1.Study on ganoderma acid in the treatment of rats essential hypertension
Chinese Journal of Geriatrics 2011;30(10):858-860
Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of ganoderma acid in therapy of the rat essential hypertension.Methods 30 male spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) were divided randomly into three groups:control group (CG),ganoderma acid group (Gan) and captoril (Cap) as positive control group.SHR were fed with distilled water (10 ml/kg) in control group,ganoderma acid (0.6 g/kg ) in Gan group,catopril (0.03 g/kg) in Cap group.After 8-weeks therapy,5 ml blood was extracted,rats in every group were sacrificed to get the aorta.The mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD),nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were detected by RT-PCR and the apoptosis of endothelial cells were measured by flowcytometry.Results After the 8 weeks therapy,as compared with the CG group,blood pressure of SHR in Gan group became stable[(112.6±3.2) mm Hg](P<0.01).The expression of SOD,NOS and HDL showed obviously upregulated,and apoptosis of endothelial cell decreased significantly (P<0.01).NO contents increased,and MDA,ET-1 decreased (P<0.01).The contents of LDL decreased and HDL increased (P<0.01).Conclusions Ganoderma acid may improve the function of endothelial cell and decrease the blood pressure by promoting the mRNA expression and activity of SOD,cleaning the radical ions and inhibiting the apoptosis of the endothelial cell.
2.Analysis of related factors on anastomotic leak after total mesorectal excision in middle and lower rectal cancer
Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine 2014;37(11):41-44
Objective To investigate the reasons and prevention measures of anastomotic leak after total mesorectal excision (TME) in middle and lower rectal cancer.Methods Clinical data of 216 cases of middle and lower rectal cancer patients from March 2005 to March 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All the 216 cases,anastomotic leak occurred in 19 cases,which from March 2005 to February 2009 surgery in 96 cases,13 cases of anastomotic leak,from March 2009 to March 2013 surgery in 120 cases,6 cases of anastomotic leak.Time of the anastomotic leak occurrence was postoperative 4-10 d with an average of 7.3 d.There was no correlation between the occurrence of postoperative anastomotic leak and gender,Dukes stage,histological type and incomplete intestinal obstruction (P > 0.05).However,there was correlation with the age,tumor distance from the anal margin lower end,anemia,hypoproteinemia,diabetes and the stapler hand-sewn anastomosis strengthen (P < 0.05 or < 0.0 1).Sixteen cases were healed by conservative treatment,3 patients with severe anastomotic fistula underwent transverse colostomy surgery to cure.Conclusions Anastomotic leak after TME in middle and lower rectal cancer is caused by a variety of factors,fine operation technique,good agreement,full-effective drainage and anal is the key factor to reduce the occurrence of anastomotic leak.Anemia,hypoproteinemia,diabetes and low anastomotic are the risk factors for the anastomotic leak,most cases of anastomotic leak are able to cured by conservative treatment,and if the conservative treatment fails,then choose the right time to colostomy.
3.Experience in Teaching Practical Anatomy of Central Nervous System for Postgraduate Students
Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research 2005;0(06):-
With the rapid development of neurosurgery,requirement for neuroanatomy is increasing in clinical practice.The authors made a primary exploration on how to teach focal neuroanatomy for neurosurgical postgraduate students.The idea of asking the students to draw focal anatomy was suggested by the author with the purpose of making them learn it positively.Software workstation and clinical neuroradiological work-ups such as MRI and DSA were also applied and evaluated.The authors proposed all these procedures be helpful for comprehending neuroanatomy.
4.Effects of ketamine on MAC_(BAR) of sevoflurane in patients undergoing abdominal surgery
Jinning ZHAO ; Wenyuan WANG ; Taidi ZHONG
Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology 2009;29(12):1073-1075
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of ketamine on the minimum alveolar concentration of scvoflurane for blunting adrenergic responses to skin incision (MAC_(BAR)) in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Methods Forty-four ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 30-60 yr undergoing elective abdominal surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=22 each) : control group (group K_0) and ketamine group (group K_1). Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg/kg and fentanyl 3 μg/kg. Tracheal intubation was facilitated with cisatracurium 0.15 mg/kg. The patients were mechanically ventilated. Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane inhalation (the initial end-tidal concentration 3% ). Ketamine at 14 μg·kg~(-1)·min~(-1) was infused at the same time in group K,. The patients' response to skin incision was described as positive if MAP or HR increased by≥15%. If the response was positive, the end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane for the next patient was increased by 0.5%, while if negative, decreased by 0.5% . ResultsThe MAC_(BAR) of scvoflurane was 3.25 % (95 % confidence interval 3.05%-3.45%) in group K_0, and 2.20% (95% confidence interval 1.96%-2.44%) in group K~1. The MAC_(BAR) of sevoflurane was significantly lower in group K~1 than in group K_0 (P<0.05). Conclusion Ketamine infusion at 14 μg·kg~(-1)·min~(-1) can reduce MAC_(BAR) of sevoflurane and enhance the inhibitory effect of sevoflurane on the stress response.
5.Embolization of intracranial aneurysm using Guglielmi detachable coils
Jianmin LIU ; Yi XU ; Wenyuan ZHAO
Chinese Journal of Radiology 1994;0(06):-
Objective To investigate the indication, preoperative evaluation, technical tip, prevention and treatment of complications, effect, and clinical use of the embolization of intracranial aneurysms by using GDCs. Methods From July 1998 to February 2000,93 patients with 118 intracranial aneurysms were embolized using GDCs, including 84 ruptured aneurysms (Hunt-Hess grade, Ⅰ 18 cases, Ⅱ 29 cases, Ⅲ 25 cases, Ⅳ 10 cases, Ⅴ 2 cases). 72 patients were treated at emergency, and 48 patients had CTA examination preoperatively. The operations were completed under the DSA monitoring. Continuous lumbar subarachnoid drainage was instituted and standard 3H treatment was given postoperatively. Results Total occlusion was achieved in 104 aneurysms(88 14%), over 90% in 11aneurysms(9.32%), less than 90% in 3 aneurysms(2 54%), with 3 patients (3/93, 3 23%) died in the cohort. One case rebleeded after 1.5 months and was cured by surgical clipping, 2 patients experienced enlargement of the aneurysmal neck and were reembolized. Following-up was performed from 2 to 22 months, 1 had severe disability, 7 had mild neurological deficit symptoms. Conclusion The results of short-term follow-up suggested that embolization of intracranial aneurysms with GDCs be microtraumatic, safe, effective, and reliable. Partial packing may result in continuous enlargement, rupture, and bleeding, while tight coil packing in aneurysms was reliable. The ruptured aneurysms need emergency embolization, and postoperative continuous lumbar subarachnoid drainage can enhance curative effect significantly.
6.Interventional treatment for intracranial vertebral arterial dissection
Wenyuan ZHAO ; Jianmin LIU ; Yi XU
Journal of Interventional Radiology 1994;0(03):-
Objective To summarize experiences in diagnosis and interventional management for intracranial vertebral arterial dissection. Methods Clinical symptoms and imaging results were analysed in 23 cases of intracranial vertebral dissection, and corresponding interventional managements were reviewed. Results Clinical symptoms consisted of spontaneous SAH and vertebrobasilar insufficiency. DSA usually showed "pearl and string" sign. Interventional management included stent assisted coiling of the dissection, embolization of the affected artery with GDC and to learn the details of the stenotic ICA and draw up and appropriate operation plan.Conclusions Direct energetic intervention should be undertaken promptly for intracranial dissection.
7.Recanalization of occlusive extracranial internal carotid artery dissection through medication of anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents:report of two cases with literature review
Mengnan YU ; Wenyuan ZHAO ; Jianmin LIU
Journal of Interventional Radiology 2006;0(08):-
Objective To determine the effectiveness and safety of antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents in the treatment of extracranial internal carotid artery dissection (eICAD). Methods Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents were adopted to treat two cases of eICAD in our hospital. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed and the medical literatures concerning eICAD, which were obtained from Pubmed database, were reviewed. Results Most researches advocated the empirical use of antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents in eICAD. About 30% of occluded eICAD could be reopened in 8 days and about 60% - 80% in 3 months after the onset of the disease. During the period of treatment, the rate of ischemic stroke recurrence, disability or death was 8.3%-14.3% in anticoagulant group, while it was 7% - 23.7% in antiplatelet group. Conclusion Antiplatelet agents can be used in patients with eICAD who are contraindicated to anticoagulants. Anticoagulants should be used as early as possible in patients who are not contraindicated to anticoagulants.
8.Neuronal apoptosis and caspase 3 gene expression of in vitro cultured rat hippocampal neurons of epilepsy models
Jianmin LIU ; Wenyuan ZHAO ; Rui ZHAO ; Yicheng LU ; Xiaoping ZHOU
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research 2006;10(42):223-225,封3
BACKGROUND: The attack of temporal epilepsy is associated with the loss and death of hippocampal neurons, in which the specific pattern and mechanism of the loss of hippocampal neurons are still unclear, and it is hard to make sure the inevitable association of the epileptic discharge with activation of cysteine-containing ASPartate-specific protease (caspase 3)and neuronal apoptosis, of hippocampal neurons.OBJECTIVE: To observe the neuronal apoptosis and caspase 3 gene expression of in vitro cultured rat hippocampal neurons of epilepsy models.DESIGN: An open experiment.SETTINGS: Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA; Department of Neurosurgery,Changzheng Hospital, the University.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the Neurosurgery Laboratory of the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from June 2002 to June 2003. Ten male or female SD rats with 24 hours after birth were used. The Caspase 3 flow detection kit was purchased from American BD Company, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers were synthetized by Shanghai Haojia Company.METHODS: ① The SD rats within 24 hours after birth were killed by cutting down the head to remove the brain, then bilateral hippocampi were taken out, and hippocanpal neuron models of epileptic discharge were established. The discharge of the models was recorded with whole cell patch clamp technique. The neurons cultured for 8 days and treated with Mg-free medium were taken as epileptic discharge model group, and those cultured for 8 days but not treated with Mg-free medium were taken as the blank control group, and the changes of potentials were recorded. ② The fulllength cDNA of caspase 3 was cloned with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and then it was labeled. The expression of caspase 3 gene and neuronal apoptosis were detected with in situ hybridization and flow cytometry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Results of cDNA cloning of caspase 3; ② Results of Caspase 3 in situ hybridization; ③ Results of apoptosis.RESULTS: ① The products amplified by RT-PCR showed DNA segment lanes of about 800 bp after treated with 12 g/L agarose gel electrophoresis (Figure 1), which was concordant with the predicted value. The detection of DNA sequence showed that the length of the obtained cloning open-reading frame was 843 bp. ② The hybridization showed that in the blank control group, the positively stained hippocampal neurons were less than 10%, the neurites were well-stacked, and formed extensive synaptic association; In the epileptic discharge model group, the positively stained neurons were obviously increased at 3 hours after the Mg-free treatment, and there were many strongly and positively stained neurons at 12 hours, all these neurons kept the neurites, which became little. ③ The flow cytometry showed that at 6 hours after the Mg-free treatment, the apoptotic cells began to increase obviously, the numbers of apoptotic cells in certain times were not the same.CONCLUSION: Epileptic discharge can trigger the caspase 3 gene expression, by which neuronal apoptosis is induced.
10.Clinical analysis on safety of primary suture in laparoscopic choledocholithotomy
Lei WU ; Linhui PENG ; Geping WANG ; Wenyuan SONG ; Hongyan ZHAO
Chongqing Medicine 2017;46(20):2780-2781,2785
Objective To explore the feasibility and safety of primary suture in laparoscopic common bile duct exploration(LCBDE) for treating choledocholithiasis.Methods The clinical data in 185 cases of choledocholithiasis underwent LCBDE in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from March 2010 to October 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into 1aparoscopic common bile duct exploration and primary suture(LBEPS) group(117 cases) and T tube drainage group(68 cases) according to different processing modes of common bile duct incision.The operative time,intra-operative blood loss amount and postoperative complications were observed in the two groups.Results All operations were successfully performed in both two groups without converting to laparotomy.The operative time,intra-operative blood loss amounts and postoperative complications had no statistically significant differences between the LBEPS group and T tube drainage group(P>0.05).The postoperative hospital stay of the LBEPS group was significantly shorter than that of the T tube drainage group(P<0.01).There was no bile duct stricture or stone recurrence during the follow up period in the two groups.Conclusion Under strictly grasping the operation indication,selecting correct suture material and possessing practiced operating skills,primary suture of laparoscopic choledocholithiasis is safe and feasible,can avoid the risk of T tube placing related complications,has short postoperative hospitalization duration and increases postoperative living quality.