Objective To select materials with high quality and safety and evaluate the clinical value of multi-point forming technique in skull repairing. Methods 161 patients suffered from skull defect had been cured in our hospital, within them 43 patients were treated with multi-point forming technique in titanium mesh shaping, 19 patients with traditional handwork shaping, 99 patients with bone-like concrete (acrylate). The following aspects were analyzed and compared: neurosurgeons' shaping workload before operations, operative time, approving scale on shaping and complications after operation. Results Repairing skull by titanium mesh with the technique of multipoint shaping significantly shortened the average operative time to (30 ?6) min, compared with acrylate group (70?18 min) and titanium mesh traditional handwork shaping group (50?11 min) (P

Objective To understand the impact of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)blood-stream infection on the length of hospital stay,hospital mortality,and poor prognosis of patients.Methods 357 patients with Staphylococcus aureus (S .aureus)bacteremia in a hospital between January 1 ,2009 and December 31 , 2013 were surveyed and analyzed retrospectively.Results Of 357 patients,91 were infected with MRSA and 266 with methicillin-susceptible S .aureus (MSSA).The length of hospital stay was statistically different between MR-SA and MSSA group(29 d vs 23 d,P <0.01);before infection,length of hospital stay of MRSA group was longer than MSSA group(P <0.01 );after infection,length of hospital stay was not statistically different between two groups(17 d vs 16.5 d,P = 0.92 ).Mortality of MRSA group and MSSA group was not statistically different (13.19% vs 9.02%,χ2 =1 .28,P =0.26).The incidence of poor prognosis of MRSA group was higher than MSSA group(29.67% vs 16.92%,χ2 =6.85,P =0.01 ).Multivariate analysis results showed that MRSA infection was independent risk factor for poor prognosis (P <0.01).Conclusion MRSA infection doesn’t contribute to the pro-longation of hospital stay,but MRSA bloodstream infection is a risk factor for poor prognosis of patients.

Objective To explore the risk factors and prognosis of hospitalized patients with bloodstream infection due to carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB).Methods 163 patients with CRAB bloodstream in-fection from 2010 to 2013 were conducted retrospective case-control study,68 patients with bloodstream infection due to carbapenem-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii (CSAB)during the same period were as control group. Results The independent risk factors for CRAB bloodstream infection were stay in intensive care unit(ICU)(OR, 1 .27[95%CI ,5.55-22.89])and emergency department(OR,3.57 [95%CI ,1 .67 -7.62])before infection.Pa-tients with CRAB bloodstream infection had lower 28-day survival rate than those with CSAB bloodstream infection (66.17% vs 96.95%,χ2 =15.71 ,P <0.001 ).The independent risk factors for influencing prognosis of Acineto-bacter baumannii bloodstream infection were infection of CRAB (HR 95% CI ,3.01 -67.28),blood disease(HR 95%CI ,3.77-25.97),cardiac insufficiency(HR 95%CI ,2.10-20.41),stay in ICU(HR 95%CI ,1 .01 -5.28), and age(HR 95%CI ,1 .01 -1 .04).Conclusion The independent risk factors for CRAB bloodstream infection are stay in ICU and emergency department before infection,CRAB bloodstream infection is risk factor for influencing prognosis of patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of preoperative chlorhexidine bath for reducing the incidence of sur-gical site infection(SSI)in patients undergoing spinal surgery.Methods All patients who undergoing spinal surgery (with no implants)in the department of neurosurgery of a hospital between January 2013 and December 2014 were monitored,the selected patients were divided into control group (January-December of 2013,no intervention meas-ures were taken)and trial group(January-December of 2014,1 .8%-2.2% chlorhexidine bath for two nights before operation),incidence of SSI between two groups of patients before and after intervention was compared,interven-tions effect was evaluated.Results A total of 1 043 patients undergoing spinal surgery were enrolled,41 (3.93%) had SSI,incidence of SSI rates in control group and trial group were 6.47% and 2.34% respectively,the difference was statistically significant (P=0.001).According to the incidence of SSI in control group,actual infected patients in trial group were 27 less than the anticipated patients with infection.The average hospitalization expense in SSI group and non-SSI group were ￥33 641 .00 and ￥23 072.50 respectively,each patient could save ￥10 568.50 on average.Therefore,through the intervention measures,￥285 349.50 of hospitalization expense could be saved. Except ￥2 100 of trial material cost and ￥12 820 of manual labour cost,￥270 429.50 of social cost was ultimately saved.The mean length of hospital stay in control group and trial group were 10 (8-12)days and 9 (8-12)days respectively,rank test showed that the difference was not statistically significant (Z = - 0.68,P = 0.50 ). Conclusion Chlorhexidine bath intervention can not only reduce SSI rate,but also save the expense of hospitaliza-tion,whether it can shorten the length of hospital stay needs to be further studied.

Objective To explore strategies and measures to improve hand hygiene (HH)compliance and correctness of health care workers (HCWs)in a large hospital.Methods The WHO multimodal hand hygiene improvement strategy was adopted by healthcare-associated infection(HAI)management department of a hospital,measures consisted of five key com-ponents,including:system change,education and training,evaluation and feedback,reminders in the workplace,and insti-tutional safety climate.HH compliance and correctness of HCWs were observed by infection control practitioners,HH compliance and correctness in January-June of 2012 (pre-intervention)and January-June of 2014 (post-intervention)were compared,effectiveness of intervention strategies were evaluated.Results HH compliance rate and correctness rate of post-intervention were both higher than pre-intervention (75.92% [8 369/11 023]vs 53.67% [5 127/9 553],P <0.001;94.11%[7 782/8 269]vs 83.88%[3 642/4 342],P <0.001).Of different occupations,HH compliance rates of doctors and nurses were significantly different before and after intervention (both P <0.001),while workers and staff of other oc-cupations before and after intervention were not significantly different(both P >0.05).Except ‘after body fluid exposure’, HH compliance rates of the other four indications for HH before and after intervention were significantly different(all P <0.001).Conclusion HH compliance and correctness of HCWs can be improved after adopting WHO multimodal hand hy-giene improvement strategy.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the concentration of pentane in the exhaled air and degree of the lung injury in non-heart-beating (NHB) rabbits.Methods Twenty-four healthy male Japanese white rabbits weighing 2.4-3.0 kg were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =6 each):A,B,C and D groups.The NHB model was established by exsanguination through the femoral artery.The exhaled gases were collected and lung tissues were removed at 0,30,60 and 120 min after cardiac arrest in A,B,C and D groups respectively.The concentration of pentane in the exhaled gases was detected immediately using the gas chromatography-mass spectrography.The wet to dry (W/D) lung weight ratio and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in lung tissues were measured.The lung injury score (LIS) was recorded.The maximal volume ( Vmax ) of the lung was recorded when the airway pressure reached 30 cm H2O.Results Compared with groups A and B,the exhaled pentane concentration was significantly increased in group C,and the W/D ratio,content of MDA and LIS were significantly increased,while Vmax was significantly decreased in group D ( P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group C,W/D ratio and LIS were significantly increased in group D ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The concentration of exhaled pentane can not reflect the degree of the lung injury in NHB rabbits.

Objective To investigate the effect of Puerarin on expression of C-reactive protein(CRP)in iliac artery of atherosclerotic rabbits.Methods Twenty male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into the normal control group(n=6,fed on a normal diet),basic control group(n=8,fed on a cholesterol diet)and Puerarin group(n=8,fed on a cholesterol diet).The balloon injury of iliac arteries was performed in animals of the basic control group and Puerarin group,and the animals of the Puerarin group were injected with Puerarin(25 mg/kg/d per rabbit)after injury.Four weeks after balloon injury,untreated and balloon injury iliac arteries were harvested for immunocytochemical staining.The mRNA and protein expression of CRP were tested by RT-PCR and immunucytochemistry.Results The mRNA and expression of CRP in atheroseclerotic plaque of iliac artery in the Puerarin group was significantly lower than that in the basic control group(P<0.01).Conclusion Puerarin can make atheroseclerotic plaque stable by regulating of the expression of CRP in iliac artery of atherosclerotic rabbit.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of first-line administration of generic dasatinib or first-generation TKI (imatinib) in patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph⁺ ALL) treated by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods: Clinical features and prognoses of 63 newly diagnosed Ph⁺ ALL patients from Jan 2014 to June 2017 treated by HSCT combined with first-line administration of generic dasatinib or imatinib were retrospective analyzed. Results: Of 63 Ph⁺ ALL patients, 31 cases were administered generic dasatinib, and the other 32 ones imatinib. Complete remission (CR) rates at the fourth week of induction therapy in generic dasatinib and imatinib groups were 96.8% and 93.8% (P=1.000) , respectively. Meanwhile major molecular response (MMR; BCR-ABL/ABL reduce 3log) rates were 41.9% and 43.8% (χ²=0.021, P=0.884), respectively. Relapse rates before transplantation were 6.5% and 12.5% (P=0.672), respectively. MMR rates before HSCT were 83.9% and 68.8% (χ²=1.985, P=0.159), respectively. The 20-monthes overall survival (OS) rates of generic dasatinib and imatinib groups were 95.5% and 76.5% (χ²=0.990, P=0.320) respectively; 20-monthes event-free survival (EFS) rates were 93.5% and 61.4% (χ²=5.926, P=0.015), respectively. Statistically significant differences of EFS were reached. Multiple factors analysis showed that generic dasatinib (HR=0.201, 95% CI 0.045-0.896, P=0.035) and MMR before transplantation (HR=0.344, 95% CI 0.124-0.956, CI=0.041) could improve EFS. Conclusions First-line administration of generic dasatinib could improve EFS for Ph⁺ALL patients treated by HSCT when compered with imatinib.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction using composite autologous patch graft combined with tenodesis of the long head of the biceps tendon in the treatment of irreparable massive rotator cuff tears (IMRCT).Methods:A retrospective case series study was performed on 11 IMRCT patients who were admitted to Affiliated Fuyang Hospital of Bengbu Medical University (Fuyang People′s Hospital) from May 2020 to June 2022, including 7 males and 4 females, aged 54-74 years [(62.6±7.3)years]. All the patients were treated with arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction using composite patch graft combined with tenodesis of the long head of the biceps tendon. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Acromiohumeral Distance (AHD), Constant-Murley score and University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) score and active range of motion of the shoulder joint before, at 6 months after surgery and at the last follow-up were compared. At the last follow-up, the integrity of reconstructed superior capsule and the long head of the biceps tendon was evaluated using MRI of the shoulder joint. Postoperative complications were observed.Results:All the patients were followed up for 13-39 months [16(13, 36)months]. The VAS score, AHD, Constant-Murley score, and UCLA score were 2(2, 3)points, (9.1±1.1)mm, (56.1±5.4)points, and (19.7±2.8)points respectively at 6 months after surgery, which were all significantly improved from those before surgery [6(5, 7)points, (5.1±1.2)mm, (37.9±2.2)points, and (11.8±1.2)points] ( P<0.05). The VAS score, AHD, Constant-Murley score, and UCLA score were 0(0, 1)points, (8.4±0.9)mm, (83.6±3.8)points, and (28.2±2.3)points respectively at the last follow-up, which were all significantly improved from those before surgery ( P<0.05). At the last follow-up, the VAS score or AHD were not significantly improved from those at 6 months after surgery ( P>0.05); Constant-Murley score and UCLA score were both significantly improved from those at 6 months after surgery ( P<0.05). At 6 months after surgery, shoulder active ranges of motion in forward flexion, abduction and external rotation were (134.6±13.5)°, (124.6±18.6)° and 45(40, 50)° respectively, which were all significantly improved compared with those before surgery [(63.2±36.1)°, (65.0±23.1)°, and [30(20, 40)°] ( P<0.05). At the last follow-up, shoulder active ranges of motion in forward flexion, abduction and external rotation were (144.1±12.6)°, (139.6±15.4)° and 60(45, 65)° respectively, which were all significantly improved compared with those before surgery ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in active range of motion of the shoulder in forward flexion, abduction and external rotation between 6 months after surgery and the last follow-up ( P>0.05). At the last follow-up, MRI revealed integrity of the reconstructed superior joint capsule and the long head of the biceps tendon in 10 patients. One patient developed resorption of the greater tuberosity and 1 showed a partial tear of the supraspinatus tendon at 1 year after surgery. Conclusion:Arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction using composite autologous patch graft combined with tenodesis of the long head of the biceps tendon can relieve shoulder pain, decrease upward displacement of the humerus head, improve the function and range of motion of the shoulder joint, and reduce complications in the treatment of IMRCT.

Staphylococcal nuclease A (SNA) may be used to produce bacterial ghosts for further inactivation of host bacteria and elimination of residual genetic materials. It is still controversial if SNA without signal peptide can be secreted to extracellular matrix and if fusion with other peptide is required for its function in the cytoplasm of host bacteria. To clarify this dispute, a series of temperature-inducible plasmids carrying SNA alone or SNA fused with partial sequences of λ phage cro gene (cSNA) or Mycobacterium tuberculosis urease gene (uSNA) were constructed and evaluated in Escherichia coli. Results show that the percentages of inactivated E. coli by SNA, cSNA and uSNA after 4 h of induction were 99.9%, 99.8% and 74.2%, respectively. Moreover, SNA and cSNA in the cytoplasm of host bacteria were initially detectable after 30 min of induction, whereas uSNA was after 1 h. In comparison, SNA and cSNA in culture supernatant were initially detectable 1 h later, whereas uSNA was 2 h later. The nuclease activity in the cytoplasm or supernatant was ranked as follows: SNA > cSNA > uSNA, and the activity in the supernatant was significantly lower than that in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, host genomic DNA was degraded by SNA or cSNA after 2 h of induction but not by uSNA even throughout the whole experiment. In conclusion, this study indicates that SNA, cSNA and uSNA expressed in host bacteria all have nuclease activity, the enzymes can be released to culture media, and fusion with exogenous peptide negatively reduces the nuclease activity of SNA.
Bacteriolysis ; Bacteriophage lambda ; DNA ; chemistry ; Escherichia coli ; Genetic Vectors ; Micrococcal Nuclease ; chemistry ; Plasmids ; Protein Sorting Signals