Happy medical treatment" is a new idea of the hospital. On the one hand, it stresses that the hospital should strive to reduce the pain and increase the happiness of patients; on the other hand, it pursues the goal of medical personnel working happily and enjoying happiness in their work. The creation of the idea of "happy medical treatment" results inevitably from the increasingly intensifying competition in the medical market and from the constantly rising expected value on the part of consumers. By explaining the connotations of the idea of "happy medical treatment", the paper sets forth the basic principles for the hospital to develop the new idea: permeability, systematicness and continuity. An in-depth analysis on these principles is offered.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of insulin glargine versus insulin detemir in the treat-ment of type 2 diabetes,and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,EM-Base,Cochrane Library,CBM,CJFD,VIP and Wanfang database,randomized controlled trials (RCT) about the clinical efficacy and safety of insulin glargine versus insulin detemir in the treatment of type 2 diabetes were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.2 software after data extraction and quality evaluation by Cochrane 5.1.0. RESULTS:A total of 18 RCTs,in-volving 3 638 patients were included. Results of Meta-analysis showed there was no significant difference in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin[MD=0.08,95%CI (-0.01,0.17),P=0.09];fasting blood glucose level in insulin glargine group was significantly lower thaninsulin detemir,the difference was statistically significant [MD=0.15,95%CI(0.03,0.27),P=0.02]. And there was no significant difference in the incidence of hypoglycemia [OR=0.97,95%CI(0.91,1.03),P=0.25];the degree of body mass gain ininsulin detemir was significantly lower than insulin glargine group [MD=-0.95,95%CI(-1.06,-0.85),P=0.003],but the in-cidence of injection site reactions was significantly higher than insulin glargine group [OR=2.28,95%CI(1.16,4.50),P=0.02],the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS:The insulin glargine has better efficacy,than insulin detemir with lower incidence of injection site reactions but higher degree of body mass gain than insulin detemir in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Objective To explore the dynamic changes in the plasma levels of thrombomodulin(TM)with traumatic hemor-rhagic shock (THS).Methods The model of the THS with gradient decerease in the systolic blood pressure was eatablished in 1 7 rats without specific pathogen.The arterial blood during the different phase of shock,i.e.when the systolic pressures were three forth,one second,two fifth of the basis systolic blood pressure,one fifth of the basic systolic blood pressure and 10mmHg,was collected and TM levels in the plasma were determined by the double antibody sandwich method of enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay (ELISA)and analyzed.Results There were significant differences in plasma levels of TM be-tween groups,with TM levels in T2~T3 period of time increased with the extension of time,and TM levels in T4~T5 peri-od of time decreased with the extension of time,and TM levels in T5~T6 period of time increased with the extension of time.Conclusion The animal model of THS was related to the systolic pressure during the shock,may be helpful to assess-ment changes in blood loss.The dynamic observation of the plasma levels of TM which is a good index of the damage to the vascular endothelial cells,may be helpful to assessment of the THS is related to the degree of damage to the vascular endo-thelial cells.

This study was aimed to investigate the induction effect ofRe-Du-Ning (RDN) Injection on rat liver microsome CYP450 enzymes. SD rats were randomly divided into the solvent control group, positive control group as well as the low, middle and high dose group of RDN (1, 2, 4 mL·kg-1·d-1). After drugs were administrated continuously for 7 days, the rats were sacrificed. The liver was weighed and prepared to microsomes. Meanwhile, the liver coefficients of rats were calculated. And the protein content was detected by BCA method. Finally, activities of five important subtypes of CYP450 enzymes such as CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A1/2 were measured by the“cocktail” method. The results showed that the levels of liver coefficients, microsome yield rate and activities of CYP450 subtypes increased significantly in the positive control group compared with the solvent control group (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference on the levels of liver coefficients, microsome yield and protein content between the low and middle dose group of RDN. However, there was significant difference on the levels of liver coefficients and microsome yield in the high dose group (P < 0.05). In terms of the influence on enzyme activity, RDN Injection can significantly induce the activities of CYP1A2 with dose dependence. It can induce the activities of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 at the middle and high dose. However, there was no obvious influence on the activities of CYP3A1/2 and CYP2D6. It was concluded that the positive control group can obviously induce activities of CYP450, which can be used in the evaluation of induction experiments. RDN Injection had induction effect on CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19. But it had no influence on the activities of CYP3A1/2 and CYP2D6.

Objective To investigate the current situation of contact lens cases′contamination and contact lens hygiene compliance in Wenzhou, so as to provide a basis for further improvement of hygiene for wearers. Methods The general data of the wearer and the present condition of the lens cases hygiene compliance were investigated by the questionnaire, and the contamination was judged by themicrobiological culture. Results The positive rate of bacterial culture in the contact lens cases was 43.96％(40/91). Compared with the positive culture group, the negative group performed better in hand hygiene (χ2=17.624, P<0.01), and the frequency of the case sterilization in the negative group (χ2=43.754, P<0.01), cleaning frequency (χ2=69.737, P<0.01) were higher than the positive group. In the choice of cleaning methods, the proportion of using brushing (χ2=65.441, P<0.01) and re-rinsing (χ2=59.663, P<0.01) in the negative group was higher than that of the positive group. The results were all statistically different.Conclusion The present condition of hygiene compliance of the orthokeratology lens wearers in Wenzhou is not so well, and it needs to be further improved. And agents, scrubbing, rinsing and drying are effective for reducing microbes.

Objective To investigate the regular spot check implementation of central sterile supply department(CSSD) at hospitals of all grades across China and analyze its influencing factors to provide the basis for further improvement of regular cleaning quality inspection. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted form February to July of 2017,and 132 hospitals all over the country were selected to investigate with the questionnaire the current status of CSSD management model, staffing and regular cleaning quality inspection. Results The ratio of the nursing staff and the number of beds was 1.15:100,the ratio of staff and the number of beds was 2. 00:100. 81. 82% (n =108) of the hospitals adopted the centralized management model. The qualification rate for regular spot check execution was 87.12% (n=115). The results of multiple logistic regression showed that the centralized management model was more conducive to the regular spot check than the non-centralized management model (OR=4.71,95% CI:1.05-21.08). Conclusions The centralized management model proves positive for the implementation of regular spot checks;and CSSDs should pay more attention to the regular spot check of the cleaning quality.

Objective:To understand the level of discharge preparation of parents of premature infants in intensive care unit, and investigate the status of discharge preparation of parents of premature infants and its influencing factors.Methods:Convenient sampling was used to recruit the 202 parents of preterm infants who stayed in the neonatal intensive care unit in Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from May to December 2018. The characteristics questionnaire and the Chinese version of Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale-Parent Form were used to collect data.Results:The total score of parents' readiness for discharge of premature infants ranged from 111 to 290 (222.28±34.81). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that birth gestational age, birth weight, parity, parents' gender, annual family income were the influencing factors of premature parents' discharge readiness( P<0.05). Conclusions:The parents of premature infants in NICU are not well prepared for discharge. Medical staff should pay more attention to premature infants with low birth age and weight, first-born parents and low-income parents, so as to improve the discharge guidance content, help them prepare for discharge in all aspects and improve their care ability after discharge.

The aberrant epigenetic reprogramme is an important cause for abnormal development of nuclear transfer embryos. The objective of this study was to investigate the CpG island methylation profiles and relative expression levels of H19 gene in different tissues of cloned goat fetus. We detected liver, placenta, kidney, lung and heart in the dead cloned goat fetus and the age-matched normal goat fetus (control) by using bisulfite sequencing and real time PCR. Results indicated that methylation levels of the fifth CpG island of H19 gene in dead cloned goat fetus was significant high compared with that in the control in placenta (70% vs 49.41%, P < 0.05), and relative expression levels of H19 gene was significant low compared with that in the control (883.3 vs 1 264.5, P < 0.05). Reversely, the methylation levels was significant low compared with that in the control in lung (63.53% vs 88.24%, P < 0.05), and relative expression levels was significant high compared with that in the control (1 003.4 vs 515.5, P < 0.05). The differences of others groups were insignificant (P > 0.05). Results showed the abnormal DNA methylation proflies of H19 gene occurred in some tissues of cloned goat fetus, which affected normal expression levels of H19 gene, indicating that aberrant DNA methylation reprogramme may be one of the important factors for the death of cloned animals.
Animals ; Cloning, Organism ; veterinary ; CpG Islands ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Fetus ; metabolism ; Genomic Imprinting ; Goats ; Kidney ; embryology ; metabolism ; Liver ; embryology ; metabolism ; Lung ; embryology ; metabolism ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; RNA, Untranslated ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective : To explore the effect of ( - ) Ⅳmeptazinol⁃serotonin hybrid , [( - ) ⅣMep⁃S] on scopolamineinduced learning and memory impairment in mice. Methods: The binding of ( - ) ⅣMep⁃S and hAChE was analyzed by molecular docking. The effect of ( - ) ⅣMep⁃S on AChE activity was observed in vivo and in vitro. The effect of ( - ) ⅣMep⁃S on learning and memory impairment induced by scopolamine was examined in Morris water maze test in mice. The effect of ( - ) ⅣMep⁃S on the motor behaviors of mice was detected by open field test. results: Molecular docking analysis revealed that ( - ) ⅣMep⁃S binded to human AChE. In parallel , ( - ) ⅣMep⁃S overtly inhibited the activity of AChE derived from mouse forebrain and SH⁃SY5Y neuronal cells , and IC50 values were lower than those of the positive control drug rivastigmine. In the Morris water maze test , mice treated with ( - ) ⅣMep⁃S (2. 5 mg/kg) showed significantly reduced latency on day 4 (P < 0. 05) . Moreover, they exhibited significantly greater percentage of distance travelled and percentage of time spent in the target quadrant in the probe trial on day 5 (P < 0. 05) . ( - ) ⅣMep⁃S at 0. 5 mg/kg did not show any significant effects. In addition , ( - ) Ⅳ Mep⁃S inhibited the enhancement of forebrain AChE activity induced by scopolamine (P < 0. 05) . The open field test showed that the effect of ( - ) ⅣMep⁃S on scopolamine⁃induced learning and memory impairment was not due to the difference on the motor behaviors of mice. Conclusion ( - ) ⅣMep⁃S can effectively inhibit AChE activity and ameliorate scopolamineinduced learning and memory impairment in mice.