We analyzed on chromosome of peripheral blood cell in comparison to hematological indices from 63 peoples between 1 and 31 years of irradiation exposure. The result showed that the aberrating rate was high in studied groups than control group significantly, especially, the rate of dysenteric choromosome. The hematological alteration is not clear yet.
Chromosome Aberrations ; Whole-Body Irradiation

This paper describes the basic date measurements for total body irradiation with 6 Mv photon beam including compensators designs. The technique uses bilateral opposing field with tissue compensators for the head, neck, lungs, and legs from the hip to toes. In vivo dosimetry was carried out for determining absorbed dose at various regions in 7 patients using diode detectors (MULTIDOSE, Model 9310, MULTIDATA Co., USA). As a results, the dose uniformity of+/-3.5%(generally, within+/-10%) can be achieved with our total body irradiation technique.
Head ; Hip ; Humans ; Leg ; Lung ; Neck ; Toes ; Whole-Body Irradiation*

In total body irradiation (TBI) for leukemia, we have a two methode. One is a AP (anterior-posterior) method and the other is a Lateral methode. Our hospital used lateral methode. TBI must consider about body contour, because of homogeneous dose distribution. For compensation about irregular body contour, we use compensator. For TBI treatment, we must be considered, accurate manufacture of compensator and accurate calculation of dose. We developed the automatic program for TBI. This program accomplished for compensator design and dose calculation for irregular body. This program was developed for uses to use in a windows environment using the IDL language. In this program, it use energy data for each energy: TMR, output factor, inverse square law, spoiler, field size factor. This program reduces the error to happen due to the manual. As a development of program, we could decrease the time of treatment plan and care the patient accurately.
Compensation and Redress ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Leukemia ; Whole-Body Irradiation*

This study is designed to evaluate the effect of low-dose whole body irradiation (WBI) for treatment of myasthenia gravis(MG) and changes of immunological parameters. According to MG protocol of low dose WBI, eleven patients were selected and followed up for at least one year. Clinical status and immunological parameters were assessed at the time of pretreatment (baseline) and 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 months after initial dose irradiation. The improvement began five weeks after WBI and lasted for 12-month follow-up in 7 patients (good responders) Clinical improvement and immunological changes were more pronounced in good responders. So, it is suggested that low dose WBI may have the role in the treatment of the MG as an another therapeutic modality.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Whole-Body Irradiation*

The acute effects of variable dos rates to total body irradiation (TBI) were investigated with 600 cgy of single exposure in the mice as a preclinical model. Total 80 mice (ICR) were used. Twenty of which served as controls, receiving no irradiation. All irradiated mice showed a universal decline in their weight and white blood cell count. The degree of weight loss and leukopenia were similar at 3 different dos rate but slightly prominent with 15 cgy/minute group. The degree of recovery among the groups showed no dose rate dependence. Our results suggest that TBI with 15 cgy/minute may be applicable for clinical therapy with careful evaluation of patient's condition.
Animals ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukopenia ; Mice* ; Weight Loss ; Whole-Body Irradiation*

PURPOSE: Total body irradiation (TBI) or whole body irradiation is used to acquire immune suppression, to treat malignant lymphoma and leukemia, and as an conditioning regimen for bone marrow transplantation. For these purposes, many methods were developed to obtain homogenous dose distribution. The objective of this study was to analyze and confirm the accuracy and the homogeneity of the treatment setup, the parallel opposed lateral technique, currently used in Seoul National University Hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Surface dose data, measured with a thermoluminescent dosimeter, of 8 patients among 10 patients, who were given total body irradiation with the parallel opposed lateral technique between September 1996 to August 1998, at Seoul National University Hospital were analyzed. Surface doses were measured at the head, neck, axilla, thigh, and ankle level. Surface and midline doses were measured with similar set-up and technique in the Humanoid phantom. RESULTS: Measured surface doses relative to prescribed dose for the head, neck, axilla, thigh, and ankle level were 91.3+/-7.8, 98.3+/-7.5, 95.1+/-6.3, 98.3+/-5.5, and 95.3+/-6.3%, respectively. The midline doses of the head, neck, axilla, thigh, and ankle level estimated from the surface-to-midline ratios in the Humanoid phantom were 103.4+/-9.0, 107.8+/-10.5, 91.1+/-6.1, 93.8+/-4.5, and 104.5+/-9.3%, respectively. Measured surface doses and estimated midline doses ranged from -8.9% to + 7.8%. Midline doses at the neck and the axilla level deviated more than 5% from the prescribed doses. The difference of the estimated midline doses at the neck and the axilla level and the actual doses were attributed to the thickness differences between the Humanoid phantom and the patients. CONCLUSION: Distribution of the midline doses as well as the surface doses were measured to be within -8.7 - +7.8% range. Actual dose distribution in the patient is expected to be better than the measured dose range mainly attributed to thickness difference between the patient and the Humanoid phantom.
Ankle ; Axilla ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Head ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Lymphoma ; Neck ; Seoul ; Thigh ; Whole-Body Irradiation*

For evaluation of biological effect of p+(50.5 MeV) Be neutron beam produced by Korea Cancer Center Hospital(KCCH) cyclotron the RBE had been measured in experimental tumor Walker 256 carcinosarcoma as well as normal tissue, mouse intestine and bone marrow, in single and fractionated irradiation. As pilot study, the RBE had been measured for the mouse jejunal crypt cells in single whole body irradiation of which the result was 2.8. The obtained RBE values of TCD 50 of Walker 256 tumor, bone marrow and intestine in single irraiation were 1.9, 1.9 and 1.5 respectively. In fractionated irradiation, the RBE value of tumor Walker 256 was decreased as increasing of fraction number and increased as increaing of fraction size.
Animals ; Bone Marrow ; Carcinosarcoma* ; Cyclotrons ; Fast Neutrons* ; Intestines ; Korea ; Mice ; Neutrons ; Pilot Projects ; Whole-Body Irradiation

Myasthenia Gravis can be considered a lymphocyte dyscrasia. We report four cases of myasLhenia gravis, who were treated with whole body irradiation. Total of 180 rad was delivered in 9 fractions for 3 weeks with every other day treabmenL Three out of four cases showed remarkable symptomatic improvement on follow-up during 3 months.
Follow-Up Studies ; Lymphocytes ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Pilot Projects* ; Whole-Body Irradiation*

Dermatomyositis is an inflammatory muscular disease of presumed autoimmune origin. Many possible interventions are available to treat patients with these conditions including corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, plasnapheresis, and total body irradiation. But these therapies are not always effective, and they may be associated with certain serious side effects. Recently polyvalent. intravenous gammaglohulin(IVGG) has been tried with success in inflammatory myopathies after failure of traditional treatment We report a 8-year-old female patient with juvenile dermatomyositis who improved dramatically after alternative IVGG treatment due to side effects of steroid.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Child ; Dermatomyositis* ; Female ; Humans ; Muscular Diseases ; Myositis ; Whole-Body Irradiation

We studied retrospectively on clinical assessment of treatment in myasthenic patients who visited on our department regularly since 1985. They were divided as a group based on therapeutic modalities such as a thymectomy, steroid therapy. Combined therapy(steroid and thymectomy), plasma exchange. And whole body irradiation. We evluated clinical effectiveness of these therapeutic modalities and come up with following conclusions. Alltherapeutic modalities showed effectiveness. In steroid therapy, thymectomy and the combined therapy. W needed at least 6-24 months for clinical improvement. In thymectomy, rognosis was depend on the number of germinal centers. In whole body irradiation. Effectiveness was shown at 5h week and continued to 6th to 12th months. We also noted that symptomatic improvement was correlated with decreased lymphocyte counts. The effect of plasma exchange was rapid but only short duration.
Germinal Center ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Count ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Plasma Exchange ; Retrospective Studies ; Thymectomy ; Whole-Body Irradiation