BACKGROUND:Previous studies have demonstrated that amblyopic patients have a variety of dysopsia compared with normal people.Engineered visual system could find amblyopia through detection of human visual system.OBJECTIVE:To screen sensitive indexes for amblyopia through visual function examination to establish a intemet-based amblyopia screening method.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Randomized,blinded,and controlled experiment.The study was performed at Department of Optometry,People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from September to November 2008.PARTICIPANTS:A total of 80 volunteers undergoing visual examination in Department of Optometry,People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were selected,aged 4-19 years.All people had no organic diseases of eyes.They were divided into normal group (n=40) and ambiyopic group (n=40) according to their corrected visual acuity (whether ＞ 4.9).METHODS:Using vision system,the various visual function indexes of each participant were examined.The data from single eye and both eyes were collected and analyzed using Fisher.The sensitive indexes were selected to establish identification function for amblyopia screening.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Age,visual noise,orientation identification and contour integration of participants were examined.RESULTS:Results showed that age,visual noise,orientation identification and contour integration were clinically significant indexes,and cross validation suggested that the identification correct rate was 92.5%.The discriminant function of amblyopia was Y1=1.175X1+0.786X2+0.928X3+1.061X4-0.225X5+2.547X6+1.313X7-18.651;the discdminant function of normal vision was Y2=1.369X1+ 1.728X2+1.779X3+1.549X4-1.912X5+2.665X6+0.387X7 26.640.CONCLUSION:Visual noise,orientation identification and contour integration in vision detection system could be used to screen amblyopia in children,in particular with assistance of internat.

Objective To investigate the refraction change and nursing character in myopic amblyopia during the perceptual learning treatment. Methods Refraction of 54 children (98 eyes) with myopic amblyopes were selected,which were selected from the amblyopia clinic between 2007 and 2009, the spherical diopter, astigmatism and spherical equivalent were collected before and after perceptual learning,the refractive dynamic was compared according to the degree of amblyopia. Results The spherical average annual growth of myopic amblyopia during treatment was 0.52D, the growth of astigmatism was 0.03D;the spherical equivalent average annual growth was less than 0.50D accounted for 57.14%. The dynamic changes of spherical or SE of mild, moderate and severe amblyopia had significant difference, but the cylinder had not significant difference in change. Conclusions The treatment of perceptual learning in patients has little effect on the growth of refraction in myopic amblyopia, however, it is still necessary to pay close attention to refraction changes of in myopic amblyopia in the course of treatment.

Objective To investigate the compliance and its impact factors of amblyopic children treating with visual perceptual learning.Methods 116 amblyopic children treating with visual perceptual learning were investigated using self-made compliance questionnaire for amblyopic children treating with visual perceptual learning.Results The average compliance score of amblyopia in treatment of visual perceptual learning was(71.45±10.10) points,ranging from 36 to 92 points.The univariate linear regression analysis showed thatawareness of parents on the amblyopia training,communication with medical staff,parents supervise children training and eyesight improvement speed of children were the statistical significant impact factors.The further multivariate linear regression analysis showed that awareness of parents on the amblyopia training and parents supervise children training were also the statistically significant impact factors.Conclusions The compliance of amblyopic children treating with visual perceptual learning was satisfactory and its impact factors were associated with parents,the supervision and awareness of parents were the key impact factors for amblyopic children treating with visual perceptual learning.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between inflammatory factors and relevant risk factors in patients of essential hypertension (EH) combining acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with its clinical significance. Methods: Our research included 3 groups: EH group, n=79 patients with standard criteria, EH+ACS group, n=85 and Control group, n=48 normal subjects. Blood levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), tryptase (TPS) and relevant clinical, biochemical parameters were measured; risk factors for cardiovascular disease were examined and the relationship between above parameters, risk factors and ACS occurrence in EH patients was studied by Logistic regression analysis. Results: The OR values were all greater than 1 in fibrinogen (Fbg), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), TPS, atherosclerotic plaque, Lp-PLA2 and EH grading. Fbg was the most significant independent risk factor (OR=22.242, 95% CI 6.458-76.609, P<0.0001), the standardized partial regression coefficient b'as absolute value (b') was 1.079 which was the highestone in above 6 variables with the strongest impact for ACS occurrence in EH patients. Conclusion: Fbg, hs-CRP, TPS, atherosclerotic plaque and EH grading were the independent risk factors for ACS occurrence in EH patients; Fbg was the highest risk factor for ACS occurrence with the strongest impact, which provided a new direction for ACS prevention and treatment.

Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) is a new option for corneal refractive surgery,which has developed quickly in recent years.Although modern corneal refractive surgery has reached a high success rate,enhancement may be required after refractive surgery.Reasons for enhancement include initial overcorrection or undercor rection and refractive regression,corneal epithelium and stromal remodeling are two main factors contributing to refractive regression.The corneal remodeling process and the risk factors of enhancement after SMILE,and the potential enhancement strategies and their effects,and wound healing process and corneal biomechanics after enhancement are important issues in clinic.This article reviewed relevant literatures and focused on the above issues.

Objective To investigate the effect of orthokeratology(OK)lens decentration on peripheral retinal defo-cus in myopic eyes.Methods Totally 154 patients(234 eyes)continuously wearing OK lenses for one month or more were recruited in this study.According to the location of defocus rings in corneal topography,these eyes were divided into the centration group(118 eyes)and the decentration group(116 eyes).Peripheral retinal defocus data of each patient was collected by multispectral refraction topography,including total refraction difference value(TRDV),refraction difference value at 15°(RDV-15),refraction difference value at 30°(RDV-30),refraction difference value at 45°(RDV-45),superior refraction difference value(RDV-S),inferior refraction difference value(RDV-I),temporal refraction difference value(RDV-T)and nasal refraction difference value(RDV-N).An independent sample t-test was used to compare the differ-ences in these parameters between the two groups,and multivariate correlation analysis(generalized estimating equation,GEE)was conducted to analyze the relationship between clinical parameters and the amount of peripheral retinal defocus within the group.Results The RDV-N of patients in the decentration group was significantly lower than that in the cen-tration group(t=2.668,P=0.008),and there were no significant differences in other parameters(all P＞0.05).GEE showed that age was the determinant of RDV-S,and they were positively correlated;steep K was the determinant of RDV-I,and they were negatively correlated;gender was the determinant of RDV-T,and female OK lens wearers showed less RDV-T;the determinants of RDV-N include the alignment of OK lens,eye distribution and age,among which,RDV-N was positively corrected with age,and RDV-N of the left eyes was significantly superior to that of the right eyes.Conclusion Subclinical decentration of the OK lens may result in better RDV-N of myopia patients.The peripheral retinal defocus is influenced by factors such as age,gender,steep K,amount of decentration and eye distribution of OK lens wearers.