Objective To assess effects and security of the insertion of sacroiliac screws by the bi-planar navigation robot system. Methods In a simulated surgical setup, 12 AO cannulated screws were placed into the S1 vertebral bodies of 4 human pelvic bone under the guidance of the bi-planar navigation robot system which was developed jointly by Beijing Aeronautics and Space University and our hospital. To compare this new technique with the conventional technique, another 12 cannulated screws were placed into 4 Synbone pelvic models under fluoroscopic control. The fluoroscopic times, the radiation exposure time and operation time between image acquisition and guide-wire insertion were recorded. Results With the guidance of the bi-planar navigation robot system, the average fluoroscopic times were 2.5, the average radiation exposure time was 1.5 seconds, and the average operation time was 253 seconds. All the screws were in the safe area. Under the fluoroscopic control, the average fluoroscopic times were 20.3, the average radiation exposure time was 13.7 seconds, and the average operation time was 246 seconds. Two screws (16.7%) were misplaced. The fluoroscopic times and the radiation exposure time were reduced significantly when the bi-planar navigation robot system was used (P0.05). Conclusions The bi-planar navigation robot system can provide precise navigation for insertion of sacroiliac screws within several minutes, and reduce the radiation exposure to the patient and the staff significantly. The results of this prospectively controlled experimental study are encouraging for further clinical trials.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of the titanium clip in endoscopic treatment of the transverse colon pol‐yps and discuss the incidence of postoperative complications .Methods A retrospective analysis of 47 patients with the diameter of the transverse colon polyps with the diameter of 1 .0 cm above for EMR treatment .47 patients divided into titanium clip group (EMR preoperative using the titanium clip in the tumor periphery 1 .0 cm extension and vascular anatomy distribution ,n=21) and no titanium clip group (EMR preoperative no using the titanium clip ,n=26) .Analysis one‐time complete resection ,intraoperative blood loss and the hemorrhage after 7 days of two groups .Results There were one‐time removal of the tumor in the titanium clip group ,and no one‐time removal of the tumor in the no titanium clip group due to the large blood loss with poor visibility ,three cases can not be a one‐time complete resection ,the two groups were significantly different (P< 0 .05);the average amount of bleeding (20 .0 ± 5 .6)mL in titanium clip group ,that was (80 .0 ± 8 .2)mL in the on titanium clip group ;compared with the two groups , there was statistically significant (P<0 .01) .There was not complication of hemorrhage after 7 days ,but three cases were that in no titanium clip group ,the difference was significant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion EMR preoperative use the titanium clip in the tumor periphery 1 .0 cm extension and vascular anatomy distribution in trement of benign tumor of the transverse colon ,which can signifi‐cantly improve the clinical efficacy of EM R technique ,and significantly reduced the intraoperative and postoperative bleeding occur‐rence ,thus it's worthy of promotion .

Adult stem cells have great differentiation plasticity as embryonic stem cells,can differentiate into other cells or tissues,and have been a hot research spot.This article mainly analyzed the occurrence of tumor stem cells,believed that tumor stem cells are the root of tumor growth,invasion,migration and relapsing,discussed stomach stem cells,tried to search the correlation of carcinoma and stomach stem cells,and analyzed that carcinoma may be a kind of stem cell disease.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) and X-ray irradiation on liver carcinoma cell lines BEL-7402. Methods Liver carcinoma cell lines BEL-7402 had been incubated with ELF-EMF (100 Hz, 0.7 mT, 30 min, 3 days) after X-ray irradiation at different doses (0, 2, 4, 6, 8,10 Gy). The cells were observed on morphologic changes with scanning electron microscope. Flow cytometry and gene microarray were used to investigate the mechanism of cell apeptosis. Results ELF-EMF plus X-ray induced apoptosis on BEL-7402 was observed under scanning electron microscope.When X-irradiation was 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 Gy, the apoptosis ratios of combined group and only X-irradiation group were 10.0%, 14.5%, 4.3%, 5.1%, 7.1% and 0.1%, 8.1%, 0.1%, 0.4%, 2.2% (P < 0.05) on flow cytometry. The result of microarray indicated that 1465 genes were up-regulated and 1108 down*regulated in the ELF-EMF plus X-ray group in comparison with the control group. The change rates of 110 apoptosis related genes were above 2 times, which including 71 up-regulated and 39 down-regulated. Gene microarray showed that ELF-EMF and X-ray irradiation had a mainly effect on different gene of apoptosis paths (CDC25 and CHKI, ATM, p38, PTEN, p53, G1/S, Fas, G2/M, Cell Cycle, Apoptosis and Caspase). The same genes of ELF-EMF plus X-ray group were showed 13 in ELF-EMF group and 42 in X-ray group. Conclusions Apoptosis paths were significantly different between ELF-EMF and X-irradiation. ELF-EMF cooperates with X-irradiation on inducing BEL-7402 cell apoptosis.

Objective: To determine the suitable condition for enrichment and purification of total flavonoids from Scutel-laria baicalensis with macroporous resins and to select the optimal parameters. Methods: Using the total flavonoids as the standard, the optimum macroporous resins were selected. Sample concentration, adsorption duration and alcohol concentration were investigated by orthogonal experiment design of form L9(34). Results: The 1300 resin was the suitable one for enriching and purifying total flavonoids. The optimum conditions Were as follows :adsorption time at 40 min, sample concentration at 4. 00 mg/ml (pH 5. 0) ,and 30% alcohol as the elution reagent. Conclusion: 1300 resin can be used to enrich and purify the total flavonoids of Scutellaria baicalensis, which can increase the rate of enrichment.

AIM: To explore the role of PI3K /PKB pathway in the growth inhibition effect of rabbit lens epithelial cells (LECs) induced by (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). METHODS: Rabbit LECs were obtained by tissue culture; MTT colormetric assay was used to study growth of LECs; Western blotting was used to study the kinsae phosphorylation- and nonphosphorylation- level of PKB. RESULTS: (1) When LECs were preincubated with 25, 50 ?mol/L LY294002 for 1 h, 50 ?mol/L EGCG had little influence on the proliferation of LECs. It showed significant inhibition when EGCG increased to 100, 200 ?mol/L ( P

Objective To explore the management of perioperative period on the effect of alimentary tract fistulas after gastric cancer operation.Methods The clinical data of 25 patients with alimentary tract fistulas after gastric cancer operation were reviewed.The location and time of alimentary tract fistulas,and perioperative period of patients were analyzed.Results Of the 25 patients,13 cases(52.0％) were anastomotic fistulas,1 case(4.0％) was bile fistula,2 cases (8.0％) were pancreatic fistulas,4 cases (16.0％) were small intestinal fistulas,and 3 case (12.0％) were duodenal stump fistulas,1 case (4.0％) was anastomotic and duodenal stump fistula,1 case (4.0％) was small intestinal and duodenal stump fistula.The alimentary tract fistulas generally occurred within the first or second week after gastric cancer operation.The incidence rate of gastrointestinal leakage was 64.0％ in gastric cancer with diabetes patients,56.0％ in gastric cancer with elderly patients,40.0％ in gastric cancer with anemia patients,36.0％ in gastric cancer with hypoproteinemia patients,16.0％ in gastric cancer with multivisceral excisions.21 cases of gastrointestinal leakage were healed after conservative treatment.2 cases with gastrointestinal leakage by operation treatment were healed.2 patients died,one died of intra-abdominal hemorrhage,one case died of MODF.Conclusion Strengthening the management of patients with alimentary tract fistulas after gastric cancer operation can promote the healing of fistula in perioperative period.

Objective To observe the safety and effectiveness of high-dose chemotherapy(HDT) supported by autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells transplantation(APBHSCT) in the patients of terminal or relapsed malignant tumors.Methods The patients achieved CR or PR after 4 cycles of conventional salvage chemotherapy were divided into two groups randomly.26 patients in the research group were adapted APBHSC+HDC,50 patients in the control group were adapted 2～4 cycles of routine chemotherapy.Results In the research group,hematopoiesis was reconstructed in all patients,8 out of 17 patients who achieved PR after 4 cycles of conventional salvage chemotherapy turned into CR after APBHSC+HDC(CR rate 47.1%).In the control group,33 patients who achieved PR after 4 cycles of conventional salvage chemotherapy were still PR after 2～4 cycles of routine chemotherapy.The median survival period in the research group was 11 months,which was longer than the one in the control group.The survival rates of 2,3 and 4 years in the research group were evidently higher than the ones in the control group(P

Objective To study the lignans in Patrinia scabra. Methods The constituents were separated and purified by column chromatographies with silica gel, RP-silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data (IR, MS, 1H-NMR , 13 C-NMR , DEPT, HMQC and HMBC). Results There were four lignans obtained from P. scabra with the structures identified as pinoresinol-4, 4′-di-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (Ⅰ), and matairesinol-4, 4′-di-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (Ⅱ), lariciresinol-4′-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (Ⅲ), and lariciresinol-4-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (Ⅳ). Conclusion All the four compounds are found in P. scabra for the first time. The NMR data of compound Ⅱ are given first.

Objective To study the prognosis of infants with bronchiolitis by testing urine leukotriene E4 (LTE4) level and investigating atopy's influences. Methods Urine LTE4 was tested in 38 eases with mild bronchiolitis (47 in acute stage, 17 in convalescent stage), 9 severe bronchiolitis cases, 15 atopic cases, 25 control cases. Peripheral blood was used to determine eosinophils count (EC) in acute bronchiolitis cases. Results (1) The level of urine LTE4 is obviously higher in cases of acute group (62.11 ± 12.23 pmol/L) than that of control group (22.19±1.50 pmol/L) , and the convalescent group (34.86 ±5.75 pmol/L) (F = 132.42, P < 0.01) ;Urine LTE4 level of convalescent group is higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01). (2) Urine LTE4 level is significantly higher in severe group (98.04 ± 8.04 pmol/L) than that of mild group (59.16 ± 12.25 pmol/L) (t = 9.92, P < 0.01). (3) Urine LTE4 level of atopy positive (88.75 ± 10.45 pmol/L) infants with bronchiolitis is significantly higher than atopy negative infants (55.28 ± 11.44 pmol/L)(t = 8.63, P < 0.01). (4) There is no significant correlation between the levels of urine LTE4 and EC for acute bronchiolitis. Condusions The level of urine LTE4 in acute bronehiolitis patients increases and remains high in convalescent stage;Higher urine LTE4 level in severe bronchiolitis cases indicates that urine LTE4 level is related to the severity of the disease;cysteinylleukotrenes is an important mediator of inflammation that may influence the prognosis of atopy positive infants with bronchiolitis;EC is not a good index to present the airway inflammation of infants with bronehiolitis.