Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of combination use of diltiazem and nitroglycerin in preventing radial artery spasm in performing coronary angiography via radial artery access. Methods During the period from Dec. 2012 to June 2013 at authors’ hospital, coronary angiography via radial artery access was carried out in a total of 200 patients. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: nitroglycerin group (n = 100) and combination group (n = 100). After successful placement of catheter sheath 200 μg of nitroglycerin was injected through the sheath in the patients of the nitroglycerin group, while 200 μg of nitroglycerin together with 2 mg diltiazem was injected through the sheath in the patients of the combination group. The heart rate , blood pressure and electrocardiogram were recorded with an electrocardio-pressure monitor before the injection as well as at 2, 5, 15 and 30 minutes after the injection. The occurrence of radial artery spasm and patient ’s general condition were also under observation. Results Radial artery spasm occurred in 5 patients of the combination group , while it occurred in 13 patients of the nitroglycerin group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). No significant difference in heart rate and electrocardiogram existed between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion For the coronary intervention via radial artery access , combination use of diltiazem and nitroglycerin can more effectively prevent the occurrence of radial artery spasm. Besides , combination use of diltiazem and nitroglycerin has no obvious effect on the heart rate , the blood pressure and the electrocardiogram.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of the use of sheathless common 7-F guiding catheter with those of conventional 6-F sheath guiding catheter in performing transradial percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary artery lesions.Methods The clinical data of 160 consecutive patients with coronary artery lesions,who were treated with transradial PCI during the period from January 2014 to June 2015,were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were randomly divided into sheathless group (n=80,using sheathless common 7-F guiding catheter) and sheath group (n=80,using conventional 6-F sheath guiding catheter).The accuracy of the guiding catheter placement,the compression time for the punctured radial artery,the success rate of hemostasis,the incidence of radial artery spasm,the postoperative diameter of radial artery,the fading time of swelling at distal arm,the forearm pain or discomfort,the formation of forearm hematoma,the incidence of pseudoaneurysm and radial artery occlusion,the skin ischemia necrosis,etc.were recorded,and the results were compared between the two groups.Results In the sheathless group and the sheath group,the radial artery spasm was observed in 9 patients and 2 patients respectively,the forearm pain or discomfort was seen in 7 patients and one patient respectively,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05).No statistically significant differences in the accuracy of the guiding catheter placement,the compression time for the punctured radial artery,the formation of forearm hematoma,the success rate of hemostasis,the postoperative diameter of radial artery,the incidence of radial artery occlusion and the skin ischemia necrosis existed between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared to the use of conventional 6-F sheath guiding catheter,the use of sheathless common 7-F guiding catheter is safe and effective in treating coronary artery lesions with transradial PCI.

Objective To explore the correlation between anxiety and the severity of myocardial brigde of left anterior descending. Methods 118 patients with isolated myocardial bridge of left anterior descending underwent coronary angiography were evaluated with Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). They were divided into anxiety group and non-anxiety group. Results There were 48 cases in the non-anxiety group, and 70 cases in the anxiety group. The stricture of myocardial bridge was more serious in the anxiety group than in the non-anxiety group (P<0.01), and positively correlated with the SAS score (r=0.765, P<0.01). Conclusion The anxiety is frequent in patients with isolated myocardial bridge of left anterior descending, and correlated with the severity of myocardial bridge.

Objective To evaluate the effect of heat treatment on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced oxidative injury to human melanocytes.Methods Melanocytes were isolated from adult foreskins,and subjected to a primary culture.After 3-4 passages of subculture,the melanocytes were classified into 4 groups:control group incubated at 37 ℃,heat treatment group incubated at 42 ℃ for 1 hour,UVB group exposed to UVB irradiation at 100 mJ/cm2,combination group receiving heat treatment at 42 ℃ for 1 hour followed by UVB irradiation at 100 mJ/cm2.After three successive days of treatment,MTT assay was performed to evaluate cell viability,a biochemical method to determine the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and concentration of malonaldehyde (MDA),and flow cytometry to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in melanocytes.Results The cell survival rate,apoptosis rate,SOD activity,MDA concentration and ROS level were (100 ± 6.14)％,(4.66 ± 0.58)％,(53.39 ± 8.23) U/gprot,(1.09 ± 0.32) mmol/gprot,and 1070.85 ± 42.07 in the control group respectively.UVB exposure induced a significant increase in apoptosis rate (24.14％ ± 2.90％,P ＜ 0.001),MDA concentration (1.65 ± 0.33 mmol/gprot,P ＜ 0.01) and ROS level (1416.45 ± 79.12,P＜ 0.01),but a significant decrease in cell survival rate (50.23％ ± 5.36％,P＜ 0.01)and SOD activity (31.98 ± 1 1.89 U/gprot,P ＜ 0.01) in the UVB group compared with the control group,while the heat pretreatment markedly downregulated the UVB-induced increase in apoptosis rate (14.9％ ± 1.49％,P ＜ 0.001),MDA concentration (1.10 ± 0.26 mmol/gprot) and ROS level (1033.30 ± 68.41,P＜ 0.01),as well as the decrease in cell survival rate (74.12％ ± 6.17％,P＜ 0.01) and SOD activity (51.63 ± 6.55 U/gprot,P＜ 0.01) in the combination group.Conclusion Heat treatment could protect melanocytes from UVB-induced oxidative injury.

Objective\ Treatment of spondylolisthesis using freeze dried femoral ring allografts plus morselled cancellous autografts (called as composite cortical ring) by anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF). Methods\ Fourteen patients were treated by this procedure, there were six males and eight females. The age of the patients range from 40 to 56(average 46). Ten segments were of grade Ⅱspondylolisthesis, five segments were of gradeⅠ. Ten patients were treated with RF as internal fixation, four patients with short Harrington rod as internal fixation. Results\ The fusion rate and clinical results of ALIF were analyzed by comparing the findings on the X-ray films taken preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively as well as by JOA score. The fusion rate of 15 segments of 14 patients(two segments of 1 patient was fused) is 85.7%, the average improvement rate of JOA score is 73.3%at an average follow up of 26.6 months. Conclusion\ ALIF with composite cortical ring could successfully restore the spinal structure, maintain the interspace height distracted intraoperatively, obtain high fusion rate and excellent clinical results.\;

Objective To evaluate effects of ascorbic acid on proliferative activity of cultured melanocytes in vitro, as well as on H2O2?induced oxidative injury in melanocytes. Methods The optimal concentration of ascorbic acid solution and median lethal dose of H2O2 solution were determined by CCK?8 assay for the following experiment. Cultured melanocytes were classified into the control group, ascorbic acid group, H2O2 group and combination group. During the first 24 hours, the control group and H2O2 group were treated with M254 medium, while the ascorbic acid group and combination group with ascorbic acid solution. During an additional 24?hour period, the control group and ascorbic acid group were treated with M254 medium, while the H2O2 group and combination group with H2O2 solution at the median lethal dose. After 48?hour treatment, CCK?8 assay and flow cytometry were performed to determine the survival rate and apoptosis rate of melanocytes, respectively, in the 4 groups. Biochemical methods were used to evaluate the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and determine the malondialdehyde(MDA)concentration, and fluores?cent staining was conducted to detect the level of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the control group, H2O2 group and combination group. Results The optimal concentration of ascorbic acid solution was 1 000μmol/L, and the median lethal dose of H2O2 solution was 300 μmol/L. The cell survival rate, apoptosis rate, SOD activity, MDA concentration and ROS fluorescence intensity in the control group were 100% ± 4.99%, 6.90% ± 0.87%, 54.71 ± 4.75 U/mgprot, 263.39 ± 20.17 nmol/mgprot and 342.16 ± 27.36 respectively. Compared with the control group, H2O2 solution could significantly increase the cell apoptosis rate(16.47%± 1.07%), SOD activity(103.62 ± 10.44 U/mgprot), MDA concentration(493.70 ± 31.36 nmol/mgprot)and intracellular ROS fluorescence intensity (782.48 ± 36.25), but decrease the survival rate of melanocytes (39.07% ± 2.94%), while ascorbic acid solution markedly down?regulated the H2O2?induced apoptosis (11.83%± 0.95%), SOD activity(76.73 ± 5.20 U/mgprot), MDA concentration(371.82 ± 23.05 nmol/mgprot) and ROS level (475.64 ± 52.18), but increased the cell survival rate (74.31% ± 5.53%). Conclusion Ascorbic acid solution at the concentration of 1 000 μmol/L can not only promote proliferative activity of melanocytes, but also protect melanocytes from H2O2?induced oxidative injury.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Puerarin on expression of inductible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW264.7 macrophage cells induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. MethodsThe protein and mRNA levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced iNOS was determined in RAW264.7 macrophage cells using Western blotting and RT-PCR respectively. ResultsPuerarin inhibited expression of iNOS concentration dependently (P<0.01). ConclusionPuerarin may reduce iNOS level, result in prevention of inflammation.

Objective To investigate the effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in rat model with congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods The model of CHF in male Sprague-Dawley rat was established using subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol. The rats were randomized into model group (n = 10),angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) group ( n=10) and IGF- 1 group ( n = 10). The rats injected with saline were used as normal controls (n=10). The haemodynamic parameters of rats in each group were detected. The concentration of plasma angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ ) and expression of ICAM-1 in rat myocardium were determined by radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry,respectively. Results Compared with model group, ACEI and IGF-1 could rescue the diversities of hemodynamic parameters. In addition, ACEI and IGF-1 could also significantly down-regulated concentration of plasma Ang Ⅱ and inhibited ICAM-1 expression. Compared with ACEI, IGF-1 more significantly inhibited ICAM-I expression (0. 804 ± 0. 024 vs. 1. 254 ± 0. 059) and down-regulated concentration of plasma AngⅡ [(369.2±65.0) μg/L vs. (384.4±56.2) μg/L]. Conclusions IGF-1 can suppress ICAM-1 expression in rat model with CHF induced by isoproterenol. This effect may be related to inhibiting activation of RAS system.

Objective To investigate the effect of exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on neuronal apoptosis during focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods One hundred eight male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 6-8 weeks,weighing 250-270 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =36 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),I/R group and H2S group.Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in anesthetized rats.A nylon thread with a rounded tip was inserted into the left internal carotid artery and advanced intracranially to block blood flow into the middle cerebral artery.Middle cerebral artery occlusion was maintained for 90 min followed by reperfusion.In group H2S,0.25％ NaSH (a donor of exogenous H2S) 10 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at the onset of reperfusion.The equal volume of normal saline was given in C and I/R groups.At 1,3 and 7 days of reperfusion,neurological deficit was scored,and corner test was performed.Brains were removed for determination of myocardial infarct size,Bax-,Bcl-2-and caspase-3-positive cells,and cell apoptosis.The percentage of myocardial infarct size,rate of Bax-,Bcl-2-and caspase-3-positive cells and apoptosis rate were calculated.Results Compared with group C,the neurological deficit score was significantly decreased,and the corner score,percentage of myocardial infarct size,rate of Bax-,Bcl-2-and caspase-3-positive cells and apoptosis rate were increased at each time point of reperfusion in I/R and H2S groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group I/R,the neurological deficit score and Bcl-2-positive cells were significantly increased,and the corner score,percentage of myocardial infarct size,rate of Bax-and caspase-3-positive cells and apoptosis rate were decreased at each time point of reperfusion in group H2S (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which exogenous H2S attenuates focal cerebral I/R is related to inhibition of neuronal apoptosis in rats.

Objective To investigate the value of quantitative parameters of CEUS in predicting the effect of ultrasound ablation of uterine fibroids.Methods Sixty-three patients with uterine fibroids underwent CEUS before operation.The software of gray level measurement in JC HIFU system was used to obtain quantitative parameters of uterine fibroids perfusion.According to postoperative enhanced MR examination,the results were divided into satisfactory group (ablation rate≥70 ％) and partial ablation group (ablation rate＜ 70 ％).CEUS parameters of two groups were compared,and the correlation between parameters and ablation rate were analyzed.The predictive value was evaluated by ROC curve.Results There were significant differences in the time of arrival (AT),time to peak (TTP),enhancement time (ET),enhancement intensity (EI) and enhancement rate (ER) between the two groups (all P＜0.01).The AT,TTP and ET were positively correlated with the ablation rate (all P＜0.01),and the EI and ER were negatively correlated with the ablation rate (both P＜0.001).The area under the curve (AUC) of AT,TTP,ET,EI,ER were all greater than 0.7,among which ER had the highest predictive value (AUC-0.935).Using ER=5.23 as the cut-off point,the sensitivity of predicting ablation effect was 80.0％,specificity was 95.8％.Conclusion There is a certain correlation between the ultrasound ablation effect of uterine fibroids and the quantitative parameters of CEUS.ER can be used as a good predictor of ablation effect.