Hemiplegia is a common type of physical disability in children with brain damage. For many kinds of reasons, the outcome of rehabilitation of the affected upper limb is not good enough, especially in the affected hand. Recently, many studies engaged in the modified Constraint-induced Movement Therapy (mCIMT) to explore the child-friendly way of restraint to improve hand function in hemiplegic children, and were summarized in this paper.

BACKGROUND: Alienation is derived from dissimilation in philosophy.It is practically defined as the subjective state of individuals who develop negative feelings such as social isolation, uncontrollable and meaningless sense, oppression, and self-alienation because they are alien to others, the.society, nature and themselves, and even feel controlled.OBJECTIVE: To investigate alienation from psychological perspective,aiming to construct and verify the theoretical hypothesis of alienation,thereby working out alienation scale for adolescent students.DESIGN: Cross-sectional investigation.SETTING:National Key Research Center of Basic Psychology and National Key Liberal Arts of Southwest Normal University.PARTICIPANTS: The investigation was carried out from March to June 2000. The method of cohort stratified random sampling was adopted and the questionnaire was administered to adolescent students in Chongqing City and Lanzhou City. Inclusion criteria: volunteer students of grade one in junior high school to grade four in colleges. Exclusion criteria: Those who had incomplete data or had differences of more than 6 points in the total scores for three matched lie-testing questions in the questionnaire. A total of 1502 pieces of questionnaire were collected (including 1 066 questionnaires used for exploratory factor analysis and 436 questionnaires for verifying factor analysis); the age of the students covered the whole range of adolescence, and the boy-to-girl ratio in each grade was matched.METHODS:We combined literature analysis, investigation research and interview. The details are as follows: First, theoretical hypothesis was put forward based on literature analysis; then related variances were collected through interviews and open questionnaires, which were compared with the items in scales used home and abroad at present so as to work out predicting questions for adolescence alienation questionnaire. Finally, 52 items were screened out and used to construct the preliminary questionnaire. The formal alienation scale was made after standardized designation of behavioral variances, and verified for alienation analysis in adolescent students.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Behavioral apparent variances were collected based on interviews and open questionnaires, and used as psychological potential variances after statistical processing.RESULTS:Data of 1502 pieces of questionnaire were analyzed.① The correlation coefficient of each item in the scale was over 0.35. ② The correlation coefficient of each item with the dimension was over 0.30, with statistical significance(P ＜ 0.01). ③ The reliability coefficient of each item was over 0.39 with great significance(P ＜ 0.01). ④ Alienation was displayed in three dimensions: social alienation, interpersonal alienation and surrounding alienation, which were associated with the correspondingdimensions of related scales (P ＜ 0.05-0.01). ⑤Alienation could be divided into 9 levels: sense of meaninglessness, sense of self alienation, isolation, nature alienation, parent alienation, environmental alienation, sense of uncontrollability and social alienation. Parameters that accorded with the theoretical hypothesis and used for verifying analysis were proved rational.Based on the analysis of the 9 first-rank factors, second-rank structural model of 3 unrelated factors were obtained using main component analysis and the maximum variance cross rotation with the optimal coefficients of simulated parameters of: X2/df=4.87;GFI=0.94;A GFI=0.90;RMR=0.0S;NFI=0.93;NNFI=0.92;CFI=0.95;IFI=0.95.CONCLUSION: Alienation scale has been proved to be reliable and valid. It can be used to assess alienation in adolescent students and has potential value of application in healthy psychological development and psychological education.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of CT scanning combined with ultrasound technique in diagnosis of malignant bone tumor.Methods 100 patients with malignant bone tumor were randomly divided into control group(50 cases with CT scan),and observation group (50 cases received CT scanning combined with ultrasound technology).The diagnostic accuracy rate,tumor bone formation and destruction of bone,periosteal reaction and soft tissue mass were compared between the two groups.All results were judged by the results of MR.Results Diagnostic accuracy rate of the observation group was 80.0％ (40/50),which was significantly higher than 64.0％(32/50) in the control group (x2 =4.65,P ＜ 0.05).In observation group,diagnosis of bone destruction in 60 cases,the tumor bone formation 10cases,83 cases of periosteal reaction and soft tissue mass in 40 cases,those in the control group were 40 cases,5 cases,62 cases,30 cases,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(x2 =4.86,5.71,6.21,5.22,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The combination of CT and ultrasound in the diagnosis of malignant bone tumors had high diagnostic accuracy rate,and could guide clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate the changes of non-linear dynamics properties of EEG under different mental tasks,and the application of non-linear dynamic analysis for cognitive function research. Methods EEG was recorded in 30 healthy university students under four states: eyes closed,eyes open,mental arithmetic with eyes closed and graphic reasoning test with eyes open.Correlation dimension (D 2) and point-wise correlation dimension (PD 2) were calculated for all subjects.We also performed a surrogate data test in 5 randomized selected subjects. Results In all states tested,the results argued for the presence of non-linearity and fractal D 2 and PD 2.D 2 and PD 2 increased significantly during mental tasks as compared to the rest states (D 2 of above four states was 3.93,4.47,4.33 and 4.98 respectively).The results showed that values of D 2 and PD 2 fluctuated with time,which suggests an intermittent activation of the brain areas participated in the task.With non-linear dynamic analysis,there might be a working circuit from bilateral temporal lobes to the left frontal lobe and parental lobe under mental arithmetic task.Conclusions Through dynamic analysis based on D 2 and PD 2 topographic maps,we can see clearly the distribution of D 2 and PD 2 in the brain,the sequence and the degree of activation of the regions involved in the cognitive task under mental tasks.Dynamic and short-time non-linear analysis methods are more appropriate for the study of mental functions.Non-linear dynamic analysis might help us understand the working mechanism of brain during mental activities.

There is a huge demand of assistive service from persons with disabilities in China. To set up a security system of assistive technology at nation level will help the disabled to get service. This paper introduced the function of assistive device, discussed the necessity of setting up assistive service security system from the perspective of human right, social civilization, government duty, social security, in-dustry.

Gemcitabine is important pyrimidine antimetabolites drug. Ribonucleotide reductase is oneof its targets whose overexpression has been observed in several gemcitabine- resistant cell lines. Meanwhile,the NSCLC patients with high RRM1 expression levels have a relatively poor survival when treated with gem-citabine. To this day, the relationship between RRM1 expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cellsand gemcitabine is still uncertain and it deserves further research.

Microcirculation disturbance and ischemia of the pancreas are important pathophysiological changes in the onset of acute pancrea-titis,and organ hypoperfusion is a risk factor for poor prognosis.During the first 12 to 24 hours after admission,fluid resuscitation is the most important medical treatment for the early stage of acute pancreatitis,and timely and rational fluid infusion helps to improve prognosis. However,there lacks high -quality clinical evidence for type of fluid,infusion speed,and monitoring methods,and more randomized con-trolled trials are needed.

Objective To compare the clinical characteristics of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and normal gestational glucose metabolism at the 25th weeks of pregnant. Methods Sixty-eighty patients with GDM (GDM group) and 68 patients with normal blood glucose(control group) were enrolled in this study. During 25 weeks of pregnancy, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), blood pressure, fasting insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, uric acid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured and body mass index (BMI), homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistence index (HOMA-IR), insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were computed. The results were compared between two groups. Results The age in GDM group was significantly higher than that in control group: (31.38 ± 0.54) years vs. (29.50 ± 0.56) years, P<0.05. The systolic pressure in two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05), but diastolic blood pressure in GDM group was significantly higher than that in control group:(73.2 ± 0.8) mmHg vs. (70.9 ± 0.8) mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa, P<0.05. The body weight and BMI in GDM group were significantly higher than that in control group:(65.67 ± 1.76) kg vs. (57.76 ± 1.11) kg, (24.77 ± 0.61) kg/m2 vs. (22.11 ± 0.42) kg/m2, P<0.01. The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting insulin and HOMA- IR in GDM group were significantly higher than those in control group (5.546 ± 0.746)% vs. (5.085 ± 0.034)% , (17.870 ± 1.015) mU/L vs. (14.400 ± 0.634) mU/L, 4.192 ± 0.271 vs. 2.645 ± 0.128, but the level of ISI in GDM group was significantly lower than that in control group:0.014 ± 0.001 vs. 0.020 ± 0.001, and there were significantly differences (P<0.01). The levels of uric acid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in two groups had no significant differences (P>0.05). Conclusions Compared to those with normal blood glucose, the patients with GDM have the characteristics of higher age, higher body weight, higher BMI, higher diastolic blood pressure , higher level of insulin, insulin resistance and decreased insulin sensitivity.

Objective To analyze the detection results of TORCH antibodies for further understanding the TORCH infection situation among different groups in Qujing area .Methods The detection results of 3035 cases of TORCH antibodies were retro-spectively analyzed ,and the detection results were grouped into the male group and female group ,juvenile group and adult group , and the positive rate of TORCH antibodies was statistically analyzed .Results (1) In the TORCH-IgG various antibodies detec-tion ,the positive rate of CMV-IgG antibody was highest(84 .78% ) .In the TORCH-IgM various antibodies detection ,the positive rate of RUV-IgM antibody was highest(9 .92% ) .(2)The positive rates of RUV ,CMV and HSVⅠ /Ⅱ-IgG and IgM antibodies in the female group were higher than those in the male group ,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) ,but the IgM and TOX-IgG had no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0 .05) .(3)The positive rates of TOX ,RUV , CMV and HSVⅠ /Ⅱ-IgG antibodies in the adult group were higher than those in the juvenile group ,the differences were statistical-ly significant (P< 0 .05) .The positive rates of TOX ,RUV and HSV Ⅰ /Ⅱ-IgM antibodies in the adult group were higher than those in the juvenile group ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) ,but the CMV-IgM had no statistically signifi-cant difference between the two groups (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The infection rates of CMV ,RUV ,HSVⅠ /Ⅲ were higher in Qu-jing area .The infection rates are higher in the adult group and female group .Therefore ,TORCH infection should be early found and the infected persons should take some intervention and treatment measures .