective: To trace the content changes of tanshinone ⅡA in the preparing process of Kangchi Capsule. Methods: Exploring the influences of the different extraction, concentration and drying on the extraction efficiency of tanshinone Ⅱ A. Results: The extraction of the percolation with 75% ethanol was better than reflux, drying at 60?C and vacuum distilation was optimum condition. Conclusions: Choosing proper extract, concentration and drying could lower the loss of tanshinone Ⅱ A in the preparing process to a certain extent.

Objective: To study optimum inclusion process conditions for volatile oils from Herba Schizonepetae and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Methods : The grinding method was compared with the saturated water solution method by determining the ultilization ratio of volatile oil from both herbs. The optimum preparation conditions were investigated by the orthogonal design. The quality of inclusion compound of volatile oil before and after being included were analyzed by TLC. Results : The optimum preparation conditions for inclusion were established as follow ultilization ?-CD and oil was 8∶ 1, The proportion of water and ?-cyclodextrin was 4∶1 (g:mL), and inclusing time up to three hours, The ultilization ratio of oil was 87.1% . Conclusion : The grinding method is better than the saturated water solution method. The method is applicable.

Objective: To study the optimum process of Ganmao Capsules(Rhizoma Coptidis, Herba Ephedrae, etc.). Methods : The extraction of Rhizoma Coptidis and Herba Ephedrae compared with Rhizoma Coptidis according to amount of berberine. The orthogonal design was used to select the optimum extraction according to amounts of berberine and ephedrine. Results : The extraction of Rhizoma Coptidis was better than that mixed Rhizoma Coptidis and Herba Ephedrae. Taking water as solvent, Rhizoma Coptidis was macerated for 0.5h and extracted in sequence three times with 12, 10 and 10 times volume of water extraction time for 1.5h, 1.0h and 1.0h, respectively. And Herba Ephedrae was macerated for 0.5h and extracted in sequence three times with 10, 8 and 8 times volume of water extraction time for 1.5h, 1.0h and 1.0h. Conclusion : The experimental results provided the basis for the ascertainment of extraction process of Rhizoma Coptidis and Herba Ephedrae preparation.

Objective To evaluate content validity and construct validity of International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF)Core Set for patients with organ transplantation.Methods Patients with kidney,liver,heart,or lung transplantation were assessed with ICF Core Set questionnaire,Functional Independence Measure(FIM)and Barthel Index(BI).Content validity was evaluated with frequency and percentage of patients with a problem for each ICF category,while construct validity was evaluated with Spearman correlation between ICF categories with FIM and BI.Results A consecutive sample of 102 patients completed this study.In body functions,10 categories were reported as a problem by more than 30% of the patients,of which 22 categories correlated significantly with FIM or BI.In body structures,structure areas of skin(s810)were reported as a problem by 30% of the patients,of which 3 categories correlated significantly with FIM or BI.In activities and participation,3 categories were reported as a problem by 30% of the patients,of which 15 categories correlated significantly with FIM and BI.In environmental factors,8 categories were reported as a facilitator by 30% of the patients,of which 8 categories correlated significantly with FIM or BI.Conclusion The content validity and construct validity of ICF Core Set for patients early after organ transplantation were good.

AIM: To select the macroresin used for purification of total saponins of Polygala Fallax Hemsl. METHODS: The adsorption and desorption capability of five different macroresins LSA-7,LSA-10,LSA-30,D-101A and HPD-100 in static state were studied by UV. RESULTS: nonpolar LSA-30 and HPD-100 macroporus resin had the optimum comprehensive properties of adsorption and desorption. CONCLUSION: The experimental results provide the basis for selection of macroporus resins used to purify total saponins of Polygala Fallax Hemsl.

Objective To ascertain the optimum condition for extracting Rhizoma polygoni cuspidati and Radix angelicae sinensis with alcohol. Method With extract yield and the amount of polydatin as index,the primary factors of affecting the extraction were optimized. Result The optimum extraction condition was as follows:taking 60% alcohol as solvent,the meterials were refluxed and extracted two times with 10 and 8 times volume of alcohol for 1.5 h and 1.0 h,respectively. Conclusion The optimum extraction process provides an experimental basis for industrial production.

Objective To compare the functional profiles of organ transplant patients using the International Classification of Functioning,Disability,and Health (ICF) core set.Methods The patients were enrolled 5 to 10 days after discharge following an organ transplant.The Functional Independence Measure (FIM),Barthel Index (BI) and the ICF core set were used to assess them.Analysis was conducted by grouping the kidney transplant patients (group A) separately from the heart,lung and liver transplant patients (group B).The prevalence of sevcre impairment in each group was calculated and compared.Results Average FIM and BI secores were both significantly higher in group A than in group B.No severe or total impairment was observed in group A,but in group B,the prevalence of 5 categories (ie.b455,b730,s430,d415 and d450) was significantly greater than in group A.The most prevalent were poor exercise tolerance (b455,56.8％),low muscle power (b730,54.5％),difficulty in maintaining a body position (d415,54.5％),and impaired walking (d450,45％) With regard to the environment factors,the prevalence of e110 (products or substances for personal consumption) and e120 (products and technology for personal use in daily living) were both significantly different in the two groups.Conclusion Heart,lung and liver transplant patients transplant demonstrated more impairments than the kidney transplant patients.All the organ transplant patients deserve early evaluation for detecting any possible impairment.

Objective To establish HPLC characteristic chromatogram ofKanglao Qingfei Granules.Methods HPLC analysis of samples was performed on Kromasil C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5μm), with acetonitrile-1% glacial acetic acid as the mobile phase of gradient elution (0-50 min, 5%→15% acetonitrile;50-70 min, 15%→25% acetonitrile;70-80 min, 25%→40% acetonitrile;80-90 min, 40%→65% acetonitrile, 90-120 min, 65%→95% acetonitrile);the volume flow rate was 1.0 mL/min;detection wavelength was set at 290 nm;column temperature was 30℃. Chromatographic peaks were identified by HPLC-MS/MS method.Results The similarity degrees of 10 batches of samples were all greater than 0.995, and 13 chromatographic peaks were determined as common characteristic peaks, of which 10 peaks were confirmed in the source attribution and 8 peaks were identified in chemical component.Conclusion The established HPLC characteristic chromatogram can be used for the quality control ofKanglao Qingfei Granules.

Objective To study the physical and chemical properties of silibinin; To lay foundation for optimal formulation design.Methods The high performance liquid chromatography method was used to detect the equilibrium solubility of silibininin in various solutions. The partition coefficients of silibinnin in the n-octalution-water and n-octalution-buffer solution systems were determined by shaking flask method. The destructive tests were carried out on silibinin.Results The equilibrium solubility of silibininin at 25℃ was 1.352 mg/L in water and the largest in acetonitrile, and increased in basic buffer solutions and after adding surfactants, of which sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate was the strongest in solubilizing ability. The apparent oil-water partition coefficient of silibinnin was 61.39. Silibinnin was unstable in the acidic, basic, oxidizing and reducing solutions.Conclusion The experiment results can provide references for designing new preparations of silibinin.